Animals and Humans Quizzes

In mammals, air enters lungs through tubes called ______, which branch into smaller tubules called ______, which extend out to tiny air sacs called _____.

bronchi bronchioles alveoli

Nerves at the roots of hair follicles to detect pain, temperature, itch, and hair movement are called _____.

free nerve endings

Men do not have all _____ in their testes at birth.

gametes

At the base of the brain is the _____, which controls the pituitary gland and maintains homeostasis.

hypothalamus

If your skin swells up from a splinter, or puss forms in a cut, your _____ system is working to treat the area.

immune

Leukocytes _____.

make antibodies that attack foreign invaders

As blood flows through the capillaries in the lungs, it drops off _____ and picks up _______.

oxygen carbon dioxide

Leukocytes that respond to nonspecific foreign invaders are called ______ while _______ respond to specific invaders.

phagocytes lymphocytes

Sponges have collar cells that trap food and ingest it by ______ or by the enzymes of lysosomes.

phagocytosis

Crickets go through a _____ form, in which they resemble the parent when hatched but develop other features like wings later on.

nymph

Some reptiles, like snakes, have olfactory receptors _____

on the roof of their mouths

Tissues arranged together make up _____, which, when functioning together in groups, make up _____.

organs; systems

Rattlesnakes have thermoreceptors on the front of their faces called _____ organs, which allow them to detect infrared radiation.

pit

Which gland encompasses hormones that influence growth, metabolism, reproduction, and water balance?

pituitary

Organisms with a false coelom, like roundworms, are called _____.

pseudocoelomates

Sensory _____ are the parts of the body that change a stimulus into a nerve impulse and response.

receptors

Echinoderms, like sea stars, have a _____ nervous system.

ring-like

Humans have eyes composed of three layers: _____.

sclera choroid retina

When you spin around, you lose balance because of fluid spinning around in the _____.

semicircular canals

Roundworms have mechanoreceptors called _____ on external bristles.

setae

Which type of reproduction is when two cells come together to produce a new individual?

sexual

An example of a ball-and-socket joint is the _____.

shoulder

mechanoreceptors

skin

The _____ nerve connects to the heart and adjusts its speed according to the body's demands.

vagus

The _____ are responsible for pumping blood while the ____ receive the blood.

ventricles atria

How do jellyfish move?

with a circular muscle and the water from the environment

_______ is the only effective way invertebrates fight disease.

Phagocytosis

The earthworm's _____ vessel acts as a pump to push blood throughout the body.

dorsal

_____ tissue can be liquid, solid, or semi-solid.

Connective

_____ transmit impulses from other neurons to the cell body while _____ transmit impulses away from the cell body.

Dendrites axons

_____ have vision as good as that of humans.

Fish

The main excretory organs of insects and spiders are _______.

Malpighian tubules

What areas of the body are involved in the lymphatic system and how do they work?

The lymphatic system is composed of tissues and organs, and this system transports lymph. This system helps eliminate the body of toxins, waste, and other materials that are unwanted within the body. Lymph is a fluid that contains white bloodcells that help fight any infections. Lymph is spread throughout the body in order to fight infections. Lymph nodes are a huge part of the lymphatic system. Other parts consist of the tonsils, spleen, and thymus.

Describe in two or more complete sentences which organs are involved in your immune system and how they fight off infections.

The lymphatic system is what makes up the immune system. This system helps eliminate the body of toxins, waste, and other materials that are unwanted within the body. Lymph is a fluid that contains white bloodcells that help fight any infections. Lymph is spread throughout the body in order to fight infections. Within the spleen there are many white bloodcells that are released when trying to fight infections. The tonsils are comprised of lymph nodes which store and produce infection fighting cells. Bone marrow makes white blood cells and also helps fight infection. The thymus helps produce cells which can also figth against viruses or infections.

Annelids, like the earthworm, and arthropods, like insects or spiders, have three main structures in their nervous systems: _____.

a brain, segmented ganglia, and a ventral nerve cord

When antibodies are produced by lymphocytes, the body is conducting _____ immunity.

adaptive

The fight-or-flight response in humans is activated by epinephrine, a hormone secreted by the _____ glands.

adrenal

Foreign invaders have proteins called _____, which antibodies lock onto to neutralize.

antigens

Developing a(n) ______ made absorption of nutrients more efficient for roundworms.

anus

Besides annelids, segmentation is also seen in _____.

arthropods vertebrates

Bones act as a frame to which _____ are attached for movement.

cardiac muscles

Sensory and motor neurons are connected to the _____ system.

central nervous

As you read this lesson and type on your computer, you are using the second largest part of your brain called the _____.

cerebellum

Arthropods have an exoskeleton made of _____.

chitin

Cartilage, found in the ears and nose, is a rubbery type of _____ tissue.

connective

Skeletal muscle is attached to bones or other body parts by fibrous _____ tissue.

connective

Sponges have a _____ that squeezes out waste.

contractile vacuole

Birds and earthworms have a _____ that stores and softens food.

crop

Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments make up the _____, which lies beneath the plasma membrane and provides support, movement, and shape for the cell.

cytoskeleton

During gastrulation, cnidarians develop which tissue layers?

ectoderm endoderm

Some fish and amphibians have _____, which detect electrical fields that help them navigate through dark, murky waters.

electroreceptors

After sperm are produced, they move into a sperm storage area called the _____.

epididymis

Squamous cells are part of _____ tissue and are _____ shaped.

epithelial; irregularly

The purpose of the menstrual cycle is to _____.

expel an unfertilized egg and endometrium

photoreceptors

eyes

The _____ potential must be strong enough to send a(n) _____ potential to the CNS.

generator action

When you hear your stomach grumble, it is most likely influenced by the hormone _____.

ghrelin

Flatworms were one of the first to develop a ____, which allowed them to detect light, food, and mates.

head

Perspiration _____.

helps cool the body removes waste chemicals through pores in the skin

Arthropods, like spiders and lobster, don't have blood like mammals do; instead, they have _____.

hemolymph

Humans have _____.

jointed appendages

If you are dehydrated, your _____ will retain some water.

kidneys

Animals that change greatly as they mature are said to undergo _____.

metamorphosis

The alimentary canal includes which structures?

mouth stomach esophagus pharynx small intestine

A part of a(n) _____ organism can become diseased, the part can be removed, and the organism can continue to live.

multicellular

Three types of _____ tissue are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.

muscular

Each muscle fiber contains tiny threads called _____, which are made of myosin and actin.

myofibrils

The main function of _____ tissue is communication between different parts of the body.

nervous

olfactory receptors

nose

The gestation period for all mammals is _____________.

not the same

The nerves that control voluntary responses like those connected to your muscles are part of the _____ nervous system.

somatic

Most insects have small holes in the exoskeleton called _____, which open and close to regulate air flow.

spiracles

All animals, except for _____, develop as a protostome.

sponges echinoderms vertebrates chordates

Neurons are not connected; they transmit signals across a space called a _____.

synapse

Octopus and squid have chemoreceptors on their _____.

tentacles

chemoreceptors

tongue

Instead of hearing with ears, fish and most reptiles rely on their sense of _____.

touch