Adult Health Review Quiz

Clients must contend with chronic illness daily. Nurses relate more effectively to clients when they understand the following as characteristics of chronic illness. Choose all that apply. a- Chronic illness affects the entire family. b- Managing chronic conditions must be a collaborative process. c- Chronic conditions only involve one phase of a person's life. d- Chronic illness involves treating only the medical problems. e- The management of chronic conditions is a process of discovery.

a, b, e

The school nurse notes a 6-year-old running across the playground with his friends. The child stops in mid-stride, freezing for a few seconds. Then the child resumes his progress across the playground. The school nurse suspects what in this child? a- An absence seizure b- A tonic-clonic seizure c- A myoclonic seizure d- A partial seizure

a- An absence seizure

A client is having a tonic-clonic seizure. What should the nurse do first? a- Take measures to prevent injury. b- Restrain the client's arms and legs. c- Elevate the head of the bed. d- Place a tongue blade in the client's mouth.

a- Take measures to prevent injury.

A nurse is preparing to provide care for a client whose exacerbation of ulcerative colitis has required hospital admission. During an exacerbation of this health problem, the nurse would anticipate that the client's stools will have what characteristics? a- Dry and streaked with blood b- Watery with blood and mucus c- Loose with visible fatty streaks d- Hard and black or tarry

b- Watery with blood and mucus

A post op client reports severe abdominal pain. The nurse cannot auscultate bowel sounds and notes the client's abdomen is rigid. What is the nurse's priority action?

call the healthcare provider

A client is diagnosed with a right-sided stroke. The client is now experiencing hemianopsia. How might the nurse help the client manage her potential sensory and perceptional difficulties? a- Keep the lighting in the client's room low. b- Place the client's clock on the affected side. c- Approach the client on the side where vision is impaired. d- Place the client's extremities where she can see them.

d- Place the client's extremities where she can see them.

A patient comes to the clinic for the third time in 2 months with chronic bronchitis. What clinical symptoms does the nurse anticipate assessing for this patient? a- Tachypnea and tachycardia b- Chest pain during respiration c- Fever, chills, and diaphoresis d- Sputum and a productive cough

d- Sputum and a productive cough

When assessing a client's risk for pressure ulcer development, which finding would alert the nurse to an increased risk? Select all that apply. a- Anemia b- Edema c- Diaphoresis d- Constipation e- Sensory overload

a- Anemia b- Edema c- Diaphoresis

The nurse is educating a patient with chronic venous insufficiency about prevention of complications related to the disorder. What should the nurse include in the information given to the patient? (Select all that apply.) a- Elevate the legs above the heart level for 30 minutes every 2 hours. b- Sit as much as possible to rest the valves in the legs. c- Sit on the side of the bed and dangle the feet. d- Avoid constricting garments. e- Sleep with the foot of the bed elevated about 6 inches.

a- Elevate the legs above the heart level for 30 minutes every 2 hours. d- Avoid constricting garments. e- Sleep with the foot of the bed elevated about 6 inches.

A nurse notes that an older female client has lost 2 inches in height since her appointment last year. The client reports lumbar back pain as unchanged. Which of the following would the nurse instructs the client? Select all answers that apply. a- Increase intake of foods that are high in calcium. b- Decrease the frequency of any exercise. c- Obtain the prescribed bone density screening. d- Allow for additional phosphorus intake in her daily diet. e- Take calcium and vitamin D supplements daily.

a- Increase intake of foods that are high in calcium. c- Obtain the prescribed bone density screening. e- Take calcium and vitamin D supplements daily.

What clinical manifestations does the nurse recognize when a patient has had a right hemispheric stroke? a- Left visual field deficit b- Slow, cautious behavior c- Aphasia d- Altered intellectual ability

a- Left visual field deficit

A nurse is giving instructions to a client who's going home with a leg cast. Which teaching point is most critical? a- Reporting signs of impaired circulation b- Avoiding walking on a leg cast without the health care provider's permission c- Exercising joints above and below the cast, as ordered d- Using crutches properly

a- Reporting signs of impaired circulation

A client who suffered a stroke is too weak to move on his own. To help the client maintain skin integrity, the nurse should: a- turn him frequently. b- perform passive range-of-motion (ROM) exercises. c- reduce the client's fluid intake. d- encourage the client to use a footboard.

a- turn him frequently.

