Anth 102 quizes
which of the following indicates that the gap between human and other animal communication is not as large as once thought?
A chimpanzee named Kanzi learned to communicate with humans through a symbol keyboard
Which of the following may have contributed to the dramatic increase in innovation among the mayan weavers in Chiapas
A commercial demand for textiles
Through which of the following ways could Nupe slaves acquire free status?
A woman could become a concubine and bear a child for her master.
A group of students travel to peru to excavate a newly discovered tomb. These students are studying which type of anthropology?
ARCHAEOLOGY
As explained in "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," among the characteristics of the traditional !Kung Christmas celebration are traditional Christian observances.
False
The author of "Shakespeare in the Bush" went to the African bush in order to put on Shakespeare's plays with her theater troupe.
False
What do anthropologists mean by a "domestic" mode of production?
Families control the use of resources and the products of their labor to support themselves.
how does living farther from the equator influence foraging?
Foragers will depend more on animals and fish and less on plants
which of the following could cause considerable confusion for an American tourist in Greece?
Hotel concierge nods his head in response to a query about available rooms
how hads the discrimination against minority ethnic groups changed over time in the United States?
Any legal barriers to equality have been broken, but discrimination still exists.
why would horticulturalists be inclined to share food?
sharing may solidify relationships for future times of need
Some contemporary Saami still herd reindeer, using_____
snowmobiles instead of sleds
which of the following helps to maintain social classes in an class society?
social practices make it easier for people to interact with others from their own social class.
On which of the following demographic units do anthropologists focus their study of culture?
societies
If the expendability theory is true, why would undertake dangerous tasks ?
societies may offer greater rewards fro such tasks
An anthropologist who studies how indigenous Asian languages are changing as a result of globalization would be working in which fields?
sociolinguistics and historical linguistics
which of the following is an example of conforming to an indirect cultural constraint?
speaking at an appropriate value in a restaurant
which of the following would be an example of a within-culture comparison study?
studying variation in eligible marriage age among the Yoruba of Nigeria today
where would you be more likely to find women doing most of the farming?
sub-Saharan Africa
When one of the author's friends asks help in seeking a wife for her son, the author of "Arranging a Marriage in India" responded by:
suggesting the daughter of a friend, who eventually becomes the woman selected by the family as the son's wife.
According to some linguists which of following will help endangered languages alive?
teaching native speakers to write in the endangered language
which of the following would convince a researcher that there is probable and predictable association between variables?
test results yield a probability value of .o5 or less
What do anthropologists mean when they say that culture is learned?
that it is transmitted from one generation to the next
What does the history of the Huron in Quebec suggest to anthropologists about the future of cultural diversity
that people will continue to affirm their distinctive ethnic identitie
which of the following is an example of a new culture that emerged out of the context of slavery in the New World?
the Aluku
which of the following societies is an example of a rank society?
the Nimpkish of the Pacific Northwest
what communicative ability do humans and bonobos appear to share?
the ability to communicate about objects or events that are not immediately present
in some societies, the time of day a couple has sex thought in influence_____.
the attributes of children con conceived through the act
Anthropologists distinguish social groups as egalitarian, rank, or class societies based on what criteria?
the degree to which social groups have unequal access to economic and political advantages
How has specialization affected the field of anthropology?
it allows individuals to better master the accumulated knowledge within their field
How does graphing the frequency distribution of behaviors help anthropologists?
it can help uncover unconscious cultural rules
How does applied or practical anthropology relate to the other fields of anthropology?
it cuts across them
how has the discovery of gold influenced Mundurucu economic activities?
it has decreased the need for trade relationship and reciprocity within the community.
What is one reason that anthropology is relevant in todays world?
it helps us avoid misunderstandings between peoples.
which of the following statements about code-switching is accurate?
it involves awareness of what is appropriate in the community
why do Malayali farmers grow tapioca?
it is a dependable crop that can be sold for profit.
