AP psych unit intelligence Testing Unit

A standardized test must have all of the following EXCEPT (A) criteria for scoring (B) norms (C) uniform instructions (D) reliability (E) multiple choice questions

(E) multiple choice questions

Initially, intelligence quotients were calculated on the basis of a person's mental and chronological ages. Using that approach, a person with a mental age of 12 and an intelligence score of 120 would have a chronological age of (A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 14 (D) 16 (E) 18

(A) 10

According to the Stanford-Binet formula for an intelligence quotient (IQ), the IQ of a ten-year-old child with a mental age of eight and a half years is (A) 85 (B) 95 (C) 100 (D) 105 (E) 115

(A) 85

Which of the following types of test is designed to measure an individual's knowledge of a subject? (A) achievement (B) attitude (C) aptitude (D) projective (E) interest inventory

(A) achievement

A disadvantage of using Alfred Binet's concept of mental age in assessing intelligence is that (A) it