AP EURO Chapter 16 Part 2 Quiz Answers
Who was the author of On Crimes and Punishments, a passionate plea for the reform of the penal system?
Cesare Beccaria
How did the idea of "race" transform Europeans' idea of their superiority over other peoples?
European superiority was increasingly defined as biologically superior as well as culturally superior
Which book by the baron de Montesquieu is considered the first major work in the French Enlightenment?
The Persian Letter
What helped to justify the growth of slavery in the eighteenth century?
The emergence of scientific racism
Voltaire was a deist who viewed God as akin to a
clockmaker who set the universe in motion and then ceased to intervene in human affairs.
A striking feature of the salons was that
philosophes, nobles, and members of the upper middle class intermingled.
Soft pastels, ornate interiors, and sentimental portraits are all characteristics of the style known as
rococo
The concept of the reading revolution refers to the
shift from reading religious texts aloud as a family to reading diverse texts individually.
Although perhaps best known as the longtime companion of Voltaire, Gabriel-Emilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil, marquise du Châtelet, published
the first translation of Newton's Principia into French.
"Weep, wretched natives of Tahiti, weep. But let it be for the coming and not the leaving of these ambitious, wicked men. One day you will know them better. One day they will come back, bearing in one hand the piece of wood you see in that man's belt, and, in the other, the sword hanging by the side of that one, to enslave you, slaughter you, or make you captive to their follies and vices. One day you will be subject to them, as corrupt, vile and miserable as they are." This selection from Denis Diderot's "Supplement to Bougainville's Voyage" (Primary Source 16.5) reflects his concern that
the people encountered by European explorers should recognize that Europeans had nothing to offer them.
