Anthropology Final
According to the lecture, the first evidence of domestication comes from about:
12,000 years ago
Capitalism is an example of:
A Market System
In "Too Many Bananas", what item did the author buy (with money) that Kolia demanded be returned?
A watermelon
Who taught Washoe (an ape) American Sign Language?
Allen and Beatrix Gardener
Ethnicity differs from race in that:
Ethnicity is a group that believes they share a common culture and/ or ancestry
Ethnobiologists are primarily interested in the conservation traditions of non-Western peoples.
False
Which is not a characteristic of civilization as defined in the lecture?
Gender Stratification
According to the lecture, the scientific consensus on human-driven (anthropogenic) climate change refers to:
Multiple studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals show that 97 percent or more of actively publishing climate scientists agree climate-warming is likely due to human activities
_____________ refers to the structure of speech sounds
Phonology
"Why Isn't the Sky Blue": According to the studies of Lazarus Geiger, what color term (after black and white) appears first and most often in ancient literature?
Red
This assumes a close relationship between language and culture and claims that language defines people's experiences
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
"Who Needs Love": The article gives three reasons why Japanese marriages are so strong and durable. Which one of the following IS NOT a reason listed in the article?
Strong religious beliefs
Strong religious beliefs
Strong religious beliefs
The ____________________ suggests that societies throughout the world need environments and technology that provide sustenance for not only present but future generations.
Sustainability Model
The RACE project/exhibit was developed and presented by
The American Anthropological Association
In "Radio Lab: Why Isn't the Sky Blue", how did Guy Deutsher's daughter Alma initially describe the sky?
White
"Who Needs Love": According to the article, all these sanction(s) keep Japanese couples from divorcing EXCEPT what?
Women fear that they will not be able to remarry as no man will want to marry a woman who is not a virgin
Concordant traits are:
a set of traits that always occur together
according to the lecture, animism, on the most basic level is the belief in
a soul
"Berdache Tradition": Among the Lakota Sioux, what vision might indicate that an individual will become a berdache?
a white buffalo calf
One of the plausible reasons for the lack of surpluses in hunter-gatherer groups is that surpluses could deplete local resources. This argument is called
an optimal foraging strategy
When you are consuming an object, the process of taking possession of it is called
appropriation
Human skin color is distributed:
as a cline (it's a clinical trait)
One of the ways that archeologists can evaluate the extent of damage done by epidemic diseases in ancient human settlements is through
careful evaluation of skeletons found in burial sites
Which of the following is a contributing factor to the development of creoles, pidgins, and other hybrid forms of language?
colonialsim, globilization, commerce, migration
The point of Mary Douglas' comparison of the proper sequence of an English meal (with dessert at the end), to the structure of a sentence, was to
demonstrate how food was a form of symbolic communication
Negative or unfair treatment because of his or her group membership or identity is
discrimination
Which of the following is a payment made from the groom's family to the bride's family upon their marriage?
dowry
A social movement that addresses the linkages between racial discrimination and injustice, social equity, and environmental quality is
environmental justice
Which system of kinship terminology is typical of most industrialized cultures, including our own?
eskimo
Forensic scientists can identify the race of an individual's skull with 100% accuracy.
false
Total collapse of city-states is a commonplace event.
false
When people around the world have disputes, they are most concerned with winning and losing.
false
nearly all of the ancient societies in the middle east and the mediterranean were monotheistic
false
In "Baseball Magic", what aspect of baseball involves the least amount of chance
fielding
The subsistence pattern utilized by humans for most of our history has been:
foraging
Which mode of subsistence includes the search for wild, edible things?
foraging
For most hunter-gatherer societies, most of the diet comes from:
gathered plants
What do anthropologists call the structural process of forgetting whole groups of relatives?
genealogical amnesia
The EARLIEST domesticates include
grasses and dogs
Which English philosophers were concerned with the problem of disorder and argued that chaos is avoidable by creating strong government?
hobbes and locke
The decision to marry, and whom we choose to marry, in the United States is drawn strongly from the ideology of
individualism
Which of the following is a feature of language?it is used to communicate
it is symbolic it consists of sounds organized into words according to some sort of grammar
The use of mock Spanish reinforces a common impression that Hispanic people are socially inferior. This is an example of the power of which of the following?
language ideology
If you studied speech patterns such as those analyzed in Robin Lakoff's study of gendered speech, you might find that "talking like a lady"
marginalizes women's voices in work contexts
"Berdache Tradition": What is the major role of a berdache in many Native American societies?
mediator
Marriage takes different forms in different places. All the terms listed below are forms of marriage except
polyamory
The practice of a man having more than one spouse is called:
polygyny
Which of the following is NOT a type of reciprocity distinguished by Marshall Sahlins?
positive
What is the relationship between power and authority?
power can exist without authority
Intensification, a process that increases yields, can include
prepping soil plant modification large labor force
Economies in which people seek high social rank, prestige, and power instead of money and material wealth are known as
prestige economies
Which of the following is not an example of the ways humans vary biologically?
race
What is a life cycle ritual that marks a person's or group of people transition from one social state to another?
rite of passage
Archaeologists today generally agree that most social systems
routinely collapse with no vestiges retained for future civilization
Which of the following developed groups for categorizing humans into distinct races?
scientists
In "Secrets of Haiti's Living Dead", Wade Davis found that zombification in Haiti was used as a sanction to maintain order. Who, does the article say, are the most likely victims of zombification?
social pariahs (outcasts)
Magical techniques may involve
spells. the manipulation of special objects. incantations. (all of the above)
Easter eggs at Easter and Christmas trees at Christmas are items used in the celebration of Christian holidays. As they were borrowed from other religious practices and added to the religion over time, they are examples of _______________.
syncretism
According to the lecture, the Neolithic began with
the domestication of plants and animals
One of the reasons that the understanding of many early city-states is challenging is due to
the lack of written records
In "Baseball Magic", the most common way baseball players attempt to reduce chance and feelings of uncertainty is:
to develop a daily routine
Prayer, eating, sacrifice, music, and transcendent states all have what function in the context of religion?
to help get in touch with the supernatural
In "Too Many Bananas", the author believed tobacco functioned like money.
true
In a caste system, social stratification is based on ascribed status.
true
One surprising discovery about hunter-gatherer lives was that they worked only a few hours a week.
true
Patterns of social inequality and racial discrimination have important biological consequences for certain groups, such as African Americans.
true
Women provide most of the diet in foraging societies.
true
In evolutionary terms humans are distinct from other primates with respect to their ability to use language because
we can speak using a larynx
Does race have biological consequences?
yes, because of racism
