Anthro 101 Final Exam : Previous Questions
Globalization has increased the flow of money, information, and goods. Barriers that inhibit the flow of people are more difficult to overcome. Which of the following is a primary barrier migrants need to overcome?
Border regulation and inspection
The use of a voodoo doll would be characteristic of what?
Both imitative and contagious magic
According to your textbook, the adoption of participant observation as a core fieldwork strategy can first be attributed to the work of...
Bronislaw Malinowski
The Amchi are traditional healers discussed in the text. Their practices have roots in which religion?
Buddhism
McCurdy tells us that Susan Stanton's technique/approach at UTC ultimately undermined her authority as manager.
False
One of the women in Home Economics says she is glad to live in the Antelope Valley, and the other said she would never do it again.
False
Rites of inversion often upset established social strata or roles on an inadvertent but permanent basis.
False
Self-consciousness is always detrimental when taking fieldnotes.
False
Since the local justice system (police, courts, etc) never had exposure to Gypsy culture, they required the help of an anthropologist to aid in the prosecution.
False
Technologically-developed cultures have advanced enough to, by-and-large, eschew a belief in magic.
False
The !Kung abandoned hunting and gathering for the most part and begin to practice agriculture.
False
The United States is a rare example of a society with open access to upward social mobility for anyone who is hardworking, skilled, and talented.
False
The academic pathway is still the most common and reliable trajectory for a career in anthropology.
False
The author describes the three criteria frequently used to distinguish luck or superstition from true magic.
False
The indigenous people described in the "Eating Christmas..." article were purposefully uncooperative and resentful of the author's presence.
False
The movie "Asante Market Women" demonstrates that when women dominate a social institution, such as the marketplace, they form egalitarian coalitions to govern, devoid of hierarchy.
False
The principle of hegemony has historically been used by anthropologists to explain the persistence of violence in power structures.
False
From reading about childbirth throughout different cultures, what can we infer, based on the text?
Illness and pain are experienced differently by different cultures
Religious rituals such as bat mitzvahs or baptisms are used to celebrate a symbolic transition from one stage of life to the next. What do we call these types of ritual?
Rites of passage
What happened when the government tried to change the timing of Eka Dasa Rudra?
Mt. Agung erupted and killed a lot of people
Number our Days is the title given to Myerhoff's ethnography, both book and film. What can we take this to mean?
Old age can be viewed as a privilege
1/5 of the human population holds 2/3 of the wealth. This difference is a recent occurrence in terms of human history and the problem is worsening.
True
Following the section on religion and revolution in Mexico, how does this example counter the ideas of Karl Marx?
Religion was a source of empowerment for the poor
How are shamans described in the text?
Religious practitioners with special abilities to connect humans with supernatural powers or beings
As discussed in lecture, the population increase per year will drop precipitously in our lifetimes. Why will the population stop increasing year-to-year among poorer nations?
Resource scarcity
Melville Herskovits and his wife hoped their research would have the effect of...
Restoring black self-esteem
In 1965, the United States passed legislation that changed immigration patterns thereafter. What policy did the United States adopt?
Restrictions on immigration based on quotas by nationality were lifted
According to lecture, which of these are among the universal aspects of humor?
Ridicule of the sacred, foreigners, sex, and harm
Income refers to a person's earnings, whereas wealth refers to the value of what the individual owns. Which measurement of money shows more disparity among people?
Wealth
Under what general circumstances do humans evoke magic?
When faced with important but uncertain situations where the result is beyond their control
The importance of puppetry in Balinese ritual is demonstrated how?
When, counter to tradition, a female apprentice of a master puppeteer is urged to continue his craft immediately after his death
According to your text, which concept is NOT a key dynamic of globalization?
Widespread Anomie
Globalization has created unprecedented opportunities for the creation of wealth. Unfortunately, it has also produced...
Widespread poverty
Earlier anthropological analysis considered small-scale human groups in comparative isolation. Now, it is understood that all bands, tribes, and chiefdoms must function in what way?
Within the influence of the state
What is one way globalization has affected gender roles in contemporary society?
Women are better able to transform the nature of their interaction between the local realm and the global environment
Chimpanzees, which reside across Africa, primarily inhabit which of the following environments?
Woodland
Which aspect of indigenous highlander life does the film First Contact NOT touch upon?
Written language
Which of the following is often a part of nativist ideology?
Xenophobia
Do chimpanzees have culture?