As described in "Too Many Bananas, Not Enough Pineapples, and No Watermelon at All: Three Object Lessons in Living with Reciprocity," the leader of the village refused to let the anthropologist and his family pay for a watermelon because:
it shamed the leader to have guests in his village buy food.
which of the following characteristics would lead anthropologists to believe that a behavior is learned?
it varies from society to society
what are some of the strategies women in Kenya have used to over come structural disadvantages in the economic sector?
joining credit associations
According to research cited in "Missing Girls," a less intense desire for boys is significantly correlated with:
less pressure from in-laws.
As defined in "Arranging a Marriage in India", a _____ match is a marriage in India that is not arranged.
love
which of the following for why African Americans die more often from heart disease than European Americans has been largely discounted?
the genetic section of traits associated with high blood pressure
What does the behavior of Japaneses families in McDonald's illustrate about the cultural Impact of globalization?
the impact of globalization varies according to local cultures' way incorporating innovation
which of the following is unique to the discipline of anthropology?
the integrated study of biological and cultural human experiences throughout time
Which of the following best characterizes the patterning of cultural traits?
the integration of cultural traits is sometimes inconsistent
which of the following has transformed the way the Yanomamo clear fields for cultivation?
the introduction of steel machetes
Among English speakers. what pattern is more common among women than among men?
making statements using rising inflections
Which of the following are considered important to anthropologists when they study a culture?
material products as well as shared thoughts and common behaviors
Tibetans generally opt for fraternal polyandry, as asserted in "When Brothers Share a Wife," because of:
materialistic interests.
Which of the following descriptions best illustrates a society that is stratified based on ethnicity?
members of a social group with a shared cultural heritage make up the social elite
Which of the following do linguists use to identify phonemes in a language
minimal pair contrasts
In cultural anthropology it is important to recognize that keeping an open mind is different from_______.
moral relativism
As quoted in "Missing Girls," Bedi, a specialist in fetal medicine in India, says that the first demand for female feticide comes from the:
mother.
in the early days of plant domestication, some foragers may have adopted cultivation while others may have_____.
moved to areas less desirable to food producers
According to "Arranging a Marriage in India," the prevalence of arranged marriages in India has resulted in:
much lower divorce rates than in the United States.
which theory has been influential in the development of recent evolutionary and ecological approaches in cultural anthropology?
natural selection
which of the following is part of the complex arrangement involved in wet rice cultivation in Vietnam?
occupational specialization in terms of land ownership, labor, and market expertise
which of the following samples would raise suspicion?
one composed only of people with whom the researcher is friendly
When whiting rated a society that depended on root and tree crops as having a low protein diet he was____.
operationally defining a variable
What is likely to happen if a person simply disregards customary patterns of behavior?
other members of the society will not condone the behavior
which factors are associated with the beginnings of social differentiation among horticulturalists?
part-time craft occupations, part-time political offices, and kinship group hierarchies
what is one way that a person can communicate through paralanguage?
pausing to signal it is time for another person to speak
Conclusions reached about food and gifts in "Too Many Bananas, Not Enough Pineapples, and No Watermelon at All: Three Object Lessons in Living with Reciprocity" include:
people have the same basic customs about giving in all cultures.
which of the following suggests that cultural diversity will persist in the face of globalization?
people prefer local televisions programs to imparted ones.
what was on of the key findings of Stanley Barrett's study of "Paradise"?
people's response varied when asked how many different classes there were in their society.
What negative message might a powerful country unwittingly convey when it tries to help other countries?
the message that it thinks the other countries are inferior.
how does education impact women's status?
the more girls and women are educated, the more likely their status is to increase.
Which of the following varies from culture to culture with respect to people's perceptions of space and time? ("How Language Shapes Thought")
Whether or not they ignore directions such as east and west when thinking about time. The direction from which they read, right to left or left to right. The direction in which they see the future, ahead of them or behind them. ( all of these )
As discussed in "How Language Shapes Thought", the Sapir-_____ Hypothesis is the notion that the grammatical structure and vocabulary of a language influence the way its speakers think about the world.
