Anth 102 quizes

which of the following indicates that the gap between human and other animal communication is not as large as once thought?

A chimpanzee named Kanzi learned to communicate with humans through a symbol keyboard

Which of the following may have contributed to the dramatic increase in innovation among the mayan weavers in Chiapas

A commercial demand for textiles

Through which of the following ways could Nupe slaves acquire free status?

A woman could become a concubine and bear a child for her master.

A group of students travel to peru to excavate a newly discovered tomb. These students are studying which type of anthropology?

ARCHAEOLOGY

As explained in "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," among the characteristics of the traditional !Kung Christmas celebration are traditional Christian observances.

False

The author of "Shakespeare in the Bush" went to the African bush in order to put on Shakespeare's plays with her theater troupe.

False

What do anthropologists mean by a "domestic" mode of production?

Families control the use of resources and the products of their labor to support themselves.

how does living farther from the equator influence foraging?

Foragers will depend more on animals and fish and less on plants

which of the following could cause considerable confusion for an American tourist in Greece?

Hotel concierge nods his head in response to a query about available rooms

how hads the discrimination against minority ethnic groups changed over time in the United States?

Any legal barriers to equality have been broken, but discrimination still exists.

why would horticulturalists be inclined to share food?

sharing may solidify relationships for future times of need

Some contemporary Saami still herd reindeer, using_____

snowmobiles instead of sleds

which of the following helps to maintain social classes in an class society?

social practices make it easier for people to interact with others from their own social class.

On which of the following demographic units do anthropologists focus their study of culture?

societies

If the expendability theory is true, why would undertake dangerous tasks ?

societies may offer greater rewards fro such tasks

An anthropologist who studies how indigenous Asian languages are changing as a result of globalization would be working in which fields?

sociolinguistics and historical linguistics

which of the following is an example of conforming to an indirect cultural constraint?

speaking at an appropriate value in a restaurant

which of the following would be an example of a within-culture comparison study?

studying variation in eligible marriage age among the Yoruba of Nigeria today

where would you be more likely to find women doing most of the farming?

sub-Saharan Africa

When one of the author's friends asks help in seeking a wife for her son, the author of "Arranging a Marriage in India" responded by:

suggesting the daughter of a friend, who eventually becomes the woman selected by the family as the son's wife.

According to some linguists which of following will help endangered languages alive?

teaching native speakers to write in the endangered language

which of the following would convince a researcher that there is probable and predictable association between variables?

test results yield a probability value of .o5 or less

What do anthropologists mean when they say that culture is learned?

that it is transmitted from one generation to the next

What does the history of the Huron in Quebec suggest to anthropologists about the future of cultural diversity

that people will continue to affirm their distinctive ethnic identitie

which of the following is an example of a new culture that emerged out of the context of slavery in the New World?

the Aluku

which of the following societies is an example of a rank society?

the Nimpkish of the Pacific Northwest

what communicative ability do humans and bonobos appear to share?

the ability to communicate about objects or events that are not immediately present

in some societies, the time of day a couple has sex thought in influence_____.

the attributes of children con conceived through the act

Anthropologists distinguish social groups as egalitarian, rank, or class societies based on what criteria?

the degree to which social groups have unequal access to economic and political advantages

How has specialization affected the field of anthropology?

it allows individuals to better master the accumulated knowledge within their field

How does graphing the frequency distribution of behaviors help anthropologists?

it can help uncover unconscious cultural rules

How does applied or practical anthropology relate to the other fields of anthropology?

it cuts across them

how has the discovery of gold influenced Mundurucu economic activities?

it has decreased the need for trade relationship and reciprocity within the community.

What is one reason that anthropology is relevant in todays world?

it helps us avoid misunderstandings between peoples.

which of the following statements about code-switching is accurate?

it involves awareness of what is appropriate in the community

why do Malayali farmers grow tapioca?

it is a dependable crop that can be sold for profit.

