Adipose Tissue: Ch 9 - Tom

What is non-shivering thermogenesis?

*Brown fat generates heat: Brown fat is OXIDIZED, and produces heat--this warms the blood flowing through the tissue.

White Adipose Tissue: 1) Prominent in what group of humans? 2) Also called what?

1) Adults 2) Unilocular

Brown Adipose Tissue: 1) Present during what stage of life? After this stage what happens to the tissue? 2) Also called what?

1) Fetal life; diminished after the first decade after birth. 2) Multilocular (numerous fat droplets)

1) Name the rare, benign, slow-growing tumors of brown fat. 2) Is this primarily white or brown fat?

1) Hibernoma 2) Mixture of both. Pure hibernomas are VERY rare.

How does UCP-1 facilitate in thermogenic activity? What is the energy produced by mitochondria used as?

1) Movement of protons across inner mitochondrial membrane. 2) Heat

Are white adipose tissues membrane bound? What are the shapes?

1) No 2) Honeycomb appearance; round oval, or polyhedral

What is adipose tissue composed of?

Adipocytes

Name the type of tissue where the primary cell type is the adipocyte.

Adipose tissues

Internally, where is white adipose tissue found?

Around organs, in omentum, mesentaries, bone marrow. Also in feet, axilla, orbits

Where is White Adipose Tissue thickest?

Different parts of the body

Is Adipose tissue vascularized?

HIGHLY Vascularized

Where are brown adipose tissues localized?

In fetal life/babies/children: -Area around kidneys, adrenal glands, aorta, regions of neck, and in mediastinum

Name the most common benign adipose tissue tumor:

Lipoma

Name of the rare, malignant tumor of adipose tissue:

Liposarcoma

What organelle is plentiful in brown adipose tissue?

Mitochondria (heat generating)

What transcription factor plays a part in the differentiation of adipocytes and initiation of lipid metabolism.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma symbol)

How does non-shivering thermogenesis benefit newborn humans?

Prevents extensive heat loss.

How is thermogenesis regulated?

Uncouple protein in Mitochondria: UCP-1 or Thermogenin: uncouple oxidation of fatty acids from production of ATP.

What do adipocytes differentiate from?

Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

There are two types of adipose tissues. Name them:

White and Brown