A&P - Chapter 8 EText
Transparent portion of the fibrous layer
Cornea
Increased pressure within the eye, which causes pain and possibly blindness
Glaucoma
What condition results from an abnormally high pressure inside the eye?
Glaucoma
Eyeball is "too short"
Hyperopia
What gland releases tears onto the anterior surface of the eyeball?
Lacrimal
Gland that releases tears
Lacrimal gland
Flexible biconvex crystal-like structure
Lens
The biconvex structure that focuses light on the retina is the ________.
Lens
What part of the eye is affected by cataracts?
Lens
What structure of the eye focuses light on the retina?
Lens
Nearsightedness
Myopia
Prolonged vitamin A deficiency results in deterioration of the neural retina
Night Blindness
What is associated with rods?
Night vision
The type of chemoreceptor responsible for our sense of smell is called a(n) ________.
Olfactory receptor
Blind spot
Optic Disc
Which area of the retina lacks rods and cones and therefore does not detect images?
Optic Disc
The region of the optic nerve lacking photoreceptor cells is known as the ________.
Optic disc (Blind spot)
Hair cells that function as hearing receptors are located within the ________.
Organ of corti
The rounded opening of the iris through which light enters the eye is called the ________.
Pupil
Contains millions of photoreceptors
Retina
Which layer of the eye contains rods and cones?
Retina
"White of the eye"
Sclera
The fibrous covering of the eye consists of the white outer layer, known as the ________, and a transparent portion known as the ________.
Sclera; cornea
Dynamic equilibrium receptors are found in the ________.
Semicircular canals
Dynamic equilibrium receptors that detect information about angular or rotational movements of the head are housed in the ________.
Semicircular canals
________ deafness arises when there is damage or degeneration of receptor cells in the spiral organ of Corti, cochlear nerve, or neurons in the auditory cortex of the brain.
Sensorineural
What is part of the sensory layer of the eye?
The retina
T/F: An astigmatism results from unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens.
True
T/F: Tarsal glands situated between the eyelashes release an oily secretion that lubricates the eye.
True
The structure that divides the outer ear from the middle ear is a membrane known as the ________.
Tympanic Membrane (Eardrum)
What sensation allows someone to enjoy the taste of a steak?
Umami
Static equilibrium receptors are located in the ________.
Vestibule
Which cranial nerve transmits hearing and equilibrium information to the brain?
Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
The gel-like substance housed in the posterior segment of the eye is the ________.
Vitreous Humor
Type of humor located in the posterior segment
Vitreous Humor
Which one of the following correctly lists the order of the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye?
cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
What can cause sensorineural deafness?
degeneration of the hair cells in the spiral organ of Corti
Hearing receptors within the spiral organ of Corti are called ________.
hair cells
An ear infection following an illness such as a cold can pass from the throat through the auditory (pharyngotympanic) tube to the ________.
middle ear
The function of the choroid layer of the eye is to ________.
prevent light from scattering inside the eye
Sensorineural deafness occurs when there is damage or degeneration of receptor cells of the ________.
spiral organ of Corti or cochlear nerve
The five taste sensations are ________.
sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami
Sound waves entering the external auditory canal hit the eardrum, also known as the ________.
tympanic membrane
The gel-like substance that reinforces the eyeball and prevents it from collapsing inward is the ________.
vitreous humor
The transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye is the ________.
Cornea
T/F: Cones are photoreceptor cells that allow us to see gray tones in dim light.
False
T/F: The olfactory receptors are responsible for detecting taste sensations.
False
Area of greatest visual acuity
Fovea Centralis
The pigmented portion of the eye that has a rounded opening through which light passes is the ________.
Iris
The pupil is an opening within the ________.
Iris
The ________ gland is located above the lateral end of each eye and releases tears.
Lacrimal
Which structure is part of the system that produces and drains tears?
Lacrimal gland
The inability to see distant objects is termed "nearsighted" or ________.
myopia
What part of the inner ear contains receptors for dynamic equilibrium?
semicircular canals
Blurry images due to unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens
Astigmatism
What is associated with the external (outer) ear?
Auricle (Pinna)
The three sets of color receptors within the retina are sensitive to wavelengths of visible light that are ________.
Blue, green, and red
What layer of the eyeball contains both pigment to absorb stray light rays and muscle to control the lens?
Choroid
Which condition of the eye is a sex-linked condition that more often affects males?
Color blindness
Type of photoreceptor cell that detects colors
Cones
The membrane that covers the outer surface of the eye and lines the eyelids is the ________.
Conjunctiva
Inflammation of the conjunctiva
Conjunctivitis
The external acoustic meatus (auditory canal) is a narrow chamber situated in the ________ bone.
Temporal