As described in "Too Many Bananas, Not Enough Pineapples, and No Watermelon at All: Three Object Lessons in Living with Reciprocity," the leader of the village refused to let the anthropologist and his family pay for a watermelon because:

it shamed the leader to have guests in his village buy food.

which of the following characteristics would lead anthropologists to believe that a behavior is learned?

it varies from society to society

what are some of the strategies women in Kenya have used to over come structural disadvantages in the economic sector?

joining credit associations

According to research cited in "Missing Girls," a less intense desire for boys is significantly correlated with:

less pressure from in-laws.

As defined in "Arranging a Marriage in India", a _____ match is a marriage in India that is not arranged.

love

which of the following for why African Americans die more often from heart disease than European Americans has been largely discounted?

the genetic section of traits associated with high blood pressure

What does the behavior of Japaneses families in McDonald's illustrate about the cultural Impact of globalization?

the impact of globalization varies according to local cultures' way incorporating innovation

which of the following is unique to the discipline of anthropology?

the integrated study of biological and cultural human experiences throughout time

Which of the following best characterizes the patterning of cultural traits?

the integration of cultural traits is sometimes inconsistent

which of the following has transformed the way the Yanomamo clear fields for cultivation?

the introduction of steel machetes

Among English speakers. what pattern is more common among women than among men?

making statements using rising inflections

Which of the following are considered important to anthropologists when they study a culture?

material products as well as shared thoughts and common behaviors

Tibetans generally opt for fraternal polyandry, as asserted in "When Brothers Share a Wife," because of:

materialistic interests.

Which of the following descriptions best illustrates a society that is stratified based on ethnicity?

members of a social group with a shared cultural heritage make up the social elite

Which of the following do linguists use to identify phonemes in a language

minimal pair contrasts

In cultural anthropology it is important to recognize that keeping an open mind is different from_______.

moral relativism

As quoted in "Missing Girls," Bedi, a specialist in fetal medicine in India, says that the first demand for female feticide comes from the:

mother.

in the early days of plant domestication, some foragers may have adopted cultivation while others may have_____.

moved to areas less desirable to food producers

According to "Arranging a Marriage in India," the prevalence of arranged marriages in India has resulted in:

much lower divorce rates than in the United States.

which theory has been influential in the development of recent evolutionary and ecological approaches in cultural anthropology?

natural selection

which of the following is part of the complex arrangement involved in wet rice cultivation in Vietnam?

occupational specialization in terms of land ownership, labor, and market expertise

which of the following samples would raise suspicion?

one composed only of people with whom the researcher is friendly

When whiting rated a society that depended on root and tree crops as having a low protein diet he was____.

operationally defining a variable

What is likely to happen if a person simply disregards customary patterns of behavior?

other members of the society will not condone the behavior

which factors are associated with the beginnings of social differentiation among horticulturalists?

part-time craft occupations, part-time political offices, and kinship group hierarchies

what is one way that a person can communicate through paralanguage?

pausing to signal it is time for another person to speak

Conclusions reached about food and gifts in "Too Many Bananas, Not Enough Pineapples, and No Watermelon at All: Three Object Lessons in Living with Reciprocity" include:

people have the same basic customs about giving in all cultures.

which of the following suggests that cultural diversity will persist in the face of globalization?

people prefer local televisions programs to imparted ones.

what was on of the key findings of Stanley Barrett's study of "Paradise"?

people's response varied when asked how many different classes there were in their society.

What negative message might a powerful country unwittingly convey when it tries to help other countries?

the message that it thinks the other countries are inferior.

how does education impact women's status?

the more girls and women are educated, the more likely their status is to increase.

Which of the following varies from culture to culture with respect to people's perceptions of space and time? ("How Language Shapes Thought")

Whether or not they ignore directions such as east and west when thinking about time. The direction from which they read, right to left or left to right. The direction in which they see the future, ahead of them or behind them. ( all of these )

As discussed in "How Language Shapes Thought", the Sapir-_____ Hypothesis is the notion that the grammatical structure and vocabulary of a language influence the way its speakers think about the world.

