PED 101 Final
The continent with the most reported cases of HIV/AIDS is
Africa
Cardiac output increases with training.
True
The most common steroid in the body is
cholesterol
Characteristics of addiction include
denial
Allostatic load can lead to
high blood pressure
Exercise intensity is most closely related to
how hard you exercise
A muscle contraction with constant speed is
isokinetic
Physical fitness is the ability to
perform moderate to vigorous physical activity without undue fatigue
The right ventricle pumps blood through the ________ to the lungs.
pulmonary atery
The upper respiratory passages
warm, humidify, and filter the air
Which condition can cause a forward tilt of the pelvis and an increased curvature of the lower back?
weak trunk flexor muscles
A pattern of losing/gaining weight is known as
weight cycling
The daily protein requirement for an elite athlete is approximately
1.6 grams per kilogram of body weight
When stretching, you should hold each stretch for at least
10 seconds
According to the physical activity pyramid, individuals should work on muscular fitness
2 days per week
Overweight is defined as a BMI of
25 to 29.9
What percentage of the sexually active population is between the ages of 15 and 24?
25%
Approximately what percentage of all traffic fatalities in the United States in 2010 were alcohol related?
31%
What percentage of adults in the United States are physically inactive?
43%
In 2013, the World Health Organization estimated that ________ of the world's adults are overweight or obese.
46%
Approximately what percentage of college students report having consumed alcohol in the last 30 days?
62%
In the United States the average life expectancy for a female is
65
Approximately what percentage of people who try dieting regains the weight within 2 years or less?
75%
Mandy is 23 years old and just graduated with a degree in education. She wants to spend the summer getting in shape for her new job as a teacher starting in the fall. What will Mandy's predicted HRmax be as she begins to exercise regularly?
197 beats per minute
How long should the exercise-to-rest transition take?
5 to 15 minutes
An alcohol that is 100 proof contains ________ alcohol.
50%
According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Americans consume an average of approximately ________ calories more per day now than they did in 1970.
500
If you are obese and a non-smoker, your life expectancy is approximately
6 years less than that of a normal-weight person
Isotonic contractions are characterized by consistent muscle length.
False
People who stop exercising lose fitness gains at the same rate as they gained them.
False
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching can increase muscle power.
False
Stress does not cause loss of libido in young people.
False
Stretching should always be done to the point of pain.
False
The best time to stretch is just before a workout.
False
The dimensions of wellness are independent of one another and not interconnected.
False
The ease of modern life encourages increased levels of physical activity.
False
The most important aspect of proper footwear is the cost of the shoe.
False
To prevent dehydration, it is recommended that you start drinking fluid approximately 30 minutes after beginning an activity.
False
Which of the following is most true of habits?
Habits are determined by demographics and do not involve deliberate choice
Jenna and Daria both want to splurge on a restaurant for dinner tonight. Which meal would be their healthiest choice to eat?
Japanese: Steamed brown rice, grilled tofu with broccoli
Which of the below is an action-oriented objective in a SMART goal setting system?
Run on the trail 4 times a week
Where can you buy Safe Ride tickets on campus?
Sharky's Game Room and Box Office in Fisher Student Center
Which drug is used legitimately as an anesthetic in hospitals and veterinary clinics but is cooked, dried, and sold on the street as a hallucinogen?
Special K (ketamine)
If you want to learn more about safer drinking, where can you find the Crossroads office?
Student Rec Center 104
STIs are spread through
All of the answers are correct
________ is a component of spiritual wellness
Altruism
Why should you eat a variety of fruits and vegetables, and especially a variety of colors?
Each color we add gives us another type of vitamin or mineral
Which of the following statements regarding syphilis is true?
The steepest incline has been among young homosexual and bisexual men
What is TRUE about fad diets?
They have a 90-95% failure rate
Syphilis is caused by the pathogen
Treponema pallidum
A group of repetitions is called a set.
True
A one-rep maximal bench press would be primarily fueled by the immediate energy system.
True
According to current research, 18- to 20-year-olds need more than 8 hours of sleep a night.
True
All food sources of fats and oils contain both saturated and unsaturated fats.
True
Approximately 1 million people in the United States are infected with HIV/AIDS.
True
Birth control pills with perfect use are 98-99% effective and 85% effective with typical use?
True
Brain and nerve cells are dependent upon a steady supply of glucose.
True
Circuit training may consist of resistance training, aerobic training, or a combination of both.
