Anthropology Test Questions Chapter 1
the people with whom they work
The primary ethical responsibility of anthropologists is to (who):
linguistic anthropology
2. The subfield of anthropology that studies language use is called
archeology
3. The subfield of anthropology that studies the material remains of past cultures, often focusing on the rise of cities, is called
true
A key concern in the 1850s that shaped the discipline of anthropology was the emergence of a new scientific theory called "evolution."
true
Anthropologists have always approached a problem by specializing in one of the four subfields.
ethnocentrism
Assuming your culture's way of doing things is the best is called
false
Contemporary cultural anthropologists often rank societies along an evolutionary scale from "primitive" to "advanced.
true
Diversity, defined anthropologically, refers to both multiplicity and variety, which is not the same thing as "difference
true
Historical archaeologists excavate sites where written historical documentation exists that provide an accurate description of the way the people actually lived
colonialism
The historical practice of more powerful countries claiming possession of less powerful ones is called _____________________ and was a driving force in anthropology
ethnographic method
The method of data collection that involves prolonged and intensive observation of everyday life and is a hallmark of cultural anthropology is ________
cultural relativism
The moral and intellectual principle that one should withhold judgment about seemingly strange or exotic beliefs and pract ices is known as
EB Tylor
The nineteenth -century British anthropologist credited with the development of the concept of culture through an evolutionary perspective was
applied anthropology
The practical use of anthropologic al knowledge to address real-world problems, sometimes called anthropology's "fifth field," is ____________
informed consent
The practice of anthropologists explaining their research to participants and being clear about the risks involved is called ________
cultural anthropology
The subfield of anthropology that studies human diversity, beliefs, and practice is calle
biological anthropology
The subfield of anthropology that studies human evolution, including human genetics and human nutrition, is called
focuses on multiplicity and variety
The term diversity, when defined anthropologically, means?
Charles Darwin
The thinker who developed evolutionary theory in the nineteenth century was
fieldwork
When cultural anthropologists live in societies for one or more years observing social life, they are doing________
1800s
When did anthropology e merge as an academic discipline
evolution
_________ refers to the adaptive changes that organisms make across generations