Whorf

As reported in "The Berdache Tradition," tribes that esteem the berdache include all of the following EXCEPT the:

pima

In pre-industrial societies, which of the following is associated with women having relatively low status compared to men?

plow and irrigation agriculture

which of the following activities is likely to be performed by men in a horticultural society?

preparing land for planting

Which of the following initiated the recent series of uprisings known as the Arab spring

protests connected with high rates of unemployment

As suggested in "The Berdache Tradition," a typical role for the berdache is that of:

a mediator.

What is one way a theory can be differentiated from an association

a theory is usually more complicated and often contains a series of statement

Which of the following are characteristics of pidgin languages that formed during european colonialism and slavery?

a vocabulary drawn from the dominant language: absence of prepositions and auxiliary verbs

which of the following may give men an advantage over women in terms of access of political leadership positions?

activities that bring them into contact with other communities

which characteristic of the Yucatec Mayan Language may effect the way its speakers recall objects in a picture?

ambiguity surrounding whether an object is singular or plural

The author of "Arranging a Marriage in India" speculates that the practice of arranged marriages has resulted in young Indian women:

becoming self-confident and charming since they did not have to worry about their popularity with the opposite sex.

What is one of the primary challenges of ethnohistorical research

being able to distinguish facts from speculation in the source data

which of the following tends to increase the differences among sibling languages?

borrowing words from foreign languages

How do anthropologists protect their informants?

by using pseudonyms

Rebellions frequently occur in developing countries where members of the ruling class are ___

dependent on income from land worked by the rural classes

Which field is concerned with discovering and recording the principles of how sounds and words are put together in speech?

descriptive linguistics

which of the following describes the process of linguistic divergence as it is playing out in Northern India?

dialect shifts accumulate across villages. Those farthest apart almost speak separate languages.

what is the difference between a dialect and an accent?

dialects include small changes in linguistic features. Accents are differences in Pronunciation

how do differences in prestige among individuals in egalitarian societies relate to economic differences?

differences in prestige do not create economic differences in egalitarian societies

which of the following tends to be associated with full-time occupational specialization?

differences in prestige, wealth, and power

Through which process of cultural borrowing did the greeks acquire the alphabet

diffusion through intermediate contact

Which of the following ideas gives added weight to the role of culture in the process of biological evolution?

dual-inheritance theory

Which of the following would be an example of a subj specialization within cultural anthropology?

economic anthropology

The Etoro of New Guinea believed that male homosexuality______.

encouraged crops to grow

which of the following is incompatible with a universal standard of human rights?

extreme cultural relativism

According to "Arranging a Marriage in India," being in the military makes a man a very desirable candidate for marriage.

false

As described in "Too Many Bananas..." the woman who brought the anthropologist's family bananas when they had too many admitted that she, also, had more bananas than she could use.

false

As noted in "The Berdache Tradition," in American Indian religion, the spirit of a human is superior to all animal spirits.

false

In "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," it is reported that the !Kung Bushmen only insult boastful outsiders, never members of their own tribe.

false

Melvyn C. Goldstein states in "When Brothers Share a Wife" that the practice of fraternal polyandry is practiced in Tibet because of the shortage of females caused by female infanticide.

false

how does growing a cash crop influence the way of life for farmers in agricultural societies?

farmers need to increase production in order to pay additional rent and taxes

When the author of "Too Many Bananas..." thought that his family had too many bananas, he was advised by the leader of the village to:

feed his guests bananas when they were hungry.

In "Missing Girls", female _______ is the term used in India for sex-selective abortion.

feticide

how did the Kung traditionally distribute meat?

first to the hunters who killed the animal and then according to kinship ties

Which of the following is an example of a life form term

fish

What happens when there is linguistic convergance

general processes of linguistic change produce similarities in unrelated languages

Why do some scientists question where the presence of the FOXP2 gene is clear evidence that neanderthals had language

genes can have multiple purposes

As she explains in "Shakespeare in the Bush," Laura Bohannan encountered a major translation problem in telling the story of "Hamlet" to the Tiv, because they had no word or concept for:

ghost

Among the Kwakiutl, what was the main way of proving one's high status?

giving away wealth

which of the following is used in some societies to decrease extramarital sex?

gossip

which of the following is an example of theoretical construct?

gravity

compared to females, which of the following physical characteristics is associated with human males?

greater aerobic capacity

As explained in "Missing Girls," prosperous families in India are rejecting daughters because of the:

growth of dowries.