Whorf
As reported in "The Berdache Tradition," tribes that esteem the berdache include all of the following EXCEPT the:
pima
In pre-industrial societies, which of the following is associated with women having relatively low status compared to men?
plow and irrigation agriculture
which of the following activities is likely to be performed by men in a horticultural society?
preparing land for planting
Which of the following initiated the recent series of uprisings known as the Arab spring
protests connected with high rates of unemployment
As suggested in "The Berdache Tradition," a typical role for the berdache is that of:
a mediator.
What is one way a theory can be differentiated from an association
a theory is usually more complicated and often contains a series of statement
Which of the following are characteristics of pidgin languages that formed during european colonialism and slavery?
a vocabulary drawn from the dominant language: absence of prepositions and auxiliary verbs
which of the following may give men an advantage over women in terms of access of political leadership positions?
activities that bring them into contact with other communities
which characteristic of the Yucatec Mayan Language may effect the way its speakers recall objects in a picture?
ambiguity surrounding whether an object is singular or plural
The author of "Arranging a Marriage in India" speculates that the practice of arranged marriages has resulted in young Indian women:
becoming self-confident and charming since they did not have to worry about their popularity with the opposite sex.
What is one of the primary challenges of ethnohistorical research
being able to distinguish facts from speculation in the source data
which of the following tends to increase the differences among sibling languages?
borrowing words from foreign languages
How do anthropologists protect their informants?
by using pseudonyms
Rebellions frequently occur in developing countries where members of the ruling class are ___
dependent on income from land worked by the rural classes
Which field is concerned with discovering and recording the principles of how sounds and words are put together in speech?
descriptive linguistics
which of the following describes the process of linguistic divergence as it is playing out in Northern India?
dialect shifts accumulate across villages. Those farthest apart almost speak separate languages.
what is the difference between a dialect and an accent?
dialects include small changes in linguistic features. Accents are differences in Pronunciation
how do differences in prestige among individuals in egalitarian societies relate to economic differences?
differences in prestige do not create economic differences in egalitarian societies
which of the following tends to be associated with full-time occupational specialization?
differences in prestige, wealth, and power
Through which process of cultural borrowing did the greeks acquire the alphabet
diffusion through intermediate contact
Which of the following ideas gives added weight to the role of culture in the process of biological evolution?
dual-inheritance theory
Which of the following would be an example of a subj specialization within cultural anthropology?
economic anthropology
The Etoro of New Guinea believed that male homosexuality______.
encouraged crops to grow
which of the following is incompatible with a universal standard of human rights?
extreme cultural relativism
According to "Arranging a Marriage in India," being in the military makes a man a very desirable candidate for marriage.
false
As described in "Too Many Bananas..." the woman who brought the anthropologist's family bananas when they had too many admitted that she, also, had more bananas than she could use.
false
As noted in "The Berdache Tradition," in American Indian religion, the spirit of a human is superior to all animal spirits.
false
In "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," it is reported that the !Kung Bushmen only insult boastful outsiders, never members of their own tribe.
false
Melvyn C. Goldstein states in "When Brothers Share a Wife" that the practice of fraternal polyandry is practiced in Tibet because of the shortage of females caused by female infanticide.
false
how does growing a cash crop influence the way of life for farmers in agricultural societies?
farmers need to increase production in order to pay additional rent and taxes
When the author of "Too Many Bananas..." thought that his family had too many bananas, he was advised by the leader of the village to:
feed his guests bananas when they were hungry.
In "Missing Girls", female _______ is the term used in India for sex-selective abortion.
feticide
how did the Kung traditionally distribute meat?
first to the hunters who killed the animal and then according to kinship ties
Which of the following is an example of a life form term
fish
What happens when there is linguistic convergance
general processes of linguistic change produce similarities in unrelated languages
Why do some scientists question where the presence of the FOXP2 gene is clear evidence that neanderthals had language
genes can have multiple purposes
As she explains in "Shakespeare in the Bush," Laura Bohannan encountered a major translation problem in telling the story of "Hamlet" to the Tiv, because they had no word or concept for:
ghost
Among the Kwakiutl, what was the main way of proving one's high status?
giving away wealth
which of the following is used in some societies to decrease extramarital sex?
gossip
which of the following is an example of theoretical construct?
gravity
compared to females, which of the following physical characteristics is associated with human males?
greater aerobic capacity
As explained in "Missing Girls," prosperous families in India are rejecting daughters because of the:
growth of dowries.
