A&P Test 1
The esophagus is directionally __________ to the trachea
Posterior
Chromatin will coil itself up around histone proteins to form a thicker visible chromosomes during which phase of mitosis
Prophase
The only substance on earth that is considered purely 'neutral'
Pure water because there are an equal amount of 'H' and 'OH' molecules to keep it at 7.0
The identity markers that are found on the cell membrane of all cells are made of
proteins
Ongoing pain in the calf muscle of his leg at night, in report you will write, "patients complain of pain in the
sural region
The molecule responsible for bringing the correct amino acid to the ribosome during translation phase of protein synthesis is called
tRNA
One atom of sodium would have how many valence electrons
1
One atom of sodium would have _____ neutrons in the nucleus of the atom
12
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback system
A neuron is stimulated, thus opening the membrane channels on the axon to allow sodium ions to move into the cell. This causes more membrane channels to open along the axon thus allowing more sodium ions to move into the cell
What process will the cell membranes be required to use in order for the sodium to be moved into the blood
Active transport
Which of the following represents the correct base pairing between bases found in the DNA molecules
Adenine to Thymine and Cytosine to Guanine
The end result of the process of transcription is the production of
An MRNA copy of the original section of DNA
The phase of mitosis where the centromeres split and the chromatids are pulled apart by the spindle fibers is called
Anaphase
Red blood cells only live approximately 24 hours once they have entered the blood stream from bone marrow, this is normal type of cell death called
Apoptosis
Which of the following structures is located in the dorsal body cavity
Brain, Spinal Cord
Which of the following correctly list the four elements that make up 96% of the human bodies mass
C,H,O,N
Identify which of the following statements about carbohydrates is true
Carbohydrates usually contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.
All of the chemical energy that is stored within the molecule in the food that we consume is stored in the?
Chemical bonds between the atoms of the macromolecules in our food
The large macromolecules in our bodies are usually held together by large.....
Covalent Bonds
The end phase of mitosis
Cytokinesis
DNA is made of repeating NUCLEOTIDES each on consisting of a sugar called ___________ a phosphate group and one of four nitrogenous
Deoxyribose
Which of the following substances composed of protein?
Enzymes
What can you tell about the following nucleotide sequence Adenine-Uracil-Guanine?
It comes from a section of RNA molecule
The types of lipids that function mainly to store excess energy from the food that we eat are called......
Phospholipids
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the body is known as
Metabolism
The plane that divides a structure equally left and right sides
Midsaggital
The abnormal death of our cells such as that seen in gangrene of the skin is called
Necrosis
Recognizing changes and correct imbalances in our internal environment to maintain a level of homeostasis is called
Negative Feedback System
Atomic number of an element will tell us the number of protons in the
Nucleus
Blood is slightly alkaline (7.4 on the pH scale) This means blood contains a slightly higher number of dissolved what?
OH ions
Which of the following list the levels of organization of the human body from the MOST complex to the LEAST complex.
Organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
The process in which the solvent moves down the concentration gradient (high to low) is
Osmosis
Which of the following is not one of the major organic molecules that make up the human body?
Oxygen
The process of translation occurs at which of the following organelles within the cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Severe pain in the right olecranal region, careful when handling this patients what?
Right elbow
The phase of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated before cell division occurs
S
Any substance when dissolved in water that releases neither H+ nor OH- ions would be classified as
SALT
Potassium Chloride is classified as a
Salt
Cell membranes help protect the cell by allowing certain substances to cross the cell membrane. This is important property of the cell membrane is called?
Selective permeability
A red blood cell that is placed in a 70% salt solution would quickly
Shrink (crenate)
A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution of 50% sodium would
Shrink up (crenate)
Which of the following statements best describes how the phospholipid molecules are arranged within the lipid bilayer of our cell membranes
The heads are oriented toward the ICF and ECF because they are hydrophilic
Which of the following does NOT occur during prophase of mitosis
The nuclear membrane reappears around the nucleus
A patient IV saline solution was accidentally replaced with pure, sterile water. What would you see written on the patients autopsy report?
The patients red blood cells and brain cells filled with water, swelled, and burst
If the nucleotide sequence of a section of DNA strand is ACTGCT then the mRNA copies of that
UGACGA
The spleen would located in which quadrant?
Upper left quadrant
"trace element"
iodine
___________ bonds are formed when one atom physically gives an electron another atom
ionic
Which of the following best describes the integumentary system
it contains hair, skin, and nails as accessory organs