Which of the following contributions did Franz Boas make?

he showed that certain characteristics were tied to where a person grew up, not their biology.

when filling out a census in the United States, respondents may mistakenly think that_____.

race is an important biological category

which of the following perspectives recognizes women's contribution to the work of hunting for subsistence?

realizing that hunting involves food preparation and distribution

Which of the following suggests the truth of a relationship between variables

repeated observation

What makes anthropologists holistic?

integrated whole

Prior to 1948, there were laws in the United States that did what?

restricted which neighborhoods people from different classes could live in

which widely accepted assumption regarding the transition to intensive agriculture has recently come into question?

intensive agriculture requires more work than horticulture.

which of the following research projects would involve kinesics?

investigating how facial expressions correspond to emotions

which of the following statements about the presence of men and women in political leadership positions is correct?

the number of men far outweighs the number of women in formal leadership positions

As explained in "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," Richard Borshay Lee found that:

the response of people to a gift can be instructive about their culture.

Why is the gap between rich and poor likely to widen during periods of rapid technological change?

the rich adopt innovations sooner and benefit more from them than the poor

As discussed in "The Berdache Tradition," the emphasis of American Indian religions is on:

the spiritual nature of all things.

What does a comparison of Turkish and English indicate about child language acquisition?

the structure of a language plays a part in determining when children acquire grammatical features

Researchers who support the idea of multilinear evolution look at ____

the way a particular culture evolves in a particular environment

Which of the following would indicate how important a norm is in a certain society?

the way people respond when it is violated

Why would Samoans say "kerisimasi" instead of "Christmas"?

their language alternates consonants and vowels rather than blending them

which of the following statements about the biological concept of race is correct?

there is more physical and genetic diversity within a racial group than between racial groups.

According to "When Brothers Share a Wife," in a polyandrous marriage:

there is only one set of heirs in a generation.

why are traditional festivals and celebrations less influential than some other factors in retaining a "mother tongue" among immigrant groups?

they do not occur every day

why would competitive feasting among agriculturalists act as an adaptive mechanism?

they encourage people to produce a surplus that could be used in the event of crop failure.

how did negative stereotypes of Native Americans influence colonialism in North America?

they helped justify conquering Native Americans and taking their land.

How do verbs in navajo seem to be a reflection of culture?

they indicate whether something is in motion

how did scholars learn that human females who received more androgen were more aggressive than those who did not?

they looked at females whose mothers received androgenizing medications while they were pregnant.

why would permanent ownership of land be uncommon among horticulturalists?

they need to be able to switch to different areas of land when soil nutrients are depleted.

How do historicallinguists study changes in languages that were never written?

they reconstruct changes by comparing similar contemporary languages

why are women less affected by food shortages than mean?

they store more body fat

what happened to members of indigenous populations who were forced onto reservations by colonial powers in Africa?

they were forced to work on plantations and in mines

which of the following describes traditional settlement patterns among the Ngatatjara?

they were nomadic and lived in small, isolated groups in a region with low population density.

In egalitarian societies, how do people ensure qual access to resources?

through sharing

which of the following is considered the main way that culture is transmitted?

through spoken language

What are two common ways that languages combine morphs to generate meaning

through word order and/or the attachment of bound morphemes

which of the following would be an anthropological reason for studying the qualities of an individual political leader?

to ascertain whether certain qualities in a leader are universally prefferred

What is the goal of a linguist who studies syntax

to describe the rules underlying the formation of phrases and sentences

How could researchers best use whitings theory about postpartum sex taboos?

to develop hypotheses about which social changes might result in the taboo's disappearance.

why does the author include the example about African Americans' milk-drinking habits in the 1960s?

to illustrate how the broad scope of anthropology generates explanations for human behavior

Why does the author ite the mayan temple of chichen itza along with its remains such as broken pottery and garbage heaps

to illustrate the variety of artifacts archaeologists study to gather information

why did the Mundurucu of Brazil begin assigning individual land rights?

