A&P Immune System Test
Humoral immunity is provided by
antibodies
Vaccines stimulate the production of these proteins
antibody
Which one of the following is NOT one of the nonspecific body defenses?
antibody production
Any substance capable of provoking an immune response
antigen
Cells that engulf and present parts of antigens on the membrane for recognition by T cells bearing receptors for the same antigen
antigen-presenting cell
Chemical released by macrophages and dendritic cells to activate many other immune cells
cytokines
What type of cell specializes in killing virus-infected, cancer, or foreign graft cells directly?
cytotoxic T cells
What does fever accomplish?
fever inhibits bacterial reproduction and speeds the repair process
What type of T cells release cytokines to indirectly rid the body of antigens?
helper T cells
T cells or B cells that are capable of responding to a specific antigen by binding to it with antigen-specific receptors that appear on the lymphocyte's surface are considered
immunocompetent
The specific foreign substances that an individual's immune system has the ability to recognize and resist is determined by
individual genetic makeup
Small protein that binds with receptors on healthy cells to promote protein synthesis and prevent viruses from binding
interferon
What inhibits viruses from entering and attacking healthy cells?
interferon
The adaptive (specific) defense system
issues an attack specific to particular foreign substances
Protein that provides resistance to intact skin against acids, alkalis, and bacterial enzymes
keratin
What mediates the adaptive defense system (specific defense system)?
lymphocytes
Cell that may exist in the body for years and enable a quick response to subsequent meetings with the same antigen
memory cell
Cell that directs the adaptive immune response by recruiting other cells to fight the invaders
Helper T cells
Due to a recent respiratory illness from a viral infection, Jennifer now has developed
naturally acquired active immunity
Antibodies provided by serum from an immune donor or an animal donor do not challenge the B cells and thus provide
passive immunity
Chemical released by natural killer cells to cause cell lysis
perforins
Cell that produces huge numbers of the same antibody
plasma cell
How do plasma cells assist with humoral immunity?
plasma cells secrete highly-specific antibodies
Chemical secreted by white blood cells and macrophages to raise the body's temperature
pyrogen
Cell that slows or stops B and T cell activity once infection has been conquered
regulatory T cell
Which of the following substances is NOT likely to trigger the immune response?
self-antigen
What is the body;s first line of defense against the invasion of disease-causing microorganisms?
skin and mucous membranes
What are T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes self-tolerant of?
the body's own cells
Active immunity to tetnus, whooping cough, and polio can be artificially acquired when we receive
vaccines
Which of the following is NOT a cell that behaves as an antigen-presenting cell?
virus
Cell that develops immunocompetence in the bone marrow
B cell
Antigen presentation is essential for the activation and clonal selection of
T cells
Antigen-presenting cells present in fragments of cells so they can be recognized by
T cells
What statement regarding the role of T cells is true?
T cells constitute the cell-mediated arm of the adaptive defenses
