Anatomy & Physiology class II HW4
What are the two major divisions of the human skeleton?
Axial and appendicular
The right and left pelvic girdle along with the sacrum and coccyx form the what?
Pelvis
What part of the long bone is a source of osteoblasts?
Periosteum
All of the following bones are found only in the ankle and foot except which one?
Phalanges
What term below describes the shaft of the long bone?
Diaphysis
What part of the sternum can be broken during CPR?
Xyphoid process
What type of bone marrow is found in the cavity of mature long bones?
Yellow
What are sinuses lined with?
Mucous membranes
Osteoblasts perform all of the following functions except which one?
Osteoblasts break down bone when necessary.
All of the following are abnormal curvatures of the spine except which one?
Osteoporosis
What allows the ribs to attach to the thoracic vertebrae?
Costal facets
All of the following are types of ribs except which one?
Costal ribs
Which type of vertebrae has costal facets?
Thoracic
Which bone articulates with the femur at the knee?
Tibia
All of the following bones are flat bones except which one?
Vertebra
How many thoracic vertebrae are in the spinal column?
12
How many lumbar vertebrae are in the spinal column?
5
How many cervical vertebrae are in the spinal column?
7
All of the following are functions of the sternum except which one?
A protective plate for the lungs
Which statement about red bone marrow is false?
Red marrow is found in the cavity of long bones.
Which type of synovial joint has concave surfaces of the bones that articulate with one another?
Saddle
What is the most common abnormal curvature of the spine?
Scoliosis
Which of the following lists the number of each type of vertebrae correctly?
Seven cervical vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar vertebrae, one sacrum, and one coccyx
Tarsal bones are bones of the what?
The ankle and foot
Which of the following describes the periosteum?
The fibrous covering of the diaphysis
Which statement correctly describes the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle?
The pectoral girdle bones attach the arm bones to the axial skeleton while the pelvic girdle bones attach the leg bones to the axial skeleton.
What structure protects the pituitary gland?
The sella turcica
Which gland secrets calcitonin?
Thyroid gland
Which function is directly related to the fact that the skeletal system is a mineral reservoir?
Electrolyte balance
Which bones are long bones of the forearm?
Radius and ulna
Which of the following is not a feature of compact bone?
Trabeculae
What is the proximal long bone of the arm?
Humerus
What type of cartilage covers the ends of long bones?
Hyaline cartilage
What type of bone is a vertebra?
Irregular bone
Which term describes an exaggerated curvature of the lumbar vertebrae?
Lordosis
Which statement is false regarding the hyoid bone?
The hyoid bone is attached to the mandible.
Starting at the superior end of the spinal column, name the type of vertebrae in order.
Cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx
Which two bones connect the arm to the axial skeleton?
Clavicle and scapula
What type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral disks?
Fibrocartilage
What is the name of the large opening in the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord to exit the cranial cavity?
Foramen magnum
Which of the following bones are located in the hand?
Metacarpals
Which type of joint has a joint cavity?
Synovial joint
All of the following bones are part of the axial skeleton except which one?
Bones of the leg
What is a sinus?
Cavities within the bone
What are osteoclasts?
Cells that break down bone
What are osteoblasts?
Cells that build bone
What type of vertebrae are the axis and the atlas?
Cervical
All of the following are functions of the skeletal system except which one?
Communication
What type of bone is dense and highly organized?
Compact bone
What is the relationship between bone deposition and bone reabsorption in people 45 and older?
Deposition < Reabsorption
What type of cartilage is found in the pinna of the ear and in the epiglottis of the throat?
Elastic cartilage
Which statement correctly describes kyphosis?
Exaggerated abnormal curvature of the thoracic vertebrae
What is the proximal long bone of the leg?
Femur
All of the following are functions of the mucous membrane lining of the sinuses except which one?
Fill the sinus with air
Which of the following is not a cranial bone?
Foramen
Which of the following bones is not a facial bone?
Frontal
What is the function of hydroxyapatite in bone?
Harden the matrix.
What must be present for calcium to be absorbed from the small intestine?
Calcitriol
All of the following are functions of parathyroid hormone except which one?
Causes osteoblasts to deposit bone, reducing blood calcium levels
Which of the following is the function of calcitonin?
Causes osteoblasts to deposit bone, reducing blood calcium levels
