AEMT Chapters 7 & 8
500 micrograms (µg) is equal to: A. 0.5 mg. B. 0.05 mg. C. 5 mg. D. 0.005 mg.
A. 0.5 mg.
One milliliter (mL) is the equivalent of: A. 1 cubic centimeter. B. 1 cubic deciliter. C. 1 microgram. D. 1 deciliter.
A. 1 cubic centimeter.
Prior to administering oral glucose to your diabetic patient, you look at the dosage, which reads 15g. How many milligrams is this equivalent to? A. 15,000 B. 150,000 C. 1,500 D. 150
A. 15,000
You have been requested to infuse 1,000 mL of lactated ringers over six hours. You have macrodrip (10 gtts/mL) tubing and a 16-gauge IV catheter. At how many drops per minute will you set the IV flow rate? A. 28 B. 22 C. 24 D. 26
A. 28
A microdrip administration set features a small, needle-like orifice inside the drip chamber and delivers: A. 60 gtts/mL. B. 10 gtts/mL. C. 100 gtts/mL. D. 15 gtts/mL.
A. 60 gtts/mL.
What percentage of water accounts for the total body weight? A. 60% B. 80% C. 50% D. 70%
A. 60%
Which of the following formulas is correct for converting a patient's weight in pounds to his or her weight in kilograms? A. Divide the patient's weight in pounds by 2 and subtract 10%. B. Multiply the patient's weight in pounds by 2.2. C. Multiply the patient's weight in pounds by 2. D. Divide the patient's weight in pounds by 2 and add 10%.
A. Divide the patient's weight in pounds by 2 and subtract 10%.
What role does phosphorus play in the body? A. It is an important component in the formation of adenosine triphosphate. B. It is the primary buffer in the body. C. It is responsible for the distribution of water throughout the body. D. It is the principle cation needed for bone development.
A. It is an important component in the formation of adenosine triphosphate.
Because it has accepted medical uses, a low abuse potential, and a limited dependence potential, lorazepam (Ativan) is classified as a: Selected Answer: A. Schedule IV drug B. Schedule I drug C. Schedule III drug D. Schedule II drug
A. Schedule IV drug
You remove the shirt of a patient in cardiac arrest and note an adhesive patch applied to his upper right arm. This medication is MOST likely: A. a fentanyl patch. B. transdermal calamine. C. transcutaneous atropine. D. absorbed glucose.
A. a fentanyl patch.
Factors that can cause an insufficient or absent flow of fluid through an IV line include: A. an IV bag that is placed too low. B. a drip chamber that is half full. C. small air bubbles in the IV line. D. an IV bag that is placed too high.
A. an IV bag that is placed too low.
A form of solid drug that is stored in a gelatin shell filled with liquid or powder is called a: A. capsule. B. suspension. C. tablet. D. solution.
A. capsule.
While eating dinner at a restaurant with his wife, a man remembers that he did not take his antianxiety medication. He immediately begins to experience anxiety and tells his wife that they must leave immediately. This response is typical of: A. dependence. B. tolerance. C. potentiation. D. synergism.
A. dependence.
A hypertonic solution is one that: A. draws fluid and electrolytes out of the cell. B. has a minimal risk of causing overhydration. C. causes no shift in fluid on either side of the cell. D. pulls fluid and electrolytes into the cell.
A. draws fluid and electrolytes out of the cell.
The removal of particles from a solution by allowing the liquid portion to pass through a membrane or other partial barrier is called: A. filtration. B. diffusion. C. bioavailability. D. osmosis.
A. filtration
A potential complication of intraosseous infusion is compartment syndrome. This occurs when: Selected Answer: A. fluid leaks out of the bone and into the osteofascial compartment. B. swelling occurs within the canal of the bone and compromises circulation. C. fluid leaks out of the bone and engorges the veins in proximity to the bone. D. medication is trapped within the bone canal and causes local destruction.