Which of the following contributions did Franz Boas make?
he showed that certain characteristics were tied to where a person grew up, not their biology.
when filling out a census in the United States, respondents may mistakenly think that_____.
race is an important biological category
which of the following perspectives recognizes women's contribution to the work of hunting for subsistence?
realizing that hunting involves food preparation and distribution
Which of the following suggests the truth of a relationship between variables
repeated observation
What makes anthropologists holistic?
integrated whole
Prior to 1948, there were laws in the United States that did what?
restricted which neighborhoods people from different classes could live in
which widely accepted assumption regarding the transition to intensive agriculture has recently come into question?
intensive agriculture requires more work than horticulture.
which of the following research projects would involve kinesics?
investigating how facial expressions correspond to emotions
which of the following statements about the presence of men and women in political leadership positions is correct?
the number of men far outweighs the number of women in formal leadership positions
As explained in "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," Richard Borshay Lee found that:
the response of people to a gift can be instructive about their culture.
Why is the gap between rich and poor likely to widen during periods of rapid technological change?
the rich adopt innovations sooner and benefit more from them than the poor
As discussed in "The Berdache Tradition," the emphasis of American Indian religions is on:
the spiritual nature of all things.
What does a comparison of Turkish and English indicate about child language acquisition?
the structure of a language plays a part in determining when children acquire grammatical features
Researchers who support the idea of multilinear evolution look at ____
the way a particular culture evolves in a particular environment
Which of the following would indicate how important a norm is in a certain society?
the way people respond when it is violated
Why would Samoans say "kerisimasi" instead of "Christmas"?
their language alternates consonants and vowels rather than blending them
which of the following statements about the biological concept of race is correct?
there is more physical and genetic diversity within a racial group than between racial groups.
According to "When Brothers Share a Wife," in a polyandrous marriage:
there is only one set of heirs in a generation.
why are traditional festivals and celebrations less influential than some other factors in retaining a "mother tongue" among immigrant groups?
they do not occur every day
why would competitive feasting among agriculturalists act as an adaptive mechanism?
they encourage people to produce a surplus that could be used in the event of crop failure.
how did negative stereotypes of Native Americans influence colonialism in North America?
they helped justify conquering Native Americans and taking their land.
How do verbs in navajo seem to be a reflection of culture?
they indicate whether something is in motion
how did scholars learn that human females who received more androgen were more aggressive than those who did not?
they looked at females whose mothers received androgenizing medications while they were pregnant.
why would permanent ownership of land be uncommon among horticulturalists?
they need to be able to switch to different areas of land when soil nutrients are depleted.
How do historicallinguists study changes in languages that were never written?
they reconstruct changes by comparing similar contemporary languages
why are women less affected by food shortages than mean?
they store more body fat
what happened to members of indigenous populations who were forced onto reservations by colonial powers in Africa?
they were forced to work on plantations and in mines
which of the following describes traditional settlement patterns among the Ngatatjara?
they were nomadic and lived in small, isolated groups in a region with low population density.
In egalitarian societies, how do people ensure qual access to resources?
through sharing
which of the following is considered the main way that culture is transmitted?
through spoken language
What are two common ways that languages combine morphs to generate meaning
through word order and/or the attachment of bound morphemes
which of the following would be an anthropological reason for studying the qualities of an individual political leader?
to ascertain whether certain qualities in a leader are universally prefferred
What is the goal of a linguist who studies syntax
to describe the rules underlying the formation of phrases and sentences
How could researchers best use whitings theory about postpartum sex taboos?
to develop hypotheses about which social changes might result in the taboo's disappearance.
why does the author include the example about African Americans' milk-drinking habits in the 1960s?
to illustrate how the broad scope of anthropology generates explanations for human behavior
Why does the author ite the mayan temple of chichen itza along with its remains such as broken pottery and garbage heaps
to illustrate the variety of artifacts archaeologists study to gather information
why did the Mundurucu of Brazil begin assigning individual land rights?