True
Concentric contractions occur when force is developed in the muscle as the muscle is shortening.
True
A single muscle cell is called a fascicle.
False
Prolonged stress results in an elevated immune system response.
False
The "bad cholesterol," which leads to plaque deposits in blood vessels, is known as
LDL
Food portion sizes in America contribute to overeating.
True
Having physical activity regulated by someone else is negatively associated with activity levels.
True
Which of the following statements is true of spot reduction?
Spot reduction is not possible by any means
________ flexibility is a measure of a joint's overall range of motion.
Static
A measure of the amount of chemical energy that a food provides is known as
a calorie
Myofibril strands within muscles contain
actin and myosin
The best method for burning calories is
aerobic exercise involving large muscles
The respiratory system consists of the
air passageways and the lungs
Tolerance to nicotine develops
almost immediately
Gas exchange (the delivery of oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide) in the lungs takes place in the
alveoli
Jan went out with friends and had too many drinks last night and now has a hangover. Which symptom is Jan most likely to experience?
an upset stomach
Physical activities that can best relieve feelings of stress and tension
are fun
Submaximal tests are typically used to assess fitness because they
are safer than maximal tests
The two major types of blood vessels are
arteries and veins
Changing your behavioral response to stress involves
assessing the stressor
Stretching characterized by bouncing or jerky movements is known as ________ stretching.
ballistic
Sarah is a gymnast. Normally she performs stretch-and-hold movements prior to her routine. Based on her sport, Sarah might also benefit from incorporating ________ into her warm-up.
ballistic stretching
An action plan, a list of support sources, and a public declaration of intent are all part of what strategy for change?
behavior change contract
A syndrome characterized by negative self-perception in which a person becomes obsessed with a physical defect is known as
body dysmorphic disorder
One of the most important variables in determining a person's caloric needs is
body size
Essential nutrients
can only be obtained from the diet
The greatest threat from HPV is
cervical cancer in females
The most common bacterial STI in the United States is
chlamydia
Which mineral assists with the breakdown of glucose?
chromium
Small hairlike projections in the respiratory tract that filter out unwanted particles are called
cilia
A condition in which the liver cells are damaged and scar tissue develops is known as
cirrhosis
The physical activity pyramid
consists of layers of types of physical activity and gives recommendations for each
If a stretch reflex is activated, the muscle will
contract
Muscle spindles trigger the muscle to
contract
Which of the following is a way to get more heart-healthy fat into the diet?
cook with unsaturated oils
Healthy People 2020 establishes national public health priorities.
True
Training that alternates exercise modes within a given program is
cross-training
Gentle stretching and relaxation of muscles will
decrease stress hormones
The FITT formula is used to
design a safe and effective exercise program
Which of the following conditions would always require a medical clearance before exercising?
diabetes
Gender differences in flexibility seem to indicate that
differences are specific to particular joints
Atypical, abnormal food consumption that diminishes wellness but is not long-lived is known as
disordered eating
On a dare, Suzanne smokes a cigarette. Since she is a first-time smoker, the effects of nicotine poisoning that Suzanne might experience include
dizziness
Which of these is the best source of soluble fiber?
dried beans
Which of the following training techniques is most likely to lead to muscle strains?
eccentric contractions
Which of the following would be a likely source of eustress?
entering college
Recycling and using public transportation are examples of ________ wellness.
environmental
Physiological damage, reduced immunity, and increased susceptibility to physical or mental illness are characteristic of which stage of general adaptation syndrome?
exhaustion
Which of the following best describes plyometric exercise?
explosive exercises that mimic quick movements needed in many sports
If gonorrhea is transmitted from an infected mother to her newborn baby, it can cause ________ in the newborn.
eye infection
Water is used in the body to
facilitate transport of substances
Improved flexibility results in greater freedom of movement.
True
In the maintenance stage, people work to prevent relapse into old habits.
True
Increased levels of body fat put an individual at risk for diabetes.
True
Physical fitness is defined as the ability to perform sports skills with proficiency.
True
Research shows that the vast majority of drivers are functionally impaired even at the legal limit of 0.08 blood alcohol content (BAC).
True
Resistance training is beneficial in preventing osteoporosis.
True
Ritalin is an amphetamine used for medicinal purposes.
True
Stress is a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease mortality.
True
Strong core muscles can lead to increased performance levels in all of your activities.
