Anatomy 1 final review questions

Red blood cells survive around _____ days

120

Movement of a substance from an area of low concentration to one that is higher is known as

Active transport

Antibodies are defense substances produces by the _____

B-lymphocytes

From deep to superficial, the order of the strata of epidermis is

Basale-spinosum-granulosum-lucidum-corneum

Which of the following statements accurately describe the organization of structure?

Organs are made of tissues, which are made up of cells, which are made of organelles and molecules

Which statement accurately describes isomers?

They have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

What is the name of the enzymes that remove the neurotransmitter out of the synapse during muscle relaxation?

acetylcholinesterase

What's the I band of the sarcomere made of?

actin

the muscle that cause an action is the

agonist

Phqgocytic class of the alveolus are the

alveolar macrophages

Phospholipids are best describes as

amphipathic

The red blood cells of type AB blood have on their surfaces

antigens A and B

The type of gland that secretes sweat into a hair follicle that is found in the axillary, anal, and genital region is the _ sweat gland

apocrine

The structure responsible for pulling on the follicle and causing "goose bumps" is the

arrestor pili muscle

The head, neck, and trunk make up the _ region of the body

axial

Osteoclast are____, whereas osteocytes are_______

bone-dissolving cells; mature bone cells

Fluid-filled sacs that cushion synovial joints are called

bursae

In compact bone, ____ connect adjacent lacunae, thereby providing pathways for nutrients and other materials to pass between osteocytes

canaliculi

An organic compound always contains

carbon and hydrogen

The category of reactions in which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones is known as

catabolism

Transverse foramina are found in _____ vertebrae

cervical

The primary structure of a protein molecule is the result of

covalent bonds

According to Boyle's law, the pressure of a gas _________ if the volume of its container increases.

decreases

These junctions hold adjacent cells together and provide resistance to mechanical stress

desmosome

the outer lining of the heart is

epicardium

the connective tissue coverings of a skeletal muscle, listed from superficial to deep, are

epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium

The clinical definition of the hematocrit refers to the percentage of

erythrocytes in blood

Gomphoses are joints that are classified as

fibrous joints and synarthroses

When the body is placed in the anatomical position, you can best see the mediastinum with a _ view

frontal

The type of exocrine gland in which the entire cell disintegrates, dumping any accumulated products, is the _ gland

holocrine

The urinary bladder is found in which abdominopelvic region

hypogastric

Electrolytes are substances that

ionize in water

what structure prevents food and drink from entering the trachea, conducts air, and produces sound?

larynx

Arrange the following from largest to smallest for the divisions of the lung

lobes, bronchopulmonary segments, lobules, alveoil

The radius and humerus are classified as

long

the serous fluid within the pericardial cavity works to

lubricate membranes of the pericrdium

Which of the following serve to increase the surface area of a cell for absorption and secretion?

microvilli

which is in the correct order from largest to smallest?

muscle, fascicles, muscle fibers, myofibrils, myofilaments

what structures are used by both the respiratory and digestive systems?

oropharynx and laryngopharynx

Which is a passive transport process?

osmosis

The heart valves

permit the passage of blood in one direction

what is the function of the cribriform foramina

permits passages of the olfactory nerves

The pleural cavity is the

potential space between the two serous membranes surrounding a lung

the function of melanin in the skin is to

protect against UV light

endochondral ossification _______, whereas intramembranous ossification ______

replies hyaline cartilage; replaces undifferentiated connective tissue in sheets

what tissue is incorrectly matched with its location?

reticular connective tissue; nose

The ____ had the thinnest wall because it pumps blood to the _____

right ventricle; lungs

The last part of interphase is called

second gap phase

Activites such as distance swimming and distance running are most likely to stimulate development of

slow fatigue-resistant fibers

Which of the following best describes a characteristic of nervous tissue?

some of its cells and electrochemical messages

chose the correct pathway that blood flows through in the upper limb arteries

subclavian- axillary- brachial- ulnar and radial

The number of neutrons in an atom can be determined by

subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass

Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic

systemic circuit

Ionic bonds involve

the attraction between anions and cations

In a first-class lever

the fulcrum is in the middle, between the effort and the resistance

Which of the following organs is in the thoracic cavity

the lungs

lines of cleavage are a result of

the orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis

Two thieves steal jewelry, and then drop it as they are escaping. The police recover the jewelry, and an officer explains on the evening news that fingerprints were obtained from the back of a watch. The thieves, whose prints are not on file, believe that they can escape prosecution by using a bit of acid to remove the epidermis on their fingerpads, so as not to be a match for the fingerprints on the watch. They are wrong because

the prints arise from friction ridges of the dermis, which are not destroyed

The main function of serous fluid is

to serve as a lubricant

In arteries the thickest layer of the wall is the

tunic media

Triglycerides that contain one or more double covalent bonds between carbon atoms of their fatty acids are called:

unsaturated fats

Which membrane is closest to the heart muscle?

visceral pericardium

Which of the following must the human body obtain from the environment in order to survive?

water

typically, an adults body contains ______

5 liters

How many pair of ribs are true ribs that articulate with the sternum

7