Anthropology Test Questions Chapter 1

the people with whom they work

The primary ethical responsibility of anthropologists is to (who):

linguistic anthropology

2. The subfield of anthropology that studies language use is called

archeology

3. The subfield of anthropology that studies the material remains of past cultures, often focusing on the rise of cities, is called

true

A key concern in the 1850s that shaped the discipline of anthropology was the emergence of a new scientific theory called "evolution."

true

Anthropologists have always approached a problem by specializing in one of the four subfields.

ethnocentrism

Assuming your culture's way of doing things is the best is called

false

Contemporary cultural anthropologists often rank societies along an evolutionary scale from "primitive" to "advanced.

true

Diversity, defined anthropologically, refers to both multiplicity and variety, which is not the same thing as "difference

true

Historical archaeologists excavate sites where written historical documentation exists that provide an accurate description of the way the people actually lived

colonialism

The historical practice of more powerful countries claiming possession of less powerful ones is called _____________________ and was a driving force in anthropology

ethnographic method

The method of data collection that involves prolonged and intensive observation of everyday life and is a hallmark of cultural anthropology is ________

cultural relativism

The moral and intellectual principle that one should withhold judgment about seemingly strange or exotic beliefs and pract ices is known as

EB Tylor

The nineteenth -century British anthropologist credited with the development of the concept of culture through an evolutionary perspective was

applied anthropology

The practical use of anthropologic al knowledge to address real-world problems, sometimes called anthropology's "fifth field," is ____________

informed consent

The practice of anthropologists explaining their research to participants and being clear about the risks involved is called ________

cultural anthropology

The subfield of anthropology that studies human diversity, beliefs, and practice is calle

biological anthropology

The subfield of anthropology that studies human evolution, including human genetics and human nutrition, is called

focuses on multiplicity and variety

The term diversity, when defined anthropologically, means?

Charles Darwin

The thinker who developed evolutionary theory in the nineteenth century was

fieldwork

When cultural anthropologists live in societies for one or more years observing social life, they are doing________

1800s

When did anthropology e merge as an academic discipline

evolution

_________ refers to the adaptive changes that organisms make across generations