to protect individual access to rubber tress

What is the most likely reason that paleoanthropologist would study the succesion of climates?

to see how broad weather patterns might have affected early humans

In societies in which women are highly involved in primary subsistence activities, girls are more likely to be _____.

trained to be industrious

in which environment would foragers have been unable to survive until recently?

tropical Forests

According to "When Brothers Share a Wife," the eldest brother in a household usually exercises the authority.

true

As explained in "Too Many Bananas..." most of the gifts that were brought to the family were intended for the children.

true

As listed in "Missing Girls," among the items expected as part of a dowry in India are a television, a motorcycle or car, a refrigerator, a washing machine, and quantities of gold.

true

Xaniths in Oman are distinguished from men and women through which of the following?

wearing unpatterned , light-colored clothing

why would living in a smaller community predict greater success for women in the political sphere?

when a community is small, women will know more people personally

when is it possible for societies to develop stratified systems involving permanent wealth?

when land begins to have enduring value and kin groups are able to defend it

According to "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," the !Kung Bushmen insult one another:

when one is boastful.

Which circumstances can increase the speed at which an innovation is adopted throughout a population

when people are exposed to various teachers

under what circumstances are whistled languages likely to develop?

when there are low-density population that need to communicate over long distances

When would a researcher need to collect information from a large sample of people in a society?

when there is a lot of variation or people cannot easily state their behavioral patterns

Under what circumstances are foragers more likely to collectively own large tracts of land rather than individual parcels?

when wild food sources fluctuate

which of the following do anthropologists need to consider when determining whether a pastoral society is egalitarian?

whether inequalities in resource ownership affect the ability of one to acquire power or prestige

what question is raised by Betzig's study of Ifaluk society?

whether rank societies have true economic equality

With respect to Whitings theory about postpartum sex taboos which of the following would researchers have difficulty verifying?

whether that behavior alone increases ones chances of reproductive success

In a society with only two basic color terms which word would be used to describe a ripe banana

white

The author of "Shakespeare in the Bush" notes that in the Tiv language, the word for "scholar" also means _____.

witch

which of the following areas are Mbuti men and women treated differently>

with respect to extramarital sex

Among the Mbuti, rights and privileges are substantially differentiated______.

within the family unit

how do people in agricultural villages in Nepal provide care for their children and accomplish their work?

women ask other people to watch and feed their infants while they perform arduous agricultural work.

which of the following statements about men and women's work among the Tchambuli of New Guinea is correct?

women worked more and contributed more to the diet than men

which of the following is an example of how the use of names creates ethnic group boundaries?

"Japanese American" establishes a different identity than "Asian American"

Curiosity about_____ drives the discipline of anthropology.

human beings

Which of the following decreases social inequalities?

industrialization

which of the following was influential in shaping Seminole cultural identity?

removal to reservations

How has globalization changed many cultures

they have become more commercial and urban

There is evidence that the language one speaks has an influence on one's ability to ("How Language Shapes Thought")

( do all of these. ) figure out one's gender early in life. remember who caused an accident. sense direction.

which of the following would have been characteristic of a Cheyenne two -spirit?

A Cheyenne male two- spirit would dress and work as a women

What did the color term study conected by berlin and kay show?

basic color terms evolve according to a universal sequence

A basic color term needs to have which of the following properties

be composed of a single morph

which of the following distinctions between activities would be explained by the compatibility theory?

Among some foragers, women collect honey from bees that do nit sting, while men collect other honey .

which of the following illustrates how the Trobriand Islanders approached premarital sex?

At puberty, boys and girls were given instruction in sex and opportunities for intimacy

how did boys in the Six Cultures study behave in terms of dependency?

Boys tended to seek attention and approval

Babies in tropical areas with low-protein diets are susceptible to a disease called kwashiorkor what can help a babys chance of survival.

Breastfeeding for a long period of time

which of the following is an example of the type of "telegraph" sentences typical of 2-years-old?

Doggy go.

which of the following was a result of the economic changes that occurred in Tikopia between 1929 and 1952?

Economic units made up od extended families started to break down.

