Anatomy test 1
what level of protein synthesis is represented by the coiling of the protein chain backbone into an alpha helix
tertiary
visceral peritoneum
the inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity (outer surface of small intestines, lungs)
divides body into anterior and posterior sections
frontal
in general, the lipids that we refer to as oils have
high degree of unsaturated bonds
parietal pleura
outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall. (wall of thoracic cavity)
parietal pericardium
outer layer of the pericardium
salts are always
ionic compounds
average body temperature is ___________ degrees centrigrade
37
human blood has a pH of about
7.4
which statement about enzymes is false
Enzymes raise the activation energy needed to start a reaction.
which of the following is not true of proteins
They appear to be the molecular carriers of coded hereditary information.
homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains...
a relatively stable environment within limits
osmosis always involves
a selectively permeable membrane, a difference in solvent concentration, and diffusion
What pH is basic?
above 7
Its primary function is nutrient storage
adipose tissue
the anatomical position is used...
as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body
the anatomical position is characterized by
body erect, arms at sides, thumbs pointed laterally
functional characteristics of life
boundaries movement responsiveness digestion metabolism excretion reproduction growth
the four elements that make up about 96% of body matter are
carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen
which of the following is the correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarch
chemical cellular tissue organ organ system organism
uses of the ATP molecule
chemical work, mechanical work, transport across membrane
within the cartilage, divide and secrete new matrix
chondroblasts
Scar tissue is a variety of
connective tissue
if you consider your home air conditioner in terms of homeostasis, then the wall thermostat would be the __________.
control center
what is the regional term for the hip region
coxal
an oblique cut is one that is cut...
diagonally between vertical and horizontal planes
sucrose is a
disaccharide
which term means toward or at the back of the body
dorsal
what organ systems bear the major responsibility for ensuring homeostasis of the internal environment
endocrine and nervous systems
describe enzymes
enzymes work by raising the energy of activation
covalent bonds are generally less stable than ionic bonds
false
larger particles move faster than smaller ones and thus collide more frequently and more forcefully (TF)
false
the elbow is proximal to the shoulder
false
the part of the serous membrane the lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called the visceral peritoneum
false, distal
the study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye, such as the heart is called ___________ anatomy
gross
an example of a protein that functions in transport is
hemoglobin
_______ is a chemical reaction that breaks bonds between the monomers in a polymer, and this process __________ water
hydrolysis utilizes
What pH is considered acidic?
less than 7
what is the main, general purpose of negative feedback
maintain homeostasis
which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms?
negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body
a structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a
organs
how does water move into the cell
osmosis
a phospholipid is usually
partially hydrophilic and partially hydrophobic
The heart lies in the ________ cavity.
pericardial
in which body cavities are the lungs located
pleural, ventral, thoracic
the _________ structure of a protein is the sequence of _________
primary amino acids
a chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with
release of energy
vertical section that divides body into left and right sections...
saggital
the coiling of the protein chain backbone into an alpha helix is referred to as the __________ structure
secondary
the genetic information is coded in DNA by the
sequence of nucleotides
which element in necessary for proper conduction of nervous impulses
sodium
which is not true of proteins
they appear to be the molecular carriers of coded hereditary information
which is not considered a factor in influencing a reaction rate
time
Buffers resist abrupt and large changes in the pH of the body by releasing or binding ions
true
a major function of serous membranes is to decrease friction
true
a tissue consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function
true
all organic compounds contain carbon
true
catalysts increase the rate of chemical reactions, sometimes while undergoing reversible changes in shape (TF)
true
chemical reactions proceed more quickly at higher temps (TF)
true
chemical reactions progress at a faster rate when the reacting particles are present in higher numbers (TF)
true
glucose is an example of a monosaccharide
true
it is important for any organism to maintain its boundaries, so that its internal environment remains distinct from the external environment surrounding it
true
positive feedback mechanisms tend to enhance the original stimulus so that the response is accelerated
true
the acidity of a solution reflects the free hydrogen ions in the solution
true
the anatomical position means the body is standing at attention with the palms facing forward and the thumbs pointing away from the body
true
the lower the pH, the higher the hydrogen ion concentration
true
the pH of body fluids must remain fairly constant for the body to maintain homeostasis
true
the single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of body weight
water