A. fluid leaks out of the bone and into the osteofascial compartment.
The original chemical name of a drug, which is not capitalized, and is suggested by the drug's first manufacturer is called the: A. generic name. B. off-brand name. C. official name. D. trade name.
A. generic name.
A solution that results in water flowing into a cell, causing it to burst, is referred to as being: A. hypotonic. B. isotonic. C. hyperosmolar. D. hypertonic.
A. hypotonic.
The function of a drug or the particular action of a drug on an organism is called: A. mechanism of action. B. pharmacology. C. the drug classification. D. an indication.
A. mechanism of action.
To calculate a drug dosage, you must know the weight of the drug present in each: A. milliliter. B. deciliter. C. liter. D. dekaliter.
A. milliliter.
Other than oxygen, prior to administering any medication to a patient, you must take standard precautions and then: Selected Answer: A. perform a careful assessment of the patient. B. administer the medication as soon as possible. C. determine the patient's family medical history. D. check the expiration date of the medication.
A. perform a careful assessment of the patient.
A glass drug cartridge and syringe are components of a/an: A. prefilled syringe. B. Mix-o-Vial. C. vial. D. ampule.
A. prefilled syringe.
As an AEMT, which of the following medications would you be allowed to administer to a patient? A. Lidocaine B. Epinephrine C. Atropine D. Vasopressin
B. Epinephrine
A 50-year-old patient complains of abdominal muscle cramps and spasms of his hands. Which of the following electrolyte disturbances does this patient MOST likely have? A. Hyperkalemia B. Hypocalcemia C. Hypercalcemia D. Hypernatremia
B. Hypocalcemia
Which of the following steps for drawing medication from a vial is NOT necessary when drawing medication from an ampule? A. Expelling air bubbles from the syringe prior to giving the drug. B. Injecting air into the container before withdrawing the drug. C. Checking the expiration date and clarity of the drug. D. Looking at the container to ensure the appropriate concentration.
B. Injecting air into the container before withdrawing the drug.
Which of the following medications are typically administered via the subcutaneous route? A. Epinephrine and glucose B. Insulin and epinephrine C. Glucose and insulin D. Nitroglycerin and insulin
B. Insulin and epinephrine
Which of the following statements regarding subcutaneous injections is correct? A. Volumes of less than 10 mL are usually given by the subcutaneous route. B. Subcutaneous injections are usually given with a 24-gauge to 26-gauge needle C. The needle is inserted at a 90° angle when giving a subcutaneous injection. D. The deltoid muscle is the most common location for a subcutaneous injection.
B. Subcutaneous injections are usually given with a 24-gauge to 26-gauge needle
Which of the following statements regarding medication administration in pediatric patients is correct? A. Most pediatric patients take several medications, which may interact with each other and produce negative physiologic effects. B. The products of metabolism in children can vary from those seen in adults, which may sometimes result in unexpected responses. C. It is important to remember that the doses of all medications are based on a child's age rather than his or her weight and body mass. D. Infants and children have an inherently slower metabolic rate than adults, so they require larger doses of most medications.
B. The products of metabolism in children can vary from those seen in adults, which may sometimes result in unexpected responses.
Which of the following is NOT a crystalloid? A. Normal saline B. Whole blood C. Five percent dextrose in water D. Lactated ringers
B. Whole blood
A parasympatholytic drug blocks the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system by: A. antagonizing sympathetic receptors and blocking the release of epinephrine. B. binding to receptors and blocking the release of acetylcholine. C. increasing the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. D. agonizing parasympathetic receptors so they may exert their effect.
B. binding to receptors and blocking the release of acetylcholine.
Atropine increases the heart rate by: A. blocking the release of norepinephrine. B. blocking the vagus nerve and preventing innervation by ACh. C. agonizing the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system. D. increasing sympathetic nervous system discharge.