Yes, each tribe displays behavior and customs all their own, so they have culture
Do all individuals or cultures practice magic?
Yes; magic is a human universal, but its expressed in different ways
"Dialect" refers to the way we speak. __________ refers to the way we write (or text.)
grapholect
According to lecture, Frazer's Law of Sympathetic Magic describes . . .
he combination of imitative and contagious magic.
Which of the following factors is named as a reason for a resurgence of religious practices in China since the 1900s?
he government no longer condemns religion
What is another term for the "glass ceiling" phenomenon that affects single mothers around the planet, as discussed in class?
the feminization of poverty
When a person (or "neophyte") has moved beyond their former role but has not yet entered a new one, they are said to be in...
the liminal stage
What is meant by a "health transition"?
the significant, but uneven, improvements in human health made over the course of the twentieth century
Unlike chimpanzees, bonobos...
use sex to reinforce a matriarchal social structure
The most common theme among the elderly community studied by Myerhoff is...
Loneliness
The earliest evidence of potential artistic activity in humans dates to around how many years ago?
100,000
Anthropologenia is a small country that was formerly a colony of Great Britain. Many English people migrated there and settled, but they didn't drive out or kill off the local natives for the most part. Nowadays, the population is diverse and the culture takes from both native and English influences. With a postcolonial studies perspective, what type of society is this?
A mixed postcolony
In Asante Market Women, which is not a contributing factor to women's dominance in the marketplace?
Birth control
As featured in Chapter 14 of the text, Margaret Mead calls for a recognition of militarism as a problem before making any attempts to change it. What else did she advocate for?
A belief that social invention is possible
One effect of globalization discussed in the article "When Brothers Share a Wife" is...
A changing economic environment which has diminished the incidence of Tibetan polyandry
Which of the following is true?
A disease is a discrete, natural entity; illness is the individual's experience of being unwell
According to Dr. White, how long does it usually take to begin generating substantive data for an ethnographic study?
A few years
What does cultural relativism achieve?
A perspective on life as it would be as a member of another culture
What item did director Jenny Cool use to remind her consultant of what the Antelope Valley was like when she had first moved there?
A postcard
As reflected in the interviews with those indigenous persons featured in First Contact, the highlanders viewed the cultural changes resulting from contact as...
A relief from their "primitive" ways
How do anthropologists define caste?
A religious, cultural, and political system that serves to organize economic exploitation
According to David McCurdy, what is a "microculture"?
A small, discrete subset within a larger cultural group
Earlier in social science, poverty was viewed as a pathological aspect of society, as though it's a symptom of a dysfunctional culture. Now, so we may better understand its causes and address its implications, we examine poverty as . . .
A structural economic problem in stratified societies
Max Weber and Clifford Geertz would describe religion as . . .
A system of ideas surrounding a set of powerful symbols.
Todd was chatting with Bri in the dugout and pointed out that a no-hitter was in progress. She then became nervous about the continued success of the pitcher, so she flipped her lucky ball cap backward. What is described here?
A taboo and a fetish
Which of these least meets the qualification for "symbol," as defined in the text?
A water fountain
The author notes that Western women entering the workforce and the migrant women they employ share WHAT in common?
Ambition
Pidgin languages are an example of the effects of . . .
Acculturation
Why are band-level societies considered the "original affluent societies"?
Adoption of early agriculture diminished health and promoted hierarchy
In the film, art is said to be an integral and ubiquitous part of the Balinese culture depicted. Which art form is not represented?
All of these are depicted in the film
According to this week's lecture, a(n) _________ is a morpheme (such as the plural form in English) that sounds different but has the same meaning.
Allomorph
As diversity increases in the United States, a likely effect will be . . .
An increase in sociopolitical tension
The period of time during which human activity permanently reshaped the planet is referred to as . . .
Anthropocene
Today, most jobs in anthropology are in . . .
Applied anthropology
Which of the following lists the four main branches of anthropology?
Archaeological, Biological, Cultural, and Linguistic
How do cultural anthropologists view the concept of race?
As a framework of categories created to divide the human population
How do anthropologists define the term "refugee"?
As a peson who has been forced to move beyond their national borders due to natural disaster, persecution, or violence
The authority of Melville Herskovits on African American studies has been challenged. Who has the right to speak up for other people? A mitigating factor to the criticism is...
