7th Grade Math Chapter 5 Vocabulary
algebra
a branch of mathematics that involves expressions with variables
algebraic expression
a combination of variables, numbers, and at least one operation
linear expressions
a function for which the graph is a straight line
term
a number a variable OR the product/quotient of numbers and variables
monomial
a number, variable, or product of a number and one or more variables 'mono' = one
arithmetic sequence
a sequence in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is the same (a pattern!)
counterexample
a specific case which proves a statement is false Example: If somebody says all fruit have seeds on the inside, a counterexample would be a strawberry since it has seeds on the outside.
variable
a symbol, usually a letter, used to represent a number in mathematical expressions or sentences
constant
a term that does not contain a variable
factored form
an expression expressed as the product of its factors 6x + 10y The factored form would be 2(3x + 5y)
simplest form
an expression is in simplest form when it is replace by an equivalent experssion having no like terms or parentheses.
sequence
an ordered list of numbers Example: 0,1,2,3 or 2,4,6,8
define a variable
choose a variable and a quantity for the variable to represent in an expression or an equation Let x = # of times the Wisconsin Badgers will win
property
statement that is true for ANY number or variable (This chapter has the Commutative, Identity, Distributive ________________________.)
like terms
terms that contain the same variables raised to the same power. Example: 5x and 6x are like terms
coefficient
the numerical factor of a term that contains a variable
Commutative Property
the order in which two numbers are added or multiplied does not change their sum or product
Multiplicative Identity Property
the product of any number and one is the number
Multiplicative Property of Zero
the product of any number and zero is zero 56,345.2356 x 0 = ZERO!!!
Additive Identity Property
the sum of any number and zero is that number x + 0 = x
Associative Property
the way in which numbers are grouped does not change their sum or product Hint: the people/group you hang out with are the people you associate with...
Distributive Property
to multiply a sum by a number, multiply each addend of the sum by the number outside the parentheses Example: 2(5 + 3) = (2 x 5) + (2 x 3)
factor
to write a number as a product of its factors
equivalent expressions
two or more equations with the same solution