4-8 Data Management
What is a data mart?
A subset of a data warehouse (IRIS, DSS), specific to a particular subject or business activity, can be a tactical solution. Faster queries, development time, and ensures consistent data and requires advanced planning
Which of these processes is used for discovering patterns in data? A. Data Mining B. Data Extraction C. Data Recovery Data Management
A: Data mining
What is benchmarking?
Allows an institution to look at a group and see how they are doing in terms of resource allocation/mortality
What is adverse event monitoring?
Analyze data on use of rescue drug (% of patients who received drugs for opioid overuse)
What is business intelligence and business objects?
BI: Technology driven data analysis to help guide strategies BO: Specific set of tools that allows for this data analysis
Which BEST describes transactional (operational) data versus analytical data stored in data warehouses? A. Transactional data are easier to summarize for operation reports. B. Transactional data are easier to query C. Transactional data need to be extracted and then loaded into a data warehouse for database functionality D. Both A and B are true
C: Transactional data need to be extracted and then loaded into a data warehouse for database functionality
What is analytic data used for?
Clinical decision support, patient adherence, adverse event monitoring, performance measure, formulary management, health outcomes, and population healthcare management
Why is working knowledge about data management important for pharmacists and other health care professionals? A. Increased ability to communicated with both clinical and IT professionals B. Increased data independence C. Increase engagement in knowledge of discovery from data D. All of the above
D: All of the above
What are key points of data management?
Data, information, knowledge Data is a value. You gain information from data. Use of information is knowledge. Transactional data Ex: H1b value of 6, data that has to flow form one system to another Transaction standards: HL7 and NCPCD standards Structured vs unstructured data: Discrete, recognizable vs free text, comments Analytical data: tables of information Relational databases: relation between tables Data warehouse: series or relational databases
What is clinical decision support?
Drug interaction checking, preventative care, detect potential ADES Identify patients risk for disease, risk for AE, and successful treatment It improves quality of care
What is patient outcome?
Evaluate patient outcome: LOS, readmission
What else is in the EHR?
Forms, lab results (clinical lab, drug levels, microbio), diagnosis codes and problem lists, inpatient and outpatient data, and clinical notes
What is the interface of people, information, and tech?
Informatics
What is Big Data? *OBJECTIVE QUESTION*
Large or complex data that traditional data processing applications are inadequate for Challenges: analysis, capture, curation, search, sharing, storage, transfer, visualization, and information privacy Often refers simply to the use of predictive analytics or other certain advanced methods to extract value from data and seldom to a particular size of data set 3 Vs: Volume, velocity, and variety. Structured vs unstructured data Clinical Big Data: Prevalence and trend studies, risk factor studies (BGlu level and insulin intake w/ mortality), Genotype-Phenotype studies (warfarin algorithm), method development studies (design an interface to evaluate risk ratio of disease to aid in treatment options)
What are the challenges of data mining?
Limited by accessibility and poor data quality: Different systems and requires integration, cerner as the data warehouse, systems still integrated in Cerner Missing, corrupted, inconsistent data, information in different formats in different sources Requires knowledge and resource investment: Knowledge of domain area, methodology and tools. Teams with expertise
What is administration/adherence?
Medication adherence/administration rate (time to admin, missed doses, performance by nursing), utilization of admin devices (IV pumps)
What is formulary management?
Medication utilization trends: Changes in utilization rate, formulary maintenance, prescribing patterns, identifying outliers, evaluating the effectiveness of policies, and cost effective drug utilization
What is Discern Analytics in EHR?
Order Action Analysis, generate workload reports Order Dispense Analysis, generate summary of doses for patients Product dispense analysis, generate drug utilization evaluation reports
What are billing data fields?
Patient ID, name, birth, gender Admission date, time, visit type, source Discharge date, time, status Condition codes Revenue codes and descriptions Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS)/Rate Prospective Payment system code (DRG) Principal diagnosis ICD-9 and POA indicator Admitting diagnosis Principal procedure ICD-9 code and date Attending physician data Accident related visits: occurrence codes and dates Other data: LOS, ethnicity, nursing unit Pros: final coded data, integrated with billing database, more than one dimensional database Cons: missing clinical information component, no detailed information on resource available
Informatics elements in the "dispensing" step of the medication use process include what?
TPN compounder
What establishes programs that provide incentive payments for the "meaningful use" of certified electronic health records (EHR) technology?
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)