As part of a persecuted minority, Hershkovits had a framework for understanding African American struggles
Barbara Myerhoff studies old Jewish folks because she thinks . . .
Autoethnography, or the study of one's own people, has a special validity
In the movie Home Economics, the home lives of two different women are featured. One describes a fairly elaborate bartering / trading scheme she and her neighbors have developed. What is their trading pattern an example of? How can we predict their interpersonal relationships to be?
Balanced reciprocity / friendly
Anthropologists in the tradition of Elman Service have described the origins of human political history in terms of:
Bands, tribes, chiefdoms, states
In the film Do You Speak American? Up North, the linguist who studies Pittsburghese is
Barbara Johnstone
Why is understanding the concept of naive realism important to the study of anthropology?
Because we must understand that people view the world differently in order to begin studying why they view it differently
How did Weber's work extend beyond the ideas of Karl Marx? He supplemented Marx's work by . . .
Considering the role of power and prestige in the stratification of wealth
Some members of the community are upset after the Sabbath because they think . . .
Certain members only attend to receive donations
The greater Los Angeles area has one of the largest populations of Armenians outside of the country itself. However, there aren't many Armenians spread out across the rest of the United States. What could account for their concentration in one area of the United States?
Chain migration
Under which social structure do the people of Tanna seem to operate?
Chiefdom
Racism, as it persists throughout the world today, is largely due to the influence of . .
Colonialism
Through the process of ________, European powers redrew the map of the world and fundamentally reorganized the political and economic balance of power on a global scale between the years of 1500 and 1800.
Colonialism
Why did early European settlers misinterpret "Indian giving," according to Cronk?
Colonists, like most people, weren't able to immediately pick up the symbolic meaning of others' actions
Rites of intensification can have a similar function as...
Communitas
How is the anthropological approach to art unique? It considers . . .
Community and context
Contrasted against his contemporaries in Europe, it was unique that Franz Boas...
Considering the past during ethnographic analysis rather than only attempting to study the present "structure" of a culture
Which is NOT an example of applied anthropology?
Cross-cultural analysis of rites of passage
As demonstrated in Sutherland's paper . . .
Culture is highly influential in our development of substantive law
What did applied archaeologists (garbologists) learn about in their research?
Drinking habits of suburbanites
Which choice lists 1. an ascribed status and 2. an achieved status, respectively?
Daughter; Doctor
What differentiates the core from the followers of an organization?
Devotion to the cause rather than the capital
The four patterns of migration described in the article fit the criteria to be considered WHAT, as outlined in chapter seven?
Diaspora
Racial categories, as a social concept, are determined by . . .
Each culture
The Virgin of Guadalupe is noted in this article to be important in many aspects of culture. In which aspect of culture is she least influential?
Education
In The Three Worlds of Bali, who guards religious traditions most closely?
Elder Priests
The characterization of the sacred, the profane, and the practical effects of religious ritual may be attributed to whom?
Emile Durkheim
In the anthropological view, Western biomedicine draws heavily on . . .
Enlightenment values
Ethnic groups establish myths, beliefs, and behaviors that set them apart from others while helping to identify members of one's own group. Anthropologists refer to these as
Ethnic boundary markers
How is ethnicity different from race?
Ethnicity is more about culture than phenotype
It is important to understand a culture from an etic perspective prior to studying the culture from an emic perspective.
False
To make the unfamiliar feel less strange is a goal of . . .
Ethnographic fieldwork
What is the difference between explicit and tacit culture?
Explicit culture is easily described by members, whereas tacit culture isn't always apparent
According to Malinowski, the study of daily life (the quotidian) is far less important than the study of a culture's idiosyncrasies, anomalies, or unique traits.
False
Anthropological research is often concerned with describing human universals - patterns of behavior that can be seen in similar forms across cultures. Anthropologists have found strong universal patterns in aesthetic value and art across cultures
False
Anthropologists are particularly interested in studying ritual because of how it distinguishes humans from other animals.
False
Anthropology relies on rigorously developed experiments to collect data.
False
As evidenced by the marriage customs in "When Brothers Share a Wife," economic considerations do not play a role in kinship structures.
False
Christianity was adopted peacefully by most Tannans, as shown by their devotion to the Church today.
False
Current anthropology demonstrates that humans can be grouped into different subspecies (races) based on genomic research.
False
Due to the gender parity brought on by globalization, migration has increased among women leaving poor countries as they take on traditionally-male jobs.
