Anatomy CH 2

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Cation

Positively charged ion

Cation

Sodium ion

Tincture

Solution in which alcohol is the solvent

Aqueous

Solution in which water is the solvent

Colloidal Suspension

suspension in which the particles are so small that they do not need to be shaken to keep them evenly distributed

cation

the sodium ion is a(n)

precipitate

the solid formed in a solution during a chemical reaction

covalent

what type of bond is formed when two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom unite form water?

neutralization

what type of reaction occurs when HCL is mixed with a NaOH solution to form a salt (NaCl) and water?

ionizes into Na+ and Cl-

when placed in water, sodium chloride

physical change

which of the following describes activities such as chewing food and chopping a log?

-1 negative charge

which of the following describes the chlorine atom when its outer electron shell gains one electron?

lemon juice

which of the following is a strong acid?

potassium chloride

which of the following is an electrolyte?

intestinal contents

which of the following is most acidic?

energy

which of the following is/are classified as thermal, chemical, or radiant?

unstable

which of the following words best describes a radioisotope?

pH

A scale ranging from 0 to 14 that measures how many H+ (hydrogen ions) are in solution

Base or Basic

Also referred to as alkaline

Colloidal Suspension

An example is blood plasma because the proteins remain suspended within the plasma

Ions

Atom that carries an electrical charge

Electrons

Carries a negative charge and circulates in orbits around the nucleus

Protons

Carries a positive charge and is located within the nucleus

Buffer

Chemical substance that prevents large changes in pH

Anion

Chloride ion

Ions

Cl-, Na+, K+, and Ca2+

Water

Classification of H2O, in addition to molecule

Ion

Classification of NaCl

Molecules

Classification of O2 and N2

Mixture

Combination of sugar and little bits of iron

Mixture

Combinations of 2 or more substances that can be separated by ordinary physical means

Carbon Dioxide

Compound is a waste product that is formed when food is chemically broken down for energy

Water

Compound that has the ability to absorb large amounts of heat without itself increasing dramatically in temperature

Water

Compound that is considered to be the universal solvent

Base or Basic

Describes a pH of 7.6

Base or Basic

Describes normal pH of blood

Base or Basic

Describes normal pH of urine

Buffer

Describes the effect of an antacid on stomach H+

Acid or Acidic

Describes the grapefruit juice, vinegar, and lemon juice

Acid or Acidic

Describes the normal pH of gastric (stomach) juice

Catalyst

Describes the role of an enzyme that increases the rate of a chemical reaction

Chemical Reaction

Describes, for example, glucose+O2---> CO2+H2O+energy

Isotope

Different form of the same element (same atomic number but a different atomic mass); an example is "heavy hydrogen"

Ionization

Dissociation of NaCl into Na+ and Cl-

Acid or Acidic

Electrolyte that dissociates into H+ and an anion

Precipitate

Example: the white flakes that form when you add a drug to an IV salt solution

Colloidal Suspension

Examples include mayonnaise, egg white, and jellies

Ion

Formed as electrons are lost or gained

Neutron

Has a neutral charge and is located within the nucleus

Atomic Number

Helium has 2 protons and 2 neutrons; this is what the number 2 indicates.

Atomic Mass

Helium has 2 protons and 2 neutrons; this is what the number 4 indicates

Neutron

In each atom, the number of these is equal to the number of protons

Hydrogen Bond

Intermolecular bond

Cation

Ions represented as Na+, K+, and Ca2+

Solution

Mixture that contains a solvent and solute; there is an even distribution of the solute with the solution

Suspension

Mixture that must be shaken to prevent settling of particles

Oxygen

Molecule that exists in nature as a gas and plays an essential metabolic role in supplying the cells of the body with energy

Water

Most abundant compound in the body

Anion

Negatively charged ion

Atomic Number

Number of protons in the nucleus

Radioactivity

Spontaneous decay of a radioisotope

Buffer

Substance that can either donate or remove H+ from solution

Electrolytes

Substance that can ionize

Base and Basic

Substance that removes H+ from solution

Compounds

Substances that contain molecules formed by 2 or more different atoms

Atomic Mass

Sum of the protons and the neutrons

Protons

The atomic number is determined by the number of ___

Electrons

These atomic particles are represented by the planets encircling the sun in Figure 2-2

Protons, Neutrons

These particles are represented by the sun in Figure 2-2

Oxygen

This molecule is the reason why cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) must be started immediately

Neutron

This particle is added or removed in making an isotope of an atom

Base or Basic

Turns litmus paper blue

Acid or Acidic

Turns litmus paper pink

Ionic Bond

Type of bond between sodium and chloride in table salt, NaCl

Ionic Bond

Type of bond formed when electrons are shared by atoms

Ionic Bond

Type of bond formed when one atom donates an electron to another atom

Covalent Bond

Type of bond that forms between water molecules

Covalent Bond

Type of bond that forms water, H2O

Covalent Bond

Type of bond usually formed when carbon interacts with another atom

Radioisotope

Unstable isotope

7.35 to 7.45

What is the pH range of blood?

has fewer H+ ions than normal blood pH

a blood pH of 7.2

is considered acidotic

a blood pH of 7.55

solution

example is sea or salt water

the atomic number is 1

hydrogen has one proton, zero neutrons, and one electron. Which statement is true?


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