A nurse providing education to a community group about hypertension is reviewing appropriate lifestyle modifications. Which of the following are among changes that can help prevent and control hypertension? Choose all that apply. a- Increased intake of dietary protein b- Substitution of low-fat for whole dairy products in diet c- Increased physical activity d- Increased intake of dietary sodium e- Weight reduction

b, c, e

Following a generalized seizure in a client, which nursing assessment is a priority for detailing the event? a- Sleeping quietly after the seizure b- Seizure was 1 minute in duration including tonic-clonic activity. c- The client cried out before the seizure began. d- Seizure began at 1300 hours.

b- Seizure was 1 minute in duration including tonic-clonic activity.

A client comes to the clinic reporting urinary symptoms. Which statement would most likely alert the nurse to suspect benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)? a- "I've had a fever and noticed I've been running to the bathroom more often." b- "I'm waking up at night to urinate and I've noticed some burning, too." c- "I've had trouble getting started when I urinate, often straining to do so." d- "I've had some pain in my lower abdomen lately and felt a bit sick to my stomach."

c- "I've had trouble getting started when I urinate, often straining to do so."

A nurse is communicating with a client who has aphasia after having a stroke. Which action should the nurse take? a- Use one long sentence to say everything that needs to be said. b- Talk in a louder than normal voice. c- Face the client and establish eye contact. d- Keep the television on while she speaks.

c- Face the client and establish eye contact.

The nurse is educating an 80-year-old client diagnosed with heart failure about his medication regimen. What should the nurse to teach this client about the use of oral diuretics? a- Avoid drinking fluids for 2 hours after taking the diuretic. b- Avoid taking the medication within 2 hours consuming dairy products. c- Take the diuretic in the morning to avoid interfering with sleep. d- Take the diuretic only on days when experiencing shortness of breath.

c- Take the diuretic in the morning to avoid interfering with sleep.

A client is following up after a visit to the emergency department where testing indicated that the client had suffered a transient ischemic attack. To prevent the occurrence of a more serious cerebrovascular accident, which lifestyle changes would the neurologist to prescribe? a- smoking cessation b- blood pressure control c-weight loss d- All options are correct.

d- All options are correct.

Which infection control equipment is necessary for the client diagnosed with Clostridium difficile diarrhea? a- Mask b- Face shield c- N-95 respirator d- Gloves

d- Gloves

The nurse is caring for a client who had a hemorrhagic stroke. What assessment finding constitutes an early sign of deterioration? a- generalized pain b- shortness of breath c- tonic-clonic seizures d- alteration in level of consciousness (LOC)

d- alteration in level of consciousness (LOC)

The nurse is preparing health education for a client who is being discharged after hospitalization for a hemorrhagic stroke. What content should the nurse include in this education? a- Take antihypertensive medication as prescribed. b- Take ibuprofen for complaints of a serious headache. c- Drowsiness is normal for the first week after discharge. d- Mild, intermittent seizures can be expected.

a- Take antihypertensive medication as prescribed.

A client who suffered an ischemic stroke now has disturbed sensory perception. What principle should guide the nurse's care of this client? a- The client should be approached on the side where visual perception is intact. b- The client should avoid turning in the direction of the defective visual field to minimize shoulder subluxation. c- The client should be approached on the opposite side of where the visual perception is intact to promote recovery. d- Attention to the affected side should be minimized in order to decrease anxiety.

a- The client should be approached on the side where visual perception is intact.

An older adult develops sudden onset of confusion and is hospitalized. The family expresses concern that their loved one is developing Alzheimer disease. What response by the nurse is most appropriate? a- "What concerns you most about Alzheimer disease?" b- "Several possible underlying factors could be causing the confusion. Alzheimer's usually does not present with sudden confusion." c- "Once the underlying cause of the confusion is found and treated, your loved one will be better than ever." d- "Alzheimer disease can be a great burden on the family. What community resources do you know about?"

b- "Several possible underlying factors could be causing the confusion. Alzheimer's usually does not present with sudden confusion."

A client has been living with a diagnosis of anemia for several years and has experienced recent declines in her hemoglobin levels despite active treatment. What assessment finding would signal complications of anemia? a- Fever and signs of hyperkalemia b- Shortness of breath and peripheral edema c- Venous ulcers and visual disturbances e- Epistaxis and gastroesophageal reflux

b- Shortness of breath and peripheral edema