False
Ethnographer Richard Lee is surprised that the Bushmen's culture has survived despite being fairly powerless.
False
Genetic variance is greater among humans compared to species that have existed longer, which may be why, according to anthropologists, race has become such a prevalent social phenomenon.
False
Humans exhibit significant sexual dimorphism compared to other animals.
False
In most languages, like English, phrases are syntactically-organized in the order of subject-verb-object.
False
Sometimes, anthropologists use an ethnographic approach that may include a fictionalized account of their research subjects. The inclusion of which of the following distinguishes ethnographic work from fiction?
Field notes and participant observation
Chapter eight poses the question, are men and women born or made? With which statement would an anthropologist most likely agree?
Gender is a product of biology and enculturation
Why is gender an important topic for anthropologists?
Gender is constructed to be a central element in every aspect of human culture.
According to the work of Pierre Bourdieu, social reproduction is brought on by the _____ and results in a lack of _____.
Habitus, social mobility
Josephine, the migrant featured most prominently in the article, was motivated to move to Greece because . . .
Her divorce left her in poverty at home; she went abroad to send money home to her children
Johanna's error in judgement stemmed from . .
Her ignorance to the importance of social class in Barbados
What is considered to be one of the greatest contributions of Margaret Mead's work with young women in American Samoa?
Her work challenged the assumption that U.S. attitudes toward sexuality reflected universal human traits
For immigrants, gaining social capital in their new home is a struggle sometimes. Which of the following is NOT a form of social capital immigrants often seek?
Higher wages
Which two terms refer to similar ideas?
Hijra, two-spirit
Critical medical anthropology studies what?
How inequality impacts human health
Margaret Mead's research helped advance our understanding of ...
Human sexuality
What primarily distinguishes human language from the communication/language in other animals?
Humans complex use of symbols, words, and sentences
Which describes one key aspect crucial to our understanding of the idea of culture?
Humans learn culture throughout their lives
The film documents about 27 years of recent !Kung history. How do hunting practices change over the course of the film?
Hunters use horses now, but are afraid of arrest
Which is an implication of the matrilineal kinship structure depicted in the movie Asante Market Women?
Inheritance is directed to a man's sister; thus, women work to support themselves
Refering to Lee Cronk's article on reciprocity, which is NOT a commonly observed purpose of gift giving?
Instigation of violence
Around 1.7% of individuals are not identifiable as solely male or female based on sex characteristics or sex chromosomes at birth. How do we refer to this group of people?
Intersex
What advantage does the comprehensive method of note taking provide?
It allows recall of events that weren't seemingly significant in the moment, but may be insightful later on
According to the text, which of the following is a key reason that immigration continues to be a controversial issue in the United States?
It is commonly perceived that the diversity of the current generation of migrants raises cultural challenges.
Why do anthropologists consider sexuality an important topic in their field?
It provides a better understanding of the diverse expressions of sexuality worldwide
Why are social scientists and anthropologists ultimately unconcerned with the truth or falsity of any given religion?
It's more important to understand the ways religion is real, meaningful, and powerful to those who believe.
Which factor(s) have contributed most to wealth disparity in the United States?
Jim Crowe laws, colonialism
What is the name given to those community members designated to assist anthropologists as they conduct field work?
Key informants
Which of these best describes the perspective of the indigenous folks interviewed for the filming of First Contact? The Australian prospectors were...
Kind, but hard
The film shows a variety of European / !Kung interactions. What part of !Kung culture seems least changed by contact?
Language
What is meant by the term "language continuum"?
Language variance emerges gradually across space and time
Which of the following have been observed in chimpanzees? Please select all that apply.
Language, Tool Use, Compassion
Which answer provides two examples of descent groups as used by anthropologists?
Lineages and clans
"Cake! I don't buy myself a piece of cake! I don't buy it...!" - What does Mike mean by this?
Love is not a commodity; to love someone is a gift.
You go to the neighborhood bodega to purchase a banana for your breakfast. This is an example of . . .
Market exchange
According to the text, what comprises systems of kinship?
Meaning and power
Variance in language use between genders can give rise to stereotypes, like that women never seem to stop talking. The textbook contradicts this particular myth with findings that show...
Men adopt linguistic strategies that serve to maintain conversational dominance
How do anthropologists conceptualize migration as a gendered phenomenon?
Migration by women has forced kin to adjust to shifting gender roles and family structures
The textbook notes that globalization has shaped religion. What specific forces does it implicate?