to protect individual access to rubber tress
What is the most likely reason that paleoanthropologist would study the succesion of climates?
to see how broad weather patterns might have affected early humans
In societies in which women are highly involved in primary subsistence activities, girls are more likely to be _____.
trained to be industrious
in which environment would foragers have been unable to survive until recently?
tropical Forests
According to "When Brothers Share a Wife," the eldest brother in a household usually exercises the authority.
true
As explained in "Too Many Bananas..." most of the gifts that were brought to the family were intended for the children.
true
As listed in "Missing Girls," among the items expected as part of a dowry in India are a television, a motorcycle or car, a refrigerator, a washing machine, and quantities of gold.
true
Xaniths in Oman are distinguished from men and women through which of the following?
wearing unpatterned , light-colored clothing
why would living in a smaller community predict greater success for women in the political sphere?
when a community is small, women will know more people personally
when is it possible for societies to develop stratified systems involving permanent wealth?
when land begins to have enduring value and kin groups are able to defend it
According to "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," the !Kung Bushmen insult one another:
when one is boastful.
Which circumstances can increase the speed at which an innovation is adopted throughout a population
when people are exposed to various teachers
under what circumstances are whistled languages likely to develop?
when there are low-density population that need to communicate over long distances
When would a researcher need to collect information from a large sample of people in a society?
when there is a lot of variation or people cannot easily state their behavioral patterns
Under what circumstances are foragers more likely to collectively own large tracts of land rather than individual parcels?
when wild food sources fluctuate
which of the following do anthropologists need to consider when determining whether a pastoral society is egalitarian?
whether inequalities in resource ownership affect the ability of one to acquire power or prestige
what question is raised by Betzig's study of Ifaluk society?
whether rank societies have true economic equality
With respect to Whitings theory about postpartum sex taboos which of the following would researchers have difficulty verifying?
whether that behavior alone increases ones chances of reproductive success
In a society with only two basic color terms which word would be used to describe a ripe banana
white
The author of "Shakespeare in the Bush" notes that in the Tiv language, the word for "scholar" also means _____.
witch
which of the following areas are Mbuti men and women treated differently>
with respect to extramarital sex
Among the Mbuti, rights and privileges are substantially differentiated______.
within the family unit
how do people in agricultural villages in Nepal provide care for their children and accomplish their work?
women ask other people to watch and feed their infants while they perform arduous agricultural work.
which of the following statements about men and women's work among the Tchambuli of New Guinea is correct?
women worked more and contributed more to the diet than men
which of the following is an example of how the use of names creates ethnic group boundaries?
"Japanese American" establishes a different identity than "Asian American"
Curiosity about_____ drives the discipline of anthropology.
human beings
Which of the following decreases social inequalities?
industrialization
which of the following was influential in shaping Seminole cultural identity?
removal to reservations
How has globalization changed many cultures
they have become more commercial and urban
There is evidence that the language one speaks has an influence on one's ability to ("How Language Shapes Thought")
( do all of these. ) figure out one's gender early in life. remember who caused an accident. sense direction.
which of the following would have been characteristic of a Cheyenne two -spirit?
A Cheyenne male two- spirit would dress and work as a women
What did the color term study conected by berlin and kay show?
basic color terms evolve according to a universal sequence
A basic color term needs to have which of the following properties
be composed of a single morph
which of the following distinctions between activities would be explained by the compatibility theory?
Among some foragers, women collect honey from bees that do nit sting, while men collect other honey .
which of the following illustrates how the Trobriand Islanders approached premarital sex?
At puberty, boys and girls were given instruction in sex and opportunities for intimacy
how did boys in the Six Cultures study behave in terms of dependency?
Boys tended to seek attention and approval
Babies in tropical areas with low-protein diets are susceptible to a disease called kwashiorkor what can help a babys chance of survival.
Breastfeeding for a long period of time
which of the following is an example of the type of "telegraph" sentences typical of 2-years-old?
Doggy go.
which of the following was a result of the economic changes that occurred in Tikopia between 1929 and 1952?
Economic units made up od extended families started to break down.