How can education be an instrument of acculturation

Education may be used to teach the dominant cultures value to members of a minority subculture

which of the following is an example of how social context can influence the way people communicate?

English speakers use each other's first names when they have a casual social relationship

which of the following people provides the best example of someone using power to get what he or she wants?

Goragers follow the advice of a well-respected hunter when deciding when to move camp.

which of the following have been suggested as a theoretical explanation for why the abeam of New Guinea grow giant ceremonial yams?

Growing yams competitively fosters harmony in the community

Which of the following would be considered a subculture?

Haitian immigrant culture in the US

how does the Camars' traditional occupation of removing leads cattle reinforce their caste status?

Handing dead animals and eating beef are both considered unclean in Hindu society.

which statement about racial categories in South Africa under apartheid is correct?

Important people of African ancestry from other countries were often considered "white"

How are racial categories of "black" and "white" different in Latin America compared to those in the United States?

In Latin America there are continuums of racial categories based on skin color.

which of the following statements about same-sex relationship hold true cross-culturally?

In most societies, it is rare to find people who are exclusively homosexual throughout their lives.

what did Paul Shankman suggest with respect to the Mead-fREEMAN CONTROVERSY?

considering changing times and social contexts, both researchers' observations may be valid.

Who was the first anthro to advocate the study of cultural ecology?

Julian Steward

how did the Toda of India fulfill their primary subsistence needs?

Men prepared and sold the dairy products they made from water buffalo milk.

which of the following describes a common way that earnings from migrant labor are distributed of family members?

Money is sent to family members in their home country through an informal network of brokers.

How did the Nupe system of slavery in Nigeria from that in the United States?

The Nupe slaves were treated well and had many more rights

Which of the following would be an ex of glorifying another people's culture?

considering the !Kung to be the ideal altruists because they have a long history of sharing

why is genealogy important in many rank societies?

Often the position of chief is assigned to a member of a specific Kinship group

which of the following is an example of generalized reciprocity?

Parents going food and clothing to their children

Why is cultural change capable of occurring more rapidly than genetic change?

People can choose to adopt new culutral practices but not which genes they inherit

why do the Yanomami hunt and fish in addition to growing crops?

Their crops yield little in the way of protein- rich foods.

According to "When Brothers Share a Wife," polyandry in Tibet:

consists of brothers marrying the same woman.

which of the following was used to justify the system of slavery practiced in the United States?

Religious writings out of context implied that dark-skinned people were inferior

Which of the following seems to be a counterreaction to the influences of globalization?

Shamans are speaking out publicly against biopiracy

What is the next step once a statistically significant association is shown to be predictable from a theory?

continue to test the theory

which of the following vocabulary does not increase with increased social of technological complexity?

core vocab.

During colonial times, what assumption about the people of Rwanda did E utopians make?

The Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa were members of separate biological groups.

which of the following may be responsible for the spread of Bothe Into-European and Bantu Languages?

Technology that gives each cultural group advantages over other people in the region

When a drink is accidentally spilled, which of the following speakers is more likely to notice who did it? ("How Language Shapes Thought")

The English-speaker.

which of the following contradicts the theory that women's status is linked to their contribution to primary subsistence activities?

The status of women in hunting societies is relatively high.

why would some foraging societies exhibit more intercommunity conflict than others?

They are competing over access to good fishing sites.

What was the reaction of many Europeans when they first encountered the cultures of faraway places?

They were shocked and revolted

People who think differently about space are also likely to think differently about time. ("How Language Shapes Thought")

True

Storytelling is a skilled art among the Tiv, as noted in "Shakespeare in the Bush."

True

which of the following describes the core practiced in the Chiang Mai area of Thailand?

Villagers plowed a certain area of land for the benefit of their rulers.

which of the following correctly summarizes the relationship between status and warfare?

Warfare does not lower women's status on a consistent basis cross-culturally.

Following Deborah Tannen's research, how would you expect men and women to react to someone expressing that they are dissatisfied?

Women would express empathy. Men would offer solutions.