True
Which of the following would help motivate someone to use condoms consistently?
fear of pregnancy
A child's condition caused by a pregnant mother drinking alcohol is
fetal alcohol syndrome
Which lifestyle factor is related to weight gain?
getting less than 6 hours of sleep
Stored adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the muscle is used in the ________ energy system.
immediate
Bettina has been exercising for a few weeks and is becoming adjusted to her current intensity level. To improve further, she must
increase her overload training
Studies have shown that exercise can reduce the symptoms of depression.
True
Tendonitis is a form of overuse injury.
True
The Mediterranean Diet encourages people to use olive oil liberally in cooking and at the table.
True
Jim and Steve have been working out together for 3 months. Although they have been doing the same workout, Steve has shown faster improvement. This difference in their responses to exercise illustrates the principle of
individuality
The best time to shop for new exercise shoes is after a workout or at the end of the day, when your feet are at their biggest.
True
Learning a second language is most likely to improve ________ wellness.
intellectual
A planned confrontation with an alcoholic that involves friends, family, and counselors is known as a(n)
intervention
Alcohol use becomes alcohol abuse when
it negatively affects social and family relationships
People living in rural areas tend to experience stress from
limited employment opportunities
Anemia results in
low blood oxygen levels
The "M" in the "SMART" system for setting goals stands for which of the following?
measurable
When assessing muscular strength, a 1 RM test
measures the maximum amount of weight that can be lifted one time
Cellular structures where oxidative energy production takes place are known as
mitochondria
Which factor is the reason why teens and young adults are more likely to contract an STI than older adults?
more likely to have multiple partners
In the past 25 years, obesity rates for adolescents have
more than tripled
According to the Campus Dietitian, which types of fats are the HEALTHIEST?
n/a
The major psychoactive substance in tobacco is
nicotine
Muscular fitness is defined as the ability
of the musculoskeletal system to perform daily activities without undue fatigue
An oil high in monounsaturated fatty acid is
olive oil
A disease associated with low calcium intake is known as
osteoporosis
Two months ago, Mike broke a bone when he took a spill on the basketball court. His bone has healed now, so he wants to start getting strength back in his deltoid muscles. What exercises would you recommend to him?
overhead press
Which of the following would be considered a complete protein source?
peanut butter
An infection of the female reproductive tract that can result from an untreated sexually transmitted infection is known as what?
pelvic inflammatory disease
A physically fit person is best defined as someone who
performs moderate to vigorous physical activity daily without undue fatigue.
Being physically fit, getting regular medical exams, and having a healthy diet are all components of ________ wellness.
physical
Research has shown that ________ decreases a person's risk for chronic disease
physical activity
A common overuse injury is
plantar fasciitis
Starches and other complex carbohydrates are also called
polysaccharides
An acute stress disorder caused by experiencing an extremely traumatic event is
post-traumatic stress disorder
The ability to perform work or contract muscles with high force quickly defines
power
The stage of the transtheoretical model in which a person does not acknowledge a need to change a behavior is
precontemplation
People who have thought about what they might do to change a behavior and are within a month or so of taking action are in which stage of behavior change?
preparation
The wave of blood that can be felt moving through the arteries when the heart contracts is the
pulse
The Harvard Medical School pyramid recommends minimizing the consumption of
refined carbohydrates
Which of the following is a role of sodium in the body?
regulate the water contents of blood and body fluids
When performing range-of-motion exercises, your movements should be ________ and ________.
relaxed; controlled
Which of the following occurs as a result of the fight-or-flight response?
respiration increases
Patella-femoral pain syndrome is also known as
runner's knee
Which of the following types of fiber is associated with lowering cholesterol?
soluble
SMART goals are
specific, measurable, action-oriented, realistic, and time-oriented
Damage to ligaments or joint structures due to acute injury is known as
sprain
During the specific cool-down, you should
stretch the muscle groups worked during the activity
Healthy life expectancy is calculated by
subtracting years of disability or illness from overall life expectancy
Men who use marijuana are twice as likely to develop
testicular cancer
Muscular endurance is defined as the ability
to contract a muscle repeatedly over an extended period of time
The fatty acids in most foods and in the body occur in the form of
triglycerides
The mode of activity chosen is known as
type
A deficiency of what vitamin is linked to development of fibrocystic breast disease?
vitamin E
The leading causes of death for Americans overall are heart disease and cancer.
True
The more strongly you state an intention to change a wellness habit, either verbally or on paper, the more likely it is you will succeed.