How can education be an instrument of acculturation
Education may be used to teach the dominant cultures value to members of a minority subculture
which of the following is an example of how social context can influence the way people communicate?
English speakers use each other's first names when they have a casual social relationship
which of the following people provides the best example of someone using power to get what he or she wants?
Goragers follow the advice of a well-respected hunter when deciding when to move camp.
which of the following have been suggested as a theoretical explanation for why the abeam of New Guinea grow giant ceremonial yams?
Growing yams competitively fosters harmony in the community
Which of the following would be considered a subculture?
Haitian immigrant culture in the US
how does the Camars' traditional occupation of removing leads cattle reinforce their caste status?
Handing dead animals and eating beef are both considered unclean in Hindu society.
which statement about racial categories in South Africa under apartheid is correct?
Important people of African ancestry from other countries were often considered "white"
How are racial categories of "black" and "white" different in Latin America compared to those in the United States?
In Latin America there are continuums of racial categories based on skin color.
which of the following statements about same-sex relationship hold true cross-culturally?
In most societies, it is rare to find people who are exclusively homosexual throughout their lives.
what did Paul Shankman suggest with respect to the Mead-fREEMAN CONTROVERSY?
considering changing times and social contexts, both researchers' observations may be valid.
Who was the first anthro to advocate the study of cultural ecology?
Julian Steward
how did the Toda of India fulfill their primary subsistence needs?
Men prepared and sold the dairy products they made from water buffalo milk.
which of the following describes a common way that earnings from migrant labor are distributed of family members?
Money is sent to family members in their home country through an informal network of brokers.
How did the Nupe system of slavery in Nigeria from that in the United States?
The Nupe slaves were treated well and had many more rights
Which of the following would be an ex of glorifying another people's culture?
considering the !Kung to be the ideal altruists because they have a long history of sharing
why is genealogy important in many rank societies?
Often the position of chief is assigned to a member of a specific Kinship group
which of the following is an example of generalized reciprocity?
Parents going food and clothing to their children
Why is cultural change capable of occurring more rapidly than genetic change?
People can choose to adopt new culutral practices but not which genes they inherit
why do the Yanomami hunt and fish in addition to growing crops?
Their crops yield little in the way of protein- rich foods.
According to "When Brothers Share a Wife," polyandry in Tibet:
consists of brothers marrying the same woman.
which of the following was used to justify the system of slavery practiced in the United States?
Religious writings out of context implied that dark-skinned people were inferior
Which of the following seems to be a counterreaction to the influences of globalization?
Shamans are speaking out publicly against biopiracy
What is the next step once a statistically significant association is shown to be predictable from a theory?
continue to test the theory
which of the following vocabulary does not increase with increased social of technological complexity?
core vocab.
During colonial times, what assumption about the people of Rwanda did E utopians make?
The Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa were members of separate biological groups.
which of the following may be responsible for the spread of Bothe Into-European and Bantu Languages?
Technology that gives each cultural group advantages over other people in the region
When a drink is accidentally spilled, which of the following speakers is more likely to notice who did it? ("How Language Shapes Thought")
The English-speaker.
which of the following contradicts the theory that women's status is linked to their contribution to primary subsistence activities?
The status of women in hunting societies is relatively high.
why would some foraging societies exhibit more intercommunity conflict than others?
They are competing over access to good fishing sites.
What was the reaction of many Europeans when they first encountered the cultures of faraway places?
They were shocked and revolted
People who think differently about space are also likely to think differently about time. ("How Language Shapes Thought")
True
Storytelling is a skilled art among the Tiv, as noted in "Shakespeare in the Bush."
True
which of the following describes the core practiced in the Chiang Mai area of Thailand?
Villagers plowed a certain area of land for the benefit of their rulers.
which of the following correctly summarizes the relationship between status and warfare?
Warfare does not lower women's status on a consistent basis cross-culturally.
Following Deborah Tannen's research, how would you expect men and women to react to someone expressing that they are dissatisfied?
Women would express empathy. Men would offer solutions.
