7a. Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

Every time Martin opens the cabinet where he stores his dog's treats his dog begins to bark in anticipation. This is an example of: observational learning. operant behavior respondent behavior. associative learning.

associative learning.

Mario has been a smoker for more than 20 years and every morning has a cigarette with his coffee. His doctor has urged him to quit smoking. Now, when Mario has a cup of coffee, he craves cigarettes. What can explain this? A.observational learning. B.respondent behavior C.associative learning. D.operant conditioning.

C. associative learning.

In Watson and Rayner's experiment with Little Albert the _____ was the unconditioned response. A. fear of the white rat B. salivating to a tone C. fear of a loud noise D. playful behavior with the rat

C. fear of a loud noise

Michael noticed that all the fish in his aquarium direct their mouths toward the top of the tank when he walks by. This is most likely an example of: respondent behavior. classical conditioning. observational learning. associative learning.

Classical Conditioning

The process of learning associations between environmental events and behavioral responses is called _____.

Conditioning

Jeff's psychology assignment is to observe and list any behaviors of his relatives that indicate learning. Which of the following should be included on his list? Jeff's father falls asleep watching TV. Jeff's sister bumps into a door when she has a high fever. Jeff's little brother whines whenever he wants something. Jeff's mother forgets her keys.

Jeff's little brother whines whenever he wants something

Behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus is called _____behavior.

Respondent

While 5-year-old Hope was looking at one of the balloons her mother set out for her birthday, her brother took a pin and popped the balloon, causing Hope to flinch and blink. Later during the party, when her mother approached her with a balloon, Hope blinked and flinched. This is an example of _____ conditioning.

classical

When Juan was a child, he was attacked by a swarm of bees in his back yard. Now every time he hears the sound of bees, he immediately becomes frightened. This is an example of: operant conditioning. observational learning. operant behavior. classical conditioning.

classical conditioning

Dr. Garcia is known for his difficult pop quizzes. Typically, he closes the classroom door just before he's about to give a quiz, which makes his students anxious and tense. Students soon learn to feel anxious whenever Dr. Garcia closes the classroom door. Closing the door has become a(n): unconditioned stimulus. conditioned response. conditioned stimulus. unconditioned response.

conditioned stimulus.

Four-year-old Chuck developed a fear of the stairs in his house after falling down them several times. When he was at his grandmother's house, he had no problem climbing the stairs. Unlike Little Albert's fear of white rats and other white items, Chuck was demonstrating:

discrimination.

A year after surviving a classroom shooting, Angie still responds with terror at the sight of toy guns and the sound of balloons popping. This reaction BEST illustrates: an unconditioned response. generalization. behaviorism. acquisition.

generalization

John just started his vacation from work and scheduled a tee time with friends to play golf on Monday morning. That morning he started driving to work instead of the golf course. This is an example of: respondent behavior. habitual behavior. cognitive learning. operant behavior.

habitual behavior.

According to psychologists, _____ is a relatively enduring behavior change that occurs due to experience.

learning

Jill is learning how to play tennis. For her first lesson, her instructor models serving and backhand returns while Jill patiently watches. Jill then tries to imitate the sequence of swings and motions made by her instructor. Which of the following concepts BEST describes how Jill is learning to play tennis? observational learning operant conditioning cognitive learning classical conditioning

observational learning

Tony began playing sports in the pee-wee soccer league. He won a ribbon in his first tournament and a trophy a year later in a championship game. Tony loves the admiration and accolades he gets for winning. As a result, Tony continues to play soccer. This is an example of: observational learning. respondent behavior. operant conditioning. associative learning.

operant conditioning

Wayne has a new pet hamster that he is trying to train to use the running wheel by giving the hamster treats. Which type of learning theory is Wayne trying to use to train the hamster? operant conditioning cognitive learning classical conditioning observational learning

operant learning

Jovan had leukemia as a child and had to undergo numerous bouts of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy always made him nauseous. After a year of treatment, the waiting room started to make him nauseous. The chemotherapy is the: unconditioned stimulus. conditioned stimulus. unconditioned response. conditioned response.

unconditioned stimulus.