Migration, time-space compression
What was the impetus for the War of the Mormon Cow?
Misunderstanding of cultural differences
Which of the following is NOT a social universal for humans?
Monogamy
Karl Marx studied . . .
Mounting inequality in emergent capitalist economies
What is one consequence of the health transition?
Overall human life expectancy has doubled in the last century
The general population (of non-anthropologists) divides races according to ______ .
Phenotype
Select the answer that does not correctly enumerate a cultural artifact, a cultural behavior, and a cultural knowledge.
Plant, sprouting, nature
How is the border between/among languages established?
Politically
Racialization is often influenced most by ...
Politics and culture
The group of men interviewed in Asante Market Women seems to agree that . . .
Polygamy is an important tradition to preserve in Asante culture
How can we generalize the difference between white poverty and poverty experienced by people of color?
Poverty changes in rural versus urban environments
The ability or potential to bring about change through action or influence—either one's own or that of a group of institution—describes...
Power
In America granting privileges like voting to poor whites had the effect of . . .
Preventing intersectionality and promoting racialization
Ethnographers try to understand which important aspects of an art market?
Production, consumption, and distribution
Which two concepts share similar characteristics from a functional perspective?
Proletariat, dalits (untouchables)
Which of the following is NOT a common aspect of local expressions of religion?
Proselytism and the conversion of nonbelievers into the faith
A primary goal of this article is to...
Provide a relatable example as evidence for Malinowski's hypothesis
How might we differentiate racists and racialists?
Racists believe in biologically-determinable race, racialists believe one of these races is superior to others.
Urban anthropology is an increasingly useful area of study because . . .
Relatively more people live in cities every year
Which aspect of Asante culture is not emphasized in the ethnographic interviews with local women?
Religion
How do we differentiate sex and gender?
Sex refers to observable physical differences between males and females; gender refers to expectations of thought and behavior that culture assigns to the sexes
Some governments attempt to criminalize sex work through legal and social sanctions. What is the functional effect of this?
Sex workers must conduct their business covertly, putting them at a higher risk for violence
Following the research by Alfred Kinsey cited in the text, we may understand that...
Sexual behavior is best understood as a continuum
According to McCurdy, the manager at UTC, Susan Stanton, is successful in her new role in part because...
She adopts an ethnographic strategy
The film shows some of the !Kung attending a Christian service. Afterwards, the ethnographers interview the pastor and N!ai separately. What does N!ai think of the sermon?
She thinks the story told is fictional and absurd because it would be unrealistic in her culture
The purpose of including the economic example of the Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) in the opening of Chapter 12 on economics, mainly, was to...
Show the impact of global commodity chains as they connect distant producers to consumers and blur the notion of distinct national territories
Anthropologists use the term "phoneme" to describe...
Small units of sound upon which "meaning" may hinge
The two women featured in Home Economics share stories and opinions that show the symbolism tied up in their houses. For the fidgety woman, whose brunette daughter is interviewed in the back yard, what is her house a symbol of?
Status and hard work
According to lecture, where did Dr. White conduct a preliminary study of gender differences as pertains to speakers?
Stratosphere Tower
To greet a friend with a kiss on the cheek is common in many countries of Latin America, whereas in North America it is more common to present with a handshake or perhaps a hug. We refer to actions like these as . . .
Symbolic
Bri's cat licks her paw four times before wiping her face clean, every time. Todd's dog dances in two circles before ducking his head into his harness when he wants to go on a walk. Is there a difference between ritual and routine?
The cat performs a routine, the dog performs a ritual
The role of anthropology today in examining racism (racialism) is, at best . . .
To analyze and confront persistent issues of race and racism
The explicit purpose of the Balinese rituals depicted is . . .
To appease the gods and demons and gain their favor
Institutionalized racism ( or racialism) refers to . . .
Systemic problems that promote racialism on a large scale
Which of the following aspects of Nacirema culture does the author describe? Select ALL that apply.
Technology, Ritual, Sexuality
Following the attacks on Sept. 11, 2001 at the World Trade Center in New York City, attempts to use art to facilitate cultural understanding were undertaken. Anthropologist Jessica Winegar found that . . .
The art reinforced stereotypes and existing dichotomies
What is causing an increase in migrant women moving into wealthy countries?
The care deficit; women of wealthy nations work and need childcare, and women of impoverished nations desire to flee
Ethnomedicine refers to . . .
