A&P - Modules 1-4 Quiz Notes
Which term below is defined by the fact that cells present in the epithelium are going to be tightly packed together with little or no space between them?
cellularity
The part of the vertebra that transfers weight along the long axis of the vertebral column is the:
centrum
The endocrine system produces these chemicals that help regulate growth.
hormones
Which of the following bone supports some of the weight of the brain?
occipital
If a needle pokes your skin and results in instant bleeding, which skin layer has the needle reached?
papillary layer
This kind of section separates right and left portions of the body in anatomical positions but misses the midline. Which kind of section is this?
parasagittal section
What component of the bone matrix gives it its toughness?
calcium phosphate
The function of an osteoprogenitor cell in osseous tissue is to:
produce new osteoblast
What kind of epithelium would you find lining the nasal cavity?
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Goblet cells are an example of:
unicellular gland
The outer covering of bone is known as:
periosteum
The parietal and temporal bones are separated by which suture?
squamous suture
The outside lining of bone that helps it attach to fascia and circulatory components is the:
Periosteum
Which bone cell stimulates bone resorption?
osteoclasts
Michael has darker skin than Melanie. What is likely the explanation for this difference?
Michael's melanocytes has projections that reach the stratum granulosum
Which statement does not accurately describe the anatomical position?
Palms are pressed lightly against the thighs
During the intramembranous ossification process, the development of the trabeculae will cause the formation of (the):
cancelous bone
________ is a type of dense connective tissue that is often found in joints to reduce friction. _________ is a type of fibrous connective tissue which attaches a bone to another bone.
cartilage; ligament
Which of the following bone markings are used for the passage of blood vessels?
foramen, fissure, and cana
What is the correct order of events for bone remodeling?
resorption, deposition, osteocyte mineralization
Which type of connective tissue fiber is found in blood vessels and form branching networks around smooth muscles?
reticular fibers
Which of the following is false when discussing the vertebrae?
All vertebrae have a superior costal facet
Increased levels of calcium in the blood of a pregnant woman would stimulate the secretion of:
calcitonin
Through the process of cell differentiation:
each cell develops a characteristic set of structural features.
Which branch of anatomy is defined by the study of microscopic structure of tissues?
histology
Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
mediastinum
How do merocrine glands secrete their products?
through exocytosis
The hand is __________ to the shoulder.
distal
The penis is ______________ to the gluteus.
lateral
Which branch of anatomy is defined by the study of cellular function and structure?
Cell biology
The epidermis consists of stratified squamous epithelium. Which cell type found within these layers is a type of macrophage?
Langerhans cells
Which of the statements below is correct about connective tissue?
abundant extracellular material between cells
Which structure of the osteon will allow communication of one osteocyte with another osteocyte?
canaliculi
Having a matrix is a characteristic of which type of tissue?
connective
Which of the following describes a central canal of a bone?
contains blood vessels
Which of the following molecular composition is the second greatest in the body?
hydrogen
Which layer below belongs to the integumentary system, but is not part of the skin?
hypodermis
If a patient comes to see you complaining of a sore throat and you are the nurse on call, which diagnostic technique would be best used if you want to observe if there is presence of bacterial plaques on her tonsils?
inspection
Which life process listed below is used to describe the process of moving your hand away from a hot stove?
irritability
Why are hemidesmosomes important tight junctions?
it holds the basal part of the epithelial cells attached to the basal lamina
When analyzing a histology section of the skin, you notice the presence of hair. This means that you will see:
keratinocytes with 4 different characteristics
Which of the following cells are in charge of bone resorption?
osteoclasts
Which bone feature is considered to be midsagittal?
perpendicular plate
What is the correct order in which bone reformation occurs?
resting bone, resorption, reversal, matrix deposition, mineralization
When epithelial cells are flat they are referred to as _____________ cells.
squamous
In which layer of the skin are melanocytes located?
stratum basale
Most stem cells differentiate into keratinocytes in which skin layer?
stratum basale
In which layer(s) of the skin of the forearm would you find keratinocytes? Make sure to place them in order from the most superficial to the most deep.
stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
Most of the small intestine is in the ____________ region.
umbilical region
When a fracture is not given the correct medical treatment and therefore does not heal properly, bone formation begins to form at the area of fracture. What cell contributes to this bone formation:
Osteoblast
Estrogen is a hormone that aids in the absorption of calcium. When a woman reaches menopause, the production of estrogen is greatly reduced. Mary recently reached menopausal age and was advised to take a calcium supplement to reduce her risk of Osteoporosis. How can a menopause affect Mary's bones?
Osteoclasts will begin to break down calcium stored within the bone which can cause osteoporosis
Which type of epithelium below would function to help the egg reach the uterus?
ciliated simple columnar epithelium
The __________ (cells) secrete ___________ that forms the reticular lamina of the basement membrane.
fibroblasts; elastin
Which step of the endochondral ossification occurs right after the development of the secondary ossification center
formation of articular cartilage
Which cranial bones form the orbit?
frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid
The following are major types of body tissues, except:
lymphatic tissue
Which statement about stratum spinosum is correct?
made up of several cell layers, where keratinocytescontain tonofibrils which are made up of keratin protein filaments
In which bone is the mandibular condyle located?
mandible
Which cell type present in the connective tissue will be involved in the secretion of histamine during an allergic reaction?
mast cells
Which of the following cell type is found in the epidermis?
merkel cells
White blood cells called _______ work to consume bacteria and remove damaged tissue and debris.
neutrophils and macrophages
If you were to do a coronal section in a cadaver, which two organs or body parts listed below would you possibly be separating?
nipples and the buttocks
Which organ is shared by the endocrine and the digestive organ systems?
pancreas
The ankle is said to be distal to the _______________ but proximal to the __________.
patella; metatarsals
The following are examples of connective tissue, except:
skeletal muscle
What would you expect to see when looking at a histological tissue preparation that contains a simple cuboidal epithelium?
square cells organized in one cell layer
Which bone feature(s) does the head of the rib articulate with?
superior and inferior costal facets
If osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, how will the mass of the bone be affected?
the bone would have a decreased mineral content and, as a result, it would also be weaker.
The vertebral column and spinal cord are part of which body cavity?
vertebral canal
Choose the correct match for the type of rib and the number of ribs that belong to each category.
vertebrochondral; 3
Julia explains to her friend that the integument is composed of skin and its derivatives, like hair, nail and glands. That the skin is formed by the epidermis and the dermis. She describes the epidermis as having four layers in thin skin and the dermis as having a papillary and reticular region. She asserts that the dermis is located below the subcutaneous layer. What makes Julia's statement incorrect?
She inaccurately describes the location of the dermis.
Which of the following bones can be considered either an irregular or a flat bone?
coxal
The spinal cord passes through which body cavity?
cranial and vertebral
The gallbladder belongs to which organ system?
digestive
During long bone development where is the epiphyseal plate located?
in the metaphysis
What is the function of microvilli?
increase surface area by 20 times