True
The transtheoretical model divides behavioral change into chronological stages.
True
Ultimately, the majority of lower-back pain is caused by acute injury.
True
Vitamin C is an antioxidant.
True
Jeff is a hard-driving, competitive, perfectionist. His personality type is most likely
Type A
Adaptation is defined as
a change in the body as a result of overload
Stress can be described as
a disturbed emotional state caused by an event or circumstance
"Hookah" refers to
a pipe that draws smoke from burning substances through water
Which of the following activities would be primarily fueled by the anaerobic energy system?
a sprint down a football field
After achieving your target weight, you should
add back in enough calories to maintain the new weight
The hormone secreted by the pituitary gland in response to stress is
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
The simultaneous changes that occur in the body to maintain homeostasis are called
allostasis
A primary purpose of the general cool-down is to slowly return ________ back to resting levels.
breathing rate
A state of stress-induced physical and mental exhaustion is known as
burnout
The best sources of energy during exercise are
carbohydrates
Going for a walk instead of eating dessert is an example of
countering
Kristina's mom wants to begin an exercise program. However, she is overweight and concerned about the impact exercise might have on her knees. To decrease her chance of injury, Kristina might recommend that her mom try
cross training
Weight loss regimens that focus on portion size and make allowance for variations in daily routine, appetite, and food availability are known as ________ diets.
flexible
People with low vitamin intakes tend to not eat enough
fruits
To counter a lack of motivation, you should choose exercise that is
fun and convenient
Which of the following is an example of a viral infection?
genital warts
Which of the following sexually transmitted infections is not caused by a virus?
gonorrhea
Conflict is most likely to occur when we
have to choose between competing motives
Physical inactivity contributes to which of the following health conditions?
heart disease
To progress safely and improve fitness, it is recommended that you
increase overload frequency, intensity, or duration by no more than 10% each time you make changes in your program
Hypertrophy is a physiological change resulting from resistance training that involves which of the following?
increased muscle cross-sectional area
The American Cancer Society estimates that smoking causes approximately ________ of all lung cancer cases.
87%
Which racial/ethnic group has the lowest percentage of overweight?
Asian Americans
Which of the following strategies is recommended as an effective way to manage your time?
Avoid overcommitment
A general warm-up consists of 15 to 20 minutes of resistance training.
False
A monitor is a person who watches and encourages a person lifting weights, and assists him if needed.
False
According to current research, the more money a person makes, the more likely he or she is to be overweight.
False
Combining alcohol with carbonated beverages allows alcohol to be absorbed more slowly by the body than combining it with non-carbonated drinks.
False
From a health standpoint, body weight is more important than body fat percentage.
False
Genital warts are treated with a shot at the site of infection.
False
Going to a bar with a friend when you are trying to quit drinking is an example of effectively controlling your environment.
False
HIV is highly contagious
False
HPV damages the liver.
False
Having an external locus of control means that a person believes that he has control over his behavioral choices.
False
High-risk sexual behavior includes mutual masturbation.
False
Improvements in flexibility can only be made while you are young.
False
In terms of calories burned, basal metabolic rate is higher than resting metabolic rate.
False
It is more difficult to decide to change a behavior than to commit to changing it.
False
Lacto-vegetarians are at high risk for developing vitamin D and B12 deficiencies.
False
Most people who try to stop smoking are successful in their first attempt.
False
Overweight job applicants are hired at the same rate as normal-weight applicants.
False
Short-term stress generally depresses the immune system.
False
When checking your pulse during exercise, you should measure your heart rate for 30 seconds.
False
Winning the approval of someone else is a good reason to change a behavior.
False
According to the UNCW Peer Educators, what are three curable STD's?
Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Chlamydia
________ is the virus that causes AIDS.
HIV
Which of the following statements regarding HSV-2 is true?
HSV-2 can be transmitted to a newborn if the mother is infected
Which of the following statements is true regarding herpes?
Once established, it remains in the body for life
A sequence of exercises performed on a mat or special equipment designed to stretch and strengthen muscles is known as
Pilates
LSD and mescaline are considered to be hallucinogens.
True
Lowering your weight and body fat levels to within recommended ranges will reduce your risk of lower-back pain.
True
Marijuana is the most popular illegal drug used by students.
True
More than 65 million Americans are currently living with an incurable STI.
True
Most "low-carb" foods are highly processed.
True
Nicotine increases blood sugar levels.