The comparative study of local systems of health and healing
The microbiome is . . .
The complete collection of microorganisms in a bodily system
How is sexuality understood by anthropologists? It refers to...
The desires, beliefs, and behaviors related to erotic physical contact and cultural ideas surrounding these desires, beliefs, and behaviors
To what are the origins of the concept of the state attributed?
The development of agriculture
Nationalism can be described as . . .
The intersection of the idea of ethnic community and the desire to maintain a nation-state
As seen in the film Herskovits at the Heart of Blackness, Melville Herskovits' main research interest, especially later in his career, was
The lingering cultural connections between blacks in the United States and African peoples
What is a consequence of anomie?
The loss of value placed upon people within a culture
A caveat to emphasizing Africanisms (the lingering influences of African culture in African American dance, language, etc.) was
The potential implication that the high crime rate among African Americans was an Africanism, too.
What has challenged nationalist movements in newly-formed nation-states or in regions rebuilding post-colonialism?
The presence of different ethnicities
Select all potential problems that may arise when using fieldnotes as data. (You should select more than one for this question.)
The researcher may not have assimilated well enough to the culture to gain insight A researcher may choose to write down only that which affirms her own preconceived ideas of a culture There may be bias when choosing which individuals to study
In your textbook, Kenneth Guest describes three factors that promote the invisibility of wealth stratification. These are...
The role of the media, voluntary isolation, and consumer culture
Which statement correctly describes the persistence of a social structure over time?
The state has weaker staying power than more decentralized systems
What is one result of anti-gay rhetoric found in many countries, including the United States?
The unification of many religious groups
Which is NOT a component of culture?
The variety of fauna local to a region
Which is NOT associated with the Virgin of Guadalupe?
The war fought in her name
A historical linguist might study . . .
The ways American English has deviated or remained similar to British English
What is the difference between modern art and primitive art, according to anthropologists?
There is no qualitative difference
Why do players evoke magic practices while hitting or pitching but not while fielding?
There is not a strong element of chance in fielding
The Hadza are a small hunter-gatherer group in Tanzania. They have no tribal or governing hierarchy. How can we describe the political system of the Hadza?
They are egalitarian
In the book Genealogies of Religion, by Talal Asad, Geertz and Weber are criticized. Why?
They didn't properly account for the role of authorizing processes in religion.
Melvyn Goldstein's article "When Brothers Share a Wife" shows that...
Tibetan polyandry has many functional purposes
In the film Waiting for John, which of these seems to be the ideal way of life for members of the John Frum movement?
To continue the customs of their ancestors
What is the primary purpose of the article "On Writing Fieldnotes"?
To discuss the factors that influence the content of fieldnotes
In the section on sports and national identity in Argentina, football (soccer) is discussed for what purpose?
To emphasize its profound impact on identity formation in a country of immigrants
Humans develop communitas to what aim?
To establish a sense of camaraderie to actualize a shared social vision
What is the main focus of the film N!ai: The Story of a !Kung Woman?
To examine the recent history of the !Kung through the life experience of N!ai
What is the purpose of rara festivals in Haiti?
To facilitate protests about social inequality and political repression (and have fun!)
When describing the characteristics of a nation, political scientist Benedict Anderson used the term "imagined community" for what purpose?
To highlight the fictive nature of the community; most people haven't met and never will
One of the foremost goals of applied anthropology today is . . .
To implement community-directed change
For the "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari" article, the purpose of the author was . . .
To provide a personal anecdote that illustrates the importance of cultural relativism
Pornography is frequently censored and subject to legal controls. These attacks generally result in an increase in its dissemination and consumption. Why, according to the text, do governments attempt to stop pornography?
To regulate discourse around sexuality
The gifting scenario we originally read in "Christmas in the Kalahari" was brought up again in Cronk's article. Why?
To show one example of a common phenomenon
What is the symbolic purpose of deferring reciprocity?
To signify the continuity of a relationship
Which of the following is a goal of ethnography?
To understand the significance of actions and events to a people from their perspectives
Josephine sends money, letters, etc back home frequently, but she almost never visits. With that emphasis, which type of immigrant is Josephine most identifiable as?
Transnational immigrant
What was identified as the root problem in the workflow at UTC?
Treatment of warehouse workers and morale
"Emic" is to "Etic" as "Descriptivism" is to "Prescriptivism"
True
According to Oxford English Dictionary editor Jesse Sheidlower (in Do You Speak American? Up North), language changes all the time, so we might as well embrace it.