What initial discovery led to the idea of an Indo-European protolanguage?

a British scholar in india noticed similarities between sanskrit and classical greek and latin

What is the relationship between a rebellion and a revolution

a rebellion against authority may or may not result in a revolution

According to "The Berdache Tradition," American Indians believe that when a person becomes a berdache:

a supernatural force is responsible.

what is needed in order to develop better theories about why there are near universal patterns in the way societies divide labor by gender?

a systematic study of the requirements of different forms of work

How might an anthropologists interest in monetary systems differ from that of an economist

an anthropoogist would be more interested in why moneyary systems vary from one culture to another

Which of the following to remember when conducting regional comparisons?

an explanation that fits one region should explain similar phenomena in other regions

What does the example of the Namericans finding themselves in the kalahari desert teach us?

anthro helps us understand other cultures rather than judge them

which of the following statements about anthropology, or those which study anthropology, is correct?

anthropologists study human universals as well as variation

Which of the following illustrates a holistic approach in anthropology?

archaeological study of the connection between gender health and settlement patterns in peru

Which of the following processes is similar to acculturation but occurs at the individual level

assimilation

Saying that long postpartum sex taboos tend to be found in societies with low-protein diets is an example of a/an_______

association

As noted in "Shakespeare in the Bush" the author's experience validates the conclusion that

character motivations in literature are not easily understandable by all cultures.

Which of the following is an aspect of culture?

childrearing practices

which of the following illustrates one way that differences in social status can affect speech?

children are addressed by first name, but they address adults by title and name

What change was seen in division of labor practiced by the ! Kung when they transitioned from nomadic foraging to settled food production?

children began to work taking care of animals, harvesting crops, and processing food.

Which of the following suggests a genetic component to language acquisition?

children begin speaking at around the same age all over the world

how do class societies differ from rank societies?

class societies give social groups unequal access to economic resources, power, and prestige.

which of the following is form of measurement?

classification

what do slash-and-burn techniques accomplish?

clearing fields and returning nutrients to the soil

Which linguistic features can indicate where the speakers of an ancestral language originated?

cognates for plants and animals

Which psychological human trait is thought to lead to the integration of culutral traits

cognitive consistency

Which of the following is needed to generate culture

communicating with other people

what type of study was conducted by the International Potato Center?

comparative research using the Human Relations Area Files

Increasingly, anthropologists are turning their attention to the study of _________.

complex societies and Western cultures

which of the following is more commonly seen among girls cross-culturally than boys?

complying with adult direction

Which of the following indicates that social stratification began within the last 8,00 years?

houses in archeological sites before 8,00 YEARS AGO SHOW LITTLE VARIATION.

which of the following would be an example of how rational decision making can lead to consistency among culutral behaviors?

in a society in which children and parents sleep separately, people build larger houses.

which of the following statements about prestige is accurate?

in most societies, individuals have unequal access to prestige based on age, gender, or ability

Under what circumstances are new languages likely to develop?

in situations of prolonged culture contact

Cultural traits resemble genetic traits in that they will______

increase in a population over time if they incrase chances of survival and reproduction

which of the following consequences of globalization had led to an increase in the spread of malaria?

increased deforestation

what idea is behind the right of eminent domain?

individual property owners have obligations to the greater good of society.

19th century thinkers attriubuted the failure of non european cultures to become "civilized" to_____

innate capacities of race

which of the following is characteristic of private property systems?

the division of land into measurable units

by what mechanism does testosterone influence aggressive and violent behavior in males?

the emotional center of the brain sends a signal that causes a surge in testosterone.

which of the following has recently become the goal of most counties in terms of written language?

the establishment of universal literacy

Which process was largely responsible for the creation of new technologies during prehistoric times

unconscious invention

which of the following is the result of the way foragers respond to local environmental conditions?

variation in economic behavior and social structure among groups who share a common ancestry

Which of the following would be of interest to a phonologist

vat and bat

In "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," author Richard Borshay Lee claims that it is a general custom among the !Kung Bushmen to insult the animal that a man has tracked down and killed and that he intends to share with the rest of the tribe because they:

want to enforce general humility and prevent that man from boasting and thinking of the tribe as his servants or inferiors.