B. blocking the vagus nerve and preventing innervation by ACh.
Perfusion occurs in the capillaries as a result of __________ hydrostatic pressures and __________ in the capillary beds. A. high, diffusion B. high, osmosis C. low, diffusion D. low, osmosis
B. high, osmosis
__________ fluid accounts for approximately 16% of the body's total weight. A. extracellular B. interstitial C. intravascular D. intracellular
B. interstitial
Compared to a 16-gauge catheter, a 22-gauge catheter would be more appropriate for an elderly patient because: A. the risk of catheter shear is much lower. B. it reduces the risk of fluid extravasation. C. larger fluid volumes can be administered. D. it more easily penetrates their tough skin.
B. it reduces the risk of fluid extravasation.
When choosing an IV site on an elderly patient, you should: A. cannulate a sclerosed vein since it is less likely to infiltrate. B. know that varicose veins allow minimal circulation. C. always cannulate veins in the antecubital fossa. D. choose a vein that weaves back and forth.
B. know that varicose veins allow minimal circulation.
Following administration of an amiodarone bolus, your paramedic partner begins a continuous infusion. This is necessary in order to: A. decrease the therapeutic index of the medication. B. maintain a therapeutic blood level of the drug. C. slow excretion of the drug by the renal system. D. ensure clearance of the drug from the body.
B. maintain a therapeutic blood level of the drug.
While reading the package insert that accompanies a medication, you note that it has been assigned a pregnancy category D. This means that: A. risk of adverse effects has clearly been demonstrated in humans; therefore, the drug should not be administered to pregnant women. B. risk to the human fetus has been demonstrated; however, administration of the drug may outweigh the risk of potential adverse effects in certain circumstances. C. studies in animals have demonstrated adverse effects; however, studies have not been conducted in humans. D. studies in animals have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus; however, adequate studies have not been performed in humans.
B. risk to the human fetus has been demonstrated; however, administration of the drug may outweigh the risk of potential adverse effects in certain circumstances.
When administered to a normally hydrated patient, normal saline will: A. cause fluid to shift out of the cell. B. stay in the intravascular space. C. cause fluid to shift into the cell. D. engorge the intracellular space.
B. stay in the intravascular space.
If used in pediatric patients, butterfly catheters are commonly placed in the: A. antecubital vein. B. veins of the scalp. C. back of the hand. D. anterior forearm.
B. veins of the scalp.
When administering a medication via the intranasal route with a mucosal atomizer device, it is important to remember that: A. it will absorb slower than if given via intramuscular injection. B. you must spray half of the medication dose into each nostril. C. the patient must be conscious for this route to be effective. D. at least half of the drug must be diluted in normal saline.
B. you must spray half of the medication dose into each nostril.
Which of the following represents a "standard" drug dose? A. 0.5 g/kg B. 0.25 mg/kg C. 1 mg D. 1 mg/kg
C. 1 mg
How many grams are present in 25 mL of 50% dextrose (D50)? A. 6.25 g B. 50 g C. 12.5 g D. 25 g
C. 12.5 g
You respond to an apartment complex for an unconscious male. When you arrive, the patient's friend tells you that he overdosed on heroin. Following your local protocol, you administer 2 mg of naloxone. You have 1 mL ampules of naloxone that contain 0.4 mg per ampule. How many ampules will you have to use? A. 4 B. 2 C. 5 D. 1
C. 5
What is the approximate weight in kilograms of a 155 lb patient? A. 74 kg B. 76 kg C. 70 kg D. 72 kg
C. 70 kg
A 70-year-old man presents with generalized weakness and dizziness. His blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg when he is sitting, 96/56 mm Hg when he is standing. His heart rate is 120 beats/min and his skin is flushed and dry. What is the MOST likely cause of this patient's signs and symptoms? A. Kidney failure B. Overhydration C. Dehydration D. Liver failure
C. Dehydration
In addition to administering supplemental oxygen, what is the MOST appropriate management for a patient with circulatory overload caused by excessive IV fluid administration?: A. Lateral recumbent position, event documented B. Head lowered, medical control notified C. Head elevated, medical control notified D. Trendelenburg's position, event documented
C. Head elevated, medical control notified
You are unable to establish an IV on a critically injured conscious patient. What route should you use for gaining vascular access? A. Intramuscular B. Subcutaneous C. Intraosseous D. Intradermal
C. Intraosseous
Which of the following formulas would you use to convert a larger unit of weight to a smaller one? A. Divide the smaller unit of weight by 1,000. B. Move the decimal point 3 places to the left. C. Multiply the larger unit of weight by 1,000. D. Move the decimal point 4 places to the right.