True
As presented in the textbook, Wallerstein's world systems theory argues that nations and regions are divided into core, semiperiphery and periphery groups, with the core nations drawing resources and labor away from the periphery.
True
Kinship is the most effective strategy employed by humans to form stable, deeply-connected groups that persist over time.
True
Nation and nation-state, once defined separately, are mostly used synonymously and interchangeably now.
True
Professor White's work with Marty Gomez as presented in "On the pragmatics of an androgynous style of speaking " is an example of participant observation.
True
Sutherland's purpose in writing the paper was to illustrate that a sensitivity to cultural differences cannot resolve conflict, but that it can lead to a more humanitarian application of the law.
True
The World Health Organization proposes that health does not merely include the absence of disease and infirmity, but also encompasses complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
True
The human tendency toward ethnocentrism is similar to the tendency toward naïve realism.
True
The role of the "bigman" often exists in egalitarian societies, but it is he who holds the power to stratify society by keeping some of what he is supposed to give away.
True
While performing fieldwork, anthropologists must adopt the culture and practice local social norms.
True
According to lecture, Leslie White and Clifford Geertz would likely agree that...
Understanding symbolism within a culture is tantamount to understanding the culture as a whole
What do "identity entrepreneurs" do?
Use ethnicity as an ideological tool to propagate violence for political gain
What is the purpose of McCurdy's article, "Using Anthropology"?
Use of a case study to show the benefits of applied anthropology
Which of the following is true of gender roles and gender performance?
Viewing gender as performance enables us to broaden our thinking beyond dichotomies and universal categories of "man" and "woman"
The film "Number our Days", by Barbara Myerhoff, is an ethnographic movie. It is a great example of . . .
Visual anthropology
What is one microculture described in the article "Using Anthropology"?
Warehouse employees
What is different about French colonialism when compared to English colonialism? French colonialism . .
Was not motivated as much by business interests
According to the film Waiting for John, what do the followers believe is the relationship between Tanna and the United States?
a brotherhood
In the film Waiting for John, the people of Lamakara believe that John Frum will someday return with a ship full of goods for them. In anthropology, this specific type of belief system is known as __________.
a cargo cult
The word "tribe" generally refers to ...
a group of individuals bound together by a shared culture
In the article On the Pragmatics of an Androgynous Style of Speaking, what is the object that Dr. White called a "locus of androgyny"?
a pair of fuzzy red dice
Social scientists often discount a people's interpretation of their own customs. Here, Melvyn Goldstein notes that Tibetans...
are largely aware of the role polyandry plays in their society
Aggression and violence in humans stems from...
both cultural and biological
In the film Do You Speak American? Up North, the language featured on Daufuskie Island of the coast of South Carolina was an African American dialect
called Gullah
According to lecture, all of the following are grammatical concepts for verbs except
class
Sometimes, translating words between different languages is hard. For English-speakers, the word "leader" is fairly unambiguous, but it can take on a different significance when translated. This shows language is . . .
closely connected to local lore and values within a culture
The Virgin of Guadalupe, her maternal associations, and the social systems in place highlight the importance of the _____ in shaping Mexican identity.
colonial legacy
Once granted "external validity," a research study may...
extrapolate to a large population from a small sample size
In part, the advent of _________ brought on the dissolution of __________ .
intensive cultivation, egalitarianism
Bronislaw Malinowski influenced the field of anthropology by . . .
introducing the concept of fieldwork to the discipline
Advocates of positivism at the turn of the 20th century would argue that...
only a trained scientist could know objective reality
In George Gmelch's article "Baseball Magic", Gmelch relates the story of a player who went to the nearest restaurant and had a meal of iced tea and a tuna fish sandwich before every game. This is an example of:
ritual
Following Malinowski, Dr. White argues that magic and ritual exist on which three realms simultaneously?
scientific; personal; social
Your textbook suggests that "ecological overshoot" is a likely outcome of the current global economic system. This means that
the ability of the planet to provide for humanity's needs has been exceeded.
Advocates of positivism would argue that...
there is an objective reality which may be studied empirically
What is the primary purpose of this article?
to examine the functional aspects of the Guadalupe symbol
The main purpose of the article is (Nacirema) . . .
to expose the bias ethnographers often harbor when studying foreign peoples
