Ap Psych chapter 14 Review Examples only

Example of mirror image perceptions

"Them" = Bad/evil "Us" = peaceful/good

Example of Cognitive Dissonance

- A person knows that soda is bad for her, so she makes up a reason to justify buying it. - People experience cognitive dissonance when they smoke even though they know that smoking might kill them

Example of stereotype

- Asians are good at math - All blondes are dumb

example of prejudice

- Dislike of telemarketers - Jen doesn't like Gary because he is a Catholic.

Example of Conformity

- Going along with your friends to do something illegal, even though you know it is wrong. - When Sally sees all her friends dressed in jeans for the school dance, she goes home and changes into her jeans. - Line Study = people said the wrong answer because others said the wrong answer

Example of role playing

- Stanford prison experiment - A fake prison was set up with guards and prisoners who got so into their roles that it left the people with emotional/mental problems - The experiment was unethical and unmoral = shut down after 6 days instead of the planned 2 weeks - Guards hurt and intimidated the prisoners and striped them of their identities

example of groupthink

- The president and his advisors decided to launch an invasion of Cuba at the Bay of Pigs - Challenger exploding

example of informational social influence

- What to do in emergency situation - adopting someones opinion to gain approval

Example of Obedience

- When the policeman tells the high school students to get out of the bathroom, they immediately leave. - People obeyed the order to shock a person for getting a word wrong and ended up shocking them to death

Example of Fundamental Attribution Error

- When we see someone trip on the sidewalk, we often think, "How awkward," or wonder if the person has been drinking; we seldome look to see if the sidewalk is flawed - A person may be shy in class but a star on stage

Example of normative social influence

- peer pressure - answering wrong so that you don't stand out

example of group polarization

- the internet allows you to find any group thinkable examples include: church, suicide bomber -After a discussion about racism, members of the group who are racist will defend their attitudes far more strongly than they would have beforehand.

example of social facilitation

- when performance is enhanced in the presence of others - Shooting more baskets in front of others - Running faster when you are running against someone

examples of norms

-"proper behaviors" -Shaking hands -Kissing cheeks as a greeting

example of scapegoat theory

-Blaming Arabs for 9/11 - this country is horrible now because of imigrants

example of just world phenomenon

-Karma -a kid finds money on the ground, he suddenly cooler than the other kids -rape victim gets sympathy at first, then people say that she was asking for it. People don't want to believe she was innocent because then it could just as easily happen to them.

example of bystander effect

-Kitty Genovese -not calling 911 because they think someone else already did

Example of Peripheral Route Persuasion

-Perfume ads -Old spice -Images of beauty -Ads appealing to the eyes -emotional

example of deindividuation

-Stanford Prison Study -Fans throwing garbage at the field when their team losses because they are in a group and can hid -KKK

example of social loafing

-christopher, who barely works on his group science project because he knows someone else will do the work. -Group projects -Tug of war

example of culture

-set ways that people act -Shaking hands -Not using straws

example of foot-in-the-door phenomenon

A doors salesman asks you to buy a small product and then comes back a week later asking for you to buy a whole set of products

Example of GRIT

After performing poorly on the last 3 test, Samantha took on the challenge to outperform herself on the next test. She studied for several hours, asked questions during class, and took on the difficult task of sharing her work even though she thought it might be wrong.

example of other race effect

All Chinese people look the same to Americans

*Conditions that Strengthen Conformity* ones ________ strongly encourages respect for _________

Culture, Social standards

example of outgroup

Different from us

example of equity

Doing the dishes for the other person, helping clean the house

Example of social exchange theory

Donating blood to help save lives at the cost of discomfort

Example of Central Route Persuasion

Facts about apple computers (Statistics)

Example of ingroup bias

Girls think girls are better they think this because they are girls

example of discriminate

Higher prices because someone is hispanic

example of reciprocity norm

Homeless man returns a bag he found to the college student and in return gets job offers and money to help him

example of companionate love

Marriage (in it for the long run, family)

Example of passionate love

Months (Dating), honeymoon phase

*Conditions that Strengthen Conformity* Others in the group _________ one's behavior

Observe

*Conditions that Strengthen Conformity* one has made no

Prior commitments

Example of social-responsibility norm

Responding without thinking to save someone -pushing someone out of the way to save them from a bus that will hit them

example of mere exposure effect

Sitting next to someone every day and then becoming a relationship

example of proximity

Sitting next to someone every day and then becoming a relationship

*Conditions that Strengthen Conformity* one admires the groups ________ and _______

Status, Attractiveness

*Conditions that Strengthen Conformity* The group has at least ___ people

Three (3)

*Conditions that Strengthen Conformity* The group is ___________

Unanimous

example of altruism

a nurse who lost a family member in a fire is a volunteer firefighter

example of cognitive dissonance (experiment)

a task is boring but when the subject is paid $1 it is hard for them to change their attitude and dissonance occurs but if the person was paid $20 there is no dissonance because the person was paid for the task and will say that they enjoyed it

Example of superordinate goals

all need to work together to complete someone or all will fail

Example of social trap

doing what is best for you and not for the group

*Conditions that Strengthen Conformity* One is made to feel ____________

incompetent or insecure

example of ingroup

people just like us

Example of similarity

salespeople are sometimes taught to "mimic and mirror": If the customer's arms or legs are crossed, cross yours; if she smiles, smile back

Example of Frustration-Aggression Theory

someone always getting in your way while trying to accomplish a goal

example of self-fulfilling prophecy

you expected to be nervous in a job interview, because of this your anxiety caused you to answer questions poorly