Anaphy Muscular System
Which movement is opposite to abduction?
adduction
What is covered by the endomysium?
an individual muscle cell
What type of exercise causes increase in muscle size?
anaerobic exercise
Anaerobic glycolysis requires ________ to make ATP.
both oxygen and glucose
A nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling or blowing a trumpet called the ________.
buccinator
What mineral is released within muscle cells to trigger contraction?
calcium
Striated involuntary muscle tissue is classified as ________ muscle
cardiac
The arrangement of fascicles in orbicularis oris is ________.
circular
What term refers to a smooth, sustained contraction?
complete tetanus
Muscle tissue has the ability to shorten when adequately stimulated, a characteristic known as ________.
contractility
ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) is a disease that results in progressive paralysis. While the ultimate cause is unknown, __________ is the direct cause of the paralysis.
degeneration of motor neurons
Sandra is playing the piano for her recital. Which muscle is NOT involved in the movement of her hands and/or fingers?
extensor digitorum longus
Which of these muscles is named for the arrangement of its fascicles?
external oblique
A smooth, sustained contraction, with no evidence of relaxation, is called
fused, or complete, tetanus
Skeletal muscle, as a whole, can generate different amounts of force, and different degrees of shortening, in response to stimuli. What is this concept called?
graded response
Contractions in which muscles shorten and produce movement are known as ________.
isotonic contractions
What is the main function of the quadriceps group?
knee extension
What metabolic waste accumulates in muscle with excessive exertion?
lactic acid
Which consists of two large, flat muscles that cover the lower back?
latissimus dorsi
Which one of the following is NOT a criterion generally used in naming muscles?
method of attachment of the muscle to bone
A motor neuron and all of the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates are termed a ________.
motor unit
What muscles acts as a synergist to masseter and closes the jaw?
temporalis
Jason injured his hamstring muscle group during football practice. He will be unable to perform ________.
thigh extension and knee flexion
Which facial muscle is considered the "smiling" muscle since it raises the corners of the mouth?
zygomaticus
What changes occur in the sarcomere during muscle contraction?
Z discs move closer together.
While doing "jumping jacks" during an exercise class, your arms and legs move laterally away from the midline of your body. This motion is called ________.
abduction
Which term does NOT describe smooth muscle cells?
skeletal