C. Multiply the larger unit of weight by 1,000.
A 37-year-old male with chronic anxiety finds that he has to take more of his antianxiety medication to achieve the same effect. What is this called? A. Habituation B. Potentiation C. Tolerance D. Synergism
C. Tolerance
The sympathetic nervous system is also known as the: A. sympatholytic nervous system. B. parasympatholytic nervous system. C. adrenergic nervous system. D. cholinergic nervous system.
C. adrenergic nervous system.
When an IV line is not available, glucose should be administered to a conscious patient via the __________ route. A. sublingual B. rectal C. buccal D. transdermal
C. buccal
After inserting an IV catheter into a vein, you should: A. decrease the angle of the catheter to 45° and insert the catheter 1" farther. B. increase the angle of the catheter to 90° and insert the catheter a few mm farther. C. decrease the angle of the catheter to 15° and insert the catheter a few mm farther. D. keep the angle of the catheter at 45° and slide the catheter off the needle.
C. decrease the angle of the catheter to 15° and insert the catheter a few mm farther.
A mixture of two liquids that are not mutually soluble is called a/an: A. elixir. B. suspension. C. emulsion. D. solution.
C. emulsion.
Signs and symptoms of an air embolus include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. respiratory distress. B. oxygen-refractory cyanosis. C. facial flushing. D. tachycardia.
C. facial flushing.
Compared to drugs such as phenobarbital and diazepam (Valium), heroin: A. has a low abuse potential and a limited dependence potential. B. has acceptable medical uses in certain circumstances. C. has a much higher potential for abuse and dependence. D. is a Schedule II drug and has no medical application.
C. has a much higher potential for abuse and dependence.
A solution that has a greater concentration of sodium than does the cell is referred to as being: A. isotonic. B. hypotonic. C. hypertonic. D. hyperosmolar.
C. hypertonic.
You are preparing to administer a medication to a pregnant patient. You read the medication information and note that, according to the FDA, it is a "Category X" drug. A. ensure that an antidote is available. B. administer half of the normal dose. C. not administer the drug to the patient. D. administer the medication as usual.
C. not administer the drug to the patient.
The study of the properties and effects of medications on the body is called: A. pharmacodynamics. B. pharmacokinetics. C. pharmacology. D. toxicology.
C. pharmacology.
Nitroglycerin relaxes vascular smooth muscle, dilates the coronary arteries, and relieves cardiac chest pain. These properties of nitroglycerin are called: A. idiosyncratic effects. B. contraindications. C. therapeutic effects. D. side effects.
