Anatomy Test 4

The cranial nerves that innervate the eye muscles are

III, IV, and VI.

Damage to the ________ nerve would result in near paralysis of the eye.

oculomotor

From superficial to deep, name the layers that make up the cranial meninges. (Module 13.3A)

outer dura mater, middle arachnoid mater, inner pia mater

________ is a conscious awareness of a sensation.

perception

Receptors that monitor the position of joints belong to the category called

proprioceptors.

Name the three primary brain vesicles. (Module 13.1A)

prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon

Gustatory receptors are sensitive to dissolved chemicals but insensitive to light. This is due to

receptor specificity.

Each of the following is an ascending tract in the spinal cord except the

reticulospinal tract.

Explain adaptation, and differentiate between peripheral adaptation and central adaptation. (Module 13.17C)

Adaptation is a decrease in receptor sensitivity in the presence of constant stimulation. Peripheral adaptation reduces the amount of information sent to the CNS. In central adaptation, the awareness of the stimulus virtually disappears.

Describe the pyramids of the medulla oblongata and a decussation. (Module 13.4A)

The pyramids contains tracts of motor fibers that originate at the cerebral cortex. Some of the motor fibers cross to the opposite sides of the medulla oblongata and that crossing over is called a decussation.

The white matter of the cerebellum forms the

arbor vitae

Identify the components of the cerebellar gray matter. (Module 13.6A)

cerebellar cortex and cerebellar nuclei

The corpus callosum is composed of

commissural fibers

In order for a sensation to become a perception,

it must be received by the somatosensory cortex.

The descending spinal tract that crosses to the opposite side of the body within the pyramids of the medulla oblongata is the ________ tract.

lateral corticospinal

In most cases, the general interpretive center and the speech center are located in the

left cerebral hemisphere.

The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the

longitudinal fissure

The ________ relay(s) auditory information to the auditory cortex.

medial geniculate nuclei

A tactile receptor composed of highly coiled dendrites that are surrounded by modified Schwann cells and a fibrous capsule is a

tactile (Meissner) corpuscle.

The auditory cortex is located in the

temporal lobe

The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a worm-shaped band of cortex called the

vermis

The ________ filters and relays sensory information to the cerebral cortex.

thalamus

Terry suffers from dissociation of memories from their emotional content as the result of an automobile accident. What system of the brain is probably damaged?

the limbic system

Difficulties in estimating temporal relationships between events may stem from damage to

the prefrontal cortex.