True
Non-walkable neighborhoods with no open space for recreation have child obesity rates twice as high as neighborhoods that have those amenities.
True
People on rigid diets tend to have a higher percentage of body fat than people on more flexible plans.
True
If you take either prescription or over-the-counter medications, before exercising you should
ask a physician about potential side effects
Medical treatment extends the ________ stage of HIV.
asymptomatic
Stretching exercise should be performed
at the end of the specific warm-up
People who successfully maintain their weight over time tend to
average an hour of physical activity daily
The maintenance of equilibrium is
balance
The physiological reaction induced by nervous and hormonal signals that readies the heart, muscles, and other organs and systems in ways that promote survival is called
fight or flight response
HDL cholesterol
helps protect against heart disease
A protein that transports oxygen in blood is which of the following?
hemoglobin
Muscles that tend to be tight in most people because of extended sitting are known as ________ muscles.
hip flexor
Researchers think that cortisol and cytokines damage a part of the brain known as the
hippocampus
An example of hypnosis would be
implanting a suggestion to lessen one's phobia of snakes
Changes in flexibility with aging are primarily associated with
inactivity
You have learned that your 12-year-old cousin has been sniffing rubber cement to get high. In this situation, the rubber cement may be classified as a(n)
inhalent
Which of the following is a high-risk behavior for contracting HIV?
living platonically with someone who is HIV-positive
Which of the following is a financial advantage of having a high level of wellness?
lower health care costs
The majority of people who die as a result of environmental tobacco smoke die from
lung cancer
Successful weight loss can be best accomplished by
making small dietary changes over time
Which of the following is high in trans fats?
margarine
Which of the following is a benefit of maintaining a good level of flexibility?
prevention of lower back pain
A stress management technique that identifies muscular tension and releases it one muscle group at a time is called
progressive muscle relaxation
Anabolic steroids are primarily used in an attempt to
promote muscle growth and strength
Which nutrient makes up antibodies that protect us from disease, assists with building and repair of bone and skin, and helps to transport oxygen?
protein
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide is called
respiration
Mentally picturing success in reaching a goal is known as which of the following?
shaping
Problems associated with long-term use of alcohol include
shrinkage in brain size and weight
Resistance training intensity is usually measured by the
size of the muscles when contracted during activity
Which of the following is an example of a habit that fights the negative effects of stress?
sleeping in a quiet, dark room
Being significantly underweight can be related to
smoking
The principle that only the body systems worked during training will show adaptations is known as
specificty
A good source of complex carbohydrate includes
squash
Damage to muscle or tendon fibers due to injury or overtraining is known as
strain
Which of the following activities would burn the highest amount of calories per minute?
swimming
The left ventricle pumps blood to the
systemic circulation
Connective tissues that attach muscle to bone are called
tendons
Activities at the top of the physical activity pyramid represent activities
that you should spend the least amount of time on
All of the following are tools for enhancing flexibility except
the Valsalva maneuver
Small genital warts can usually be treated with
topical drugs
Muscles that are often weak in people who are sedentary or overweight are known as ________ muscles.
trunk flexor
Infections of the urethra or bladder caused by microorganisms are known as
urinary tract infections
The primary infection stage of HIV is characterized by
night sweats
Chemical compounds that supply the energy and raw materials we need to survive are known as
nutrients
Overconsumption of food is often encouraged by
restaurant portion sizes
The principle that states that training levels will decrease towards initial levels when training is stopped is known as
reversibility
A signal of fullness from the body is known as
satiety
The degree to which a person believes in his or her ability to achieve a goal is known as
self efficacy
Which of the following coping mechanisms is most important in determining how you experience stress?
self efficacy
Which of the following characterizes the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome?
the body establishes a new level of homeostasis
People living in crowded urban environments tend to experience the greatest stress from
the high cost of living
People under stress often
use sugar to alter energy levels
An STI (sexually transmitted infection) is a(n) ________ infection spread through intimate contact.
viral or bacterial
A vitamin that increases the absorption of calcium is
vitamin D
Deficiency of what vitamin causes rickets in children?
vitamin D
Which of the following is an action you can take to develop better mental skills for stress management?
worrying constructively
A set of breathing and stretching exercises based on ancient Indian practices is termed
yoga
You are more likely to remain healthy throughout your life if
your body's fat deposits tend to occur around the hips and thighs
The most important factor to keep in mind when losing weight is
your overall percentage of body fat