C. therapeutic effects.
Which of the following IV catheters would deliver the largest volume of fluid? A. 1 ¼" 20-gauge catheter B. 2 ¼" 16-gauge catheter C. 2 ¼" 18-gauge catheter D. 1 ¼" 14-gauge catheter
D. 1 ¼" 14-gauge catheter
A severely injured patient has lost approximately 750 mL of blood. What is the appropriate volume of crystalloid solution to administer to the patient? A. 1,500 mL B. 1,000 mL C. 750 mL D. 2,250 mL
D. 2,250 mL
A 40-year-old female requires a medication to decrease her heart rate. The medication to be administered is supplied in a prefilled syringe in a concentration of 6 mg/2 mL. How many milliliters are required to achieve a dose of 12 mg? A. 8 mL B. 6 mL C. 2 mL D. 4 mL
D. 4 mL
A 17-year-old female is experiencing a mild asthma attack. You auscultate her lungs and hear expiratory wheezing. In addition to oxygen, which of the following classifications of medication would be indicated for this patient? A. Beta blocker B. Sympatholytic C. Alpha-1 antagonist D. Beta-2 agonist
D. Beta-2 agonist
Which of the following electrolytes determines whether or not the body is acidotic or alkalotic? A. Calcium B. Phosphorus C. Sodium D. Bicarbonate
D. Bicarbonate
Which of the following is NOT a physiologic effect of sympathetic nervous system stimulation? A. Reduced digestion B. Vasoconstriction C. Dilated pupils D. Decreased heart rate
D. Decreased heart rate
What is the mechanism of aspirin when given to a patient who is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction? A. Decreases swelling around the infarct site. B. Increases local vasoconstriction and increases BP C. Blocks the body's plasminogen system. D. Decreases platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
D. Decreases platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
Which of the following drugs dissolves a thrombus and prevents it from entering the bloodstream? A. Antiplatelet B. Diuretic C. Anticoagulant D. Fibrinolytic
D. Fibrinolytic
A patient with congestive heart failure requires medication administration. Which of the following IV solutions would be MOST appropriate to use? A. Lactated ringers B. An isotonic colloid C. Normal saline D. Five percent dextrose in water
D. Five percent dextrose in water
Although painful and difficult to manage, what is the location of choice for starting IVs in pediatric patients? A. Antecubital vein B. Foot vein C. Forearm vein D. Hand vein
D. Hand vein
Which of the following medication routes will provide the MOST rapid rate of absorption? A. Subcutaneous B. Transdermal C. Intramuscular D. Intraosseous
D. Intraosseous
__________ solutions provide a stable medium for the administration of medications and provide effective fluid and electrolyte replacement. A. Hypotonic B. Colloid C. Hypertonic D. Isotonic
D. Isotonic
Which of the following statements regarding a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is correct? A. An MDI is typically prescribed to patients with cardiac chest pain. B. It delivers varying doses of the medication each time it is used. C. MDIs must not be shaken as this may decrease drug effectiveness. D. It administers the same dose of medication each time it is used.
D. It administers the same dose of medication each time it is used.
A 29-year-old female experiences shortness of breath, urticaria, and bilateral wheezing shortly after you started an IV of normal saline. How should you manage this situation? A. Change the IV tubing and continue the IV. B. Discontinue the IV and remove the catheter. C. Place her on her left side with her head down. D. Leave the catheter in place and remove the solution.
D. Leave the catheter in place and remove the solution.
Which of the following medications could be administered via the intranasal route with a mucosal atomizer device? A. Epinephrine B. Nitrostat C. Glucagon D. Naloxone
D. Naloxone
What is the term used to describe the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a drug? A. Pharmacodynamics B. Pharmacology C. Pharmaceuticals D. Pharmacokinetics
D. Pharmacokinetics
A 78-year-old female takes several medications every day, each one for a different condition. What is this an example of? A. Drug dependence B. Potentiation C. Summation D. Polypharmacy
D. Polypharmacy
An over-the-needle catheter is commonly referred to as a/an: A. butterfly catheter. B. arteriocath. C. intracath. D. angiocat
D. angiocat
You have attempted to cannulate a vein in a patient's hand; however, shortly after inserting the IV catheter, the vein infiltrates. You should: A. reattempt to cannulate the same vein when the swelling subsides. B. search for a vein in the opposite extremity. C. attempt to cannulate the distal part of the same vein. D. look for a vein that is proximal to the infiltrated vein.
D. look for a vein that is proximal to the infiltrated vein.
The term applied to the practice of preventing contamination of the patient when performing an invasive procedure is called: A. sterile technique. B. universal precautions. C. standard precautions. D. medical asepsis.
D. medical asepsis.
The liver performs synthetic reactions that yield inactive products called: A. hormones. B. byproducts. C. ions. D. metabolites.
