anatomy chapter 4 study guide

In order to warm the body up when cold, _________.

Arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright

Which of the following is an indication of melanoma

a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors

Which of the following is a skin cancer that accounts for 80% of all skin cancer cases and affects the cells of stratum basil

basal cell carcinoma

People who produce a lot of melanin have a skin tone that is

brown

what provides toughness to the dermis and holds water in this layer?

collagen fibers

The outer most layer of the epidermis is keratinized and known as stratum ________?

corneum

A splinter pierces through the epidermal layers of the sole of the foot in the following order:

corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale, lucidum

The only dry membrane is the

cutaneous membrane

which layer of the hair contains the most keratin?

cuticle

What type of cutaneous gland produces sweat that cools the body upon evaporation from the skin?

eccrine gland

The two main layers of skin are ______.

epidermis and dermis

The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as ______ glands because they release secretions to the skins via ducts.

exocrine

Collagen and elastic fibers are common in the epidermis of the skin

false

Joe just burned his hand on a hot pot. A blister forms and the burn is painful; Joe's burn would best be described as a third-degree burn.

false

Milia are most common during old age when secretions accumulate in the sebaceous glands

false

The epidermis is made mostly of dense fibrous connective tissue

false

The reason that the nail bed appears pink is the presence of a large number of melanocytes in the underlying dermis.

false

synoviol membranes occur in pairs with a parietal and visceral layer

false

when an individual is exposed to extremely low air temperatures, the capillaries of the skin will dilate so that the blood will flush into skin capillary beds and heat will radiate

false

What type of burn only involves injury to the superficial epidermis

first

Where does hair growth occur?

hair matrix

James shaves his face, which portion of the hair is removed?

hair shaft

Staphylococcus infection of the skin that causes pink, water-filled, raised lesions is _______.

impetigo

Skin and it's derivatives (nails, glands, and hairs) form the ________.

integumentary system

which of the following is a vital function of the skin?

it converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin D

which of the following abnormal skin colors results from liver disorders?

jaundice

Although you get wet while swimming, a tough protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge. This substance is:

keratin

Where are mucous membranes found?

lining the inside of the stomach

The white crescent area located over the nail matrix is called the ________.

lunule

Hair color is due to a pigment known as ________.

melanin

The "tanning" effect (darkening of the skin) That occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to the increased presence of _______.

melanin

which of the following are pigments that contribute to skin color

melanin, carotene, hemoglobin

Which type of cell provide pigment for hair color?

melanocytes

What skin disorder is recognized using the ABCD rule?

melanoma

The following membranes lines body cavities that are open to the exterior

mucous

Fingerprints and foot prints in the epidermis are created by dermal papillae present in the ________.

papillary layer

which of the following contains chemicals that kill bacteria and prevent bacterial invasions of the skin?

sebum

which of the following is a lubricant that keeps skin soft and moist and also contains chemicals that kill bacteria

sebum

nurse tends to a patient with a sunburn. Upon examination, she sees blisters and red skin. what type of burned as the patient most likely have?

second

The pleura and pericardium are examples examples of __________ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior.

serous

which membrane is constructed of a visceral and parietal layer

serous

the epidermis is composed of ________.

stratified squamous epithelium

which layer of the epidermis forms the nail ned?

stratum basale

which layer is affected when a scrape affects the most superficial epidermal layer

stratum corneum

which layer of the epidermis is composed of flattened, dead, keratin-filled cells?

stratum corneum

Jan got her microscope slides mixed up in lab as they were unlabeled. The slide with abundant adipose tissue should be labeled as the ________.

subcutaneous tissue

The ________ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints.

synovial

which of the following reduces friction in movable joints such as the knee?

synoviol fluid

which of the following membranes is composed of loose areolar connective tissue

synoviol membrane

White, cheesy - looking substance that is produced by the sebaceous glands and protects a baby skin while it is floating and it's water filled sac inside the mother is called

vernix caseoa

TRUE or FALSE; nails and hair are both composed of keratin?

TRUE

which of the following stimulates eccrine sweat glands to release sweat?

both by high temperatures and by hormones, especially males hormones

the ABCDE rule is used for classifying burns

false

nails and hair are both composed of keratin

true

Which of the following letters in the ABCDE rule for recognizing melanomas is incorrect

D stands for diagnosis

Which vitamin is synthesized by the skin?

Vitamin D

Sebaceous glands and sweat glands or cutaneous glance associated with the skin

true

The arrector pill muscle contracts and pulls hairs up right when we are cold or frightened

true

The connective tissue composing the dermis is made of two regions; the papillary and the reticular areas

true

The majority of the cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes

true

apocrine glands Are associated with hair follicles and the armpit and genital regions

true

aprocrine gland secreations are normally odorless, and may be milky or yellowish in color

true

both serious fluid and synovial fluid serve as lubricants in their respective locations

true

pigments that contribute to the skin color are melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin

true

squamous cell carcinoma arises from cells of the stratum spinosum

true

the rule of nines is used to estimate how much of the body surface is burnes

true

those nails and hair are produced by stratum basale of the epidermis

true

A physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient by _________.

using the "rule of nines"