Anatomy and Physiology Exam 1 review

Which of the following is/are needed to form a triglyceride molecule? glycerol

1 glycerol + 3 fatty acid molecules

Which pH is closest to normal blood pH?

7

Which of the following statements about water is not correct?It has a relatively low heat capacity.

It has a relatively low heat capacity.

When two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis,

a disaccharide is formed.

If a substance has a pH that is greater than 7, it is

alkaline

A chemical imbalance in the blood can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that?

all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent

A(n) ________ removes hydrogen ions, and a(n) ________ releases hydrogen ions.

base; acid

An excess of hydrogen ions in the body fluids can have fatal results because this can

block ion movements, change the shape of large complex molecules, rendering them nonfunctional, and disrupt tissue functions.

All fatty acids contain a functional group at one end called the ________ group.

carboxyl

What is one of the major functions of the lymphoid system?

defense against infection and disease

The wrist is _____________ to the elbow

distal

During ionization, water molecules disrupt the ionic bonds of a salt to produce a mixture of ions. These ions can carry a current and so are called

electrolytes.

Which tissue type lines the inner surfaces of the blood vessels and heart?

epithelial tissue

A polysaccharide that is formed in muscle cells to store glucose is

glycogen

What is defined as a sheath of water molecules around an ion in solution?

hydration sphere

Oppositely charged ions in solution are prevented from combining by

hydration spheres.

Sucrose undergoes which type of reaction to produce glucose and fructose?

hydrolysis

Protection from environmental hazards is a function of the ________ system.

integumentary

Fructose

is a hexose, is found in fruits, is an isomer of glucose.

Which term refers to moving away from the body's midline?"

lateral

Which organ system functions in defense against infection and disease?

lymphatic

If a response decreases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.

negative

The ________ of a solution is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration expressed in moles per liter.

pH

Which has the greater concentration of hydrogen ions, a substance with a pH of 5 or a substance with a pH of 4?

ph 4 is greater

A fatty acid that contains multiple double covalent bonds is said to be

polyunsaturated.

If a response increases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.

positive

What type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal?

positive

Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, and a(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whose activity has an effect on the same stimulus.

receptor; control center; effector

When placed in water, an inorganic compound dissociates 99 percent, forming hydrogen ions and anions. This compound would be a

strong acid.

A person is lying on the bed gazing at the ceiling. She is in the ________ position.

supine

Which property of water helps keep body temperature stabilized?

thermal inertia

The muscle known as the diaphragm separates the ________ from the ________.

thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity

In cardiac physiology why must blood pressure in the major arteries be maintained within normal limits?

to prevent vessel damage and vessel collapse from high and low pressures, respectively