D. metabolites.
You are attempting to start an IV in a vein on the back of your patient's hand. As you insert the catheter, the patient complains of sudden, severe shooting pain followed by numbness in the extremity. You should: A. lift the IV catheter to a 45° angle. B. carefully continue with the venipuncture. C. assure the patient the symptoms are normal. D. remove the catheter and choose another site.
D. remove the catheter and choose another site.
Following insertion of a needle into a patient's skin to administer an intramuscular injection, you pull back on the plunger and note the presence of blood in the syringe. You should: A. advance the needle 1 cm further and administer the drug. B. administer the medication since this is a normal finding. C. slightly withdraw the needle and administer the drug. D. remove the needle and apply pressure to the site.
D. remove the needle and apply pressure to the site.
Medical control has ordered your paramedic partner, via two-way radio, to administer 40 mg of Lasix to a patient with congestive heart failure. You should anticipate that your partner will first: A. administer the medication and document the time and dose. B. determine the concentration of Lasix. C. document the order on her patient care form. D. repeat the drug order to the physician as she heard it.
D. repeat the drug order to the physician as she heard it.
When administering a medication via the intramuscular route, you should: A. pinch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 90° angle. B. stretch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 45° angle. C. pinch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 45° angle. D. stretch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 90° angle.
D. stretch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 90° angle.
During an attempted resuscitation of a 9-year-old boy in cardiac arrest, your paramedic partner asks you to prepare epinephrine in a dose of 0.01 mg/kg. The child's mother tells you that he weighs approximately 65 pounds. You have a prefilled syringe of epinephrine containing 1 mg in 10 mL. How many milliliters should be administered to this child? A. 3 mL B. 4 mL C. 3.5 mL D. 4.5 mL
A. 3 mL
You are transporting an elderly man to the hospital because of complications associated with his congestive heart failure. Approximately 20 minutes after starting an IV of normal saline on the patient, he begins to complain of shortness of breath. You auscultate his lungs and hear rales in all lung fields. What should you do? A. Check the flow rate of the IV line. B. Place the patient in a supine position. C. Assess him for internal hemorrhage. D. Immediately discontinue the IV.
A. Check the flow rate of the IV line.
The concentration of sodium in the cells of the body is approximately: A. 9.0%. B. 0.9%. C. 0.225%. D. 0.45%.
B. 0.9%
The MOST appropriate administration set to use for a patient who requires rapid fluid replacement is one that delivers 1 mL of IV fluid per: A. 20 drops. B. 10 drops. C. 60 drops. D. 15 drops.
B. 10 drops.
You have a prefilled syringe containing 25g of dextrose in 50 mL of volume. How many milligrams of dextrose are present in each milliliter? A. 2500 mg B. 500 mg C. 5000 mg D. 0.5 mg
B. 500 mg
What is an enteral drug? A. A drug that is given to patients with severe diarrhea. B. Any drug that is administered along any portion of the GI tract. C. A drug that is administered via the oral route only. D. Any drug that is administered via the intravenous route.
B. Any drug that is administered along any portion of the GI tract.
You respond to a residence where a 5-year-old male has ingested an unknown substance. Upon arrival at the scene, the child's mother tells you that her son swallowed approximately 20 Tylenol capsules. What is the MOST logical way of determining how much this child weighs? A. Use a length-based resuscitation tape. B. Ask the mother if she knows the weight of her son. C. Determine the child's weight based on his height. D. Estimate the child's weight based on his age.
B. Ask the mother if she knows the weight of her son.
Which of the following statements regarding intraosseous infusion is correct? A. Manual IO insertion is performed by approaching the bone at a 45° angle. B. Compared to an IV line, fluid does not flow well into the bone because of resistance C. The incidence of osteomyelitis is high following intraosseous infusion. D. Intraosseous needles consist of a solid boring needle inside a hollow Teflon catheter
B. Compared to an IV line, fluid does not flow well into the bone because of resistance
What is the difference between a crystalloid and a colloid solution? A. Crystalloids contain large protein molecules. B. Crystalloids do not contain large protein molecules. C. Colloids rapidly move from the vascular space. D. Colloids poorly expand the vascular compartment.
B. Crystalloids do not contain large protein molecules.
Which of the following is the MOST significant complication associated with IV therapy in geriatric patients? A. Easily infiltrated veins. B. Fluid overloading. C. Massive hematoma. D. Fluid extravasation.
B. Fluid overloading.
An intraosseous line should be inserted in a critical patient if: A. you cannot establish IV access within three minutes. B. IV access is unsuccessful after three attempts. C. you cannot readily see a visible peripheral vein. D. the patient will require a whole blood transfusion.
B. IV access is unsuccessful after three attempts.
An important neurotransmitter in the parasympathetic nervous system is: A. dopamine. B. acetylcholine. C. norepinephrine. D. epinephrine.
B. acetylcholine.
Third spacing is defined as: A. a loss of body water caused by severe vomiting or diarrhea. B. a collection of blood within the liver, spleen, or pancreas. C. an abnormal fluid shift into the serous linings of the body. D. cellular destruction secondary to a massive influx of water.
C. an abnormal fluid shift into the serous linings of the body.
When starting an IV on an elderly patient, you should be aware that: A. larger IV catheters minimize the risk of extravasation. B. varicose veins are often the easiest veins to cannulate. C. certain medications can create fragile skin and veins. D. the patient's skin is often thick and difficult to punctu
C. certain medications can create fragile skin and veins.
A 52-year-old man complains of chest pressure. He is diaphoretic and has a blood pressure of 110/90 mm Hg. He has a prescription for nitroglycerin (NTG), but has not taken any. After administering oxygen to the patient you should: A. continue oxygen and transport the patient to the hospital. B. give 1 NTG dose and contact medical control. C. contact medical control for permission to administer the NTG. D. administer up to 3 NTG doses and reassess his BP.
C. contact medical control for permission to administer the NTG.
A solution that hydrates the cells while depleting the vascular compartment is referred to as being: A. isotonic. B. hyperosmolar. C. hypotonic. D. hypertonic.
C. hypotonic.
An anion is an: A. electrolyte with a neutral charge. B. ion with both a negative and positive charge. C. ion with an overall negative charge. D. ion with an overall positive charge.
C. ion with an overall negative charge.
An example of intravascular fluid is: A. cerebrospinal fluid. B. intraocular fluid. C. plasma. D. amniotic fluid.
C. plasma.
The enhancement or action of one drug by another drug is called: A. serum sickness. B. synergism. C. potentiation. D. summation.
C. potentiation.
A drug's therapeutic index refers to: A. how quickly the drug will be excreted from the body. B. the minimum dose required to achieve the desired effect. C. the difference between a therapeutic and lethal dose. D. the maximum concentration that can safely be given.
C. the difference between a therapeutic and lethal dose.
Before you can calculate an IV drip rate, you must know all of the following information, EXCEPT: A. amount of fluid to deliver. B. the drop factor of the administration set. C. the gauge of the IV catheter you will use. D. length of time of the infusion.
C. the gauge of the IV catheter you will use.
Major cations in the body include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. sodium. B. potassium. C. calcium. D. bicarbonate.
D. bicarbonate.
An ion that has an overall positive charge is called a/an: A. buffer. B. electrolyte. C. anion. D. cation.
D. cation
After starting an IV on a patient in shock, the AEMT accidentally gets stuck with the IV needle. This is referred to as a/an: A. infectious exposure. B. disease contraction. C. communicable stick. D. contaminated stick.
D. contaminated stick.
Compounds or charges concentrated on one side of a cell membrane will move across it to an area of lower concentration to maintain balance on both sides of the cell wall. This process is called: A. osmosis. B. filtration. C. active transport. D. diffusion.
D. diffusion.
Substances that become charged particles when they disassociate in water are called: A. permeable cells. B. inorganic molecules. C. organic molecules. D. electrolytes.
D. electrolytes.