What initial discovery led to the idea of an Indo-European protolanguage?
a British scholar in india noticed similarities between sanskrit and classical greek and latin
What is the relationship between a rebellion and a revolution
a rebellion against authority may or may not result in a revolution
According to "The Berdache Tradition," American Indians believe that when a person becomes a berdache:
a supernatural force is responsible.
what is needed in order to develop better theories about why there are near universal patterns in the way societies divide labor by gender?
a systematic study of the requirements of different forms of work
How might an anthropologists interest in monetary systems differ from that of an economist
an anthropoogist would be more interested in why moneyary systems vary from one culture to another
Which of the following to remember when conducting regional comparisons?
an explanation that fits one region should explain similar phenomena in other regions
What does the example of the Namericans finding themselves in the kalahari desert teach us?
anthro helps us understand other cultures rather than judge them
which of the following statements about anthropology, or those which study anthropology, is correct?
anthropologists study human universals as well as variation
Which of the following illustrates a holistic approach in anthropology?
archaeological study of the connection between gender health and settlement patterns in peru
Which of the following processes is similar to acculturation but occurs at the individual level
assimilation
Saying that long postpartum sex taboos tend to be found in societies with low-protein diets is an example of a/an_______
association
As noted in "Shakespeare in the Bush" the author's experience validates the conclusion that
character motivations in literature are not easily understandable by all cultures.
Which of the following is an aspect of culture?
childrearing practices
which of the following illustrates one way that differences in social status can affect speech?
children are addressed by first name, but they address adults by title and name
What change was seen in division of labor practiced by the ! Kung when they transitioned from nomadic foraging to settled food production?
children began to work taking care of animals, harvesting crops, and processing food.
Which of the following suggests a genetic component to language acquisition?
children begin speaking at around the same age all over the world
how do class societies differ from rank societies?
class societies give social groups unequal access to economic resources, power, and prestige.
which of the following is form of measurement?
classification
what do slash-and-burn techniques accomplish?
clearing fields and returning nutrients to the soil
Which linguistic features can indicate where the speakers of an ancestral language originated?
cognates for plants and animals
Which psychological human trait is thought to lead to the integration of culutral traits
cognitive consistency
Which of the following is needed to generate culture
communicating with other people
what type of study was conducted by the International Potato Center?
comparative research using the Human Relations Area Files
Increasingly, anthropologists are turning their attention to the study of _________.
complex societies and Western cultures
which of the following is more commonly seen among girls cross-culturally than boys?
complying with adult direction
Which of the following indicates that social stratification began within the last 8,00 years?
houses in archeological sites before 8,00 YEARS AGO SHOW LITTLE VARIATION.
which of the following would be an example of how rational decision making can lead to consistency among culutral behaviors?
in a society in which children and parents sleep separately, people build larger houses.
which of the following statements about prestige is accurate?
in most societies, individuals have unequal access to prestige based on age, gender, or ability
Under what circumstances are new languages likely to develop?
in situations of prolonged culture contact
Cultural traits resemble genetic traits in that they will______
increase in a population over time if they incrase chances of survival and reproduction
which of the following consequences of globalization had led to an increase in the spread of malaria?
increased deforestation
what idea is behind the right of eminent domain?
individual property owners have obligations to the greater good of society.
19th century thinkers attriubuted the failure of non european cultures to become "civilized" to_____
innate capacities of race
which of the following is characteristic of private property systems?
the division of land into measurable units
by what mechanism does testosterone influence aggressive and violent behavior in males?
the emotional center of the brain sends a signal that causes a surge in testosterone.
which of the following has recently become the goal of most counties in terms of written language?
the establishment of universal literacy
Which process was largely responsible for the creation of new technologies during prehistoric times
unconscious invention
which of the following is the result of the way foragers respond to local environmental conditions?
variation in economic behavior and social structure among groups who share a common ancestry
Which of the following would be of interest to a phonologist
vat and bat
In "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," author Richard Borshay Lee claims that it is a general custom among the !Kung Bushmen to insult the animal that a man has tracked down and killed and that he intends to share with the rest of the tribe because they:
want to enforce general humility and prevent that man from boasting and thinking of the tribe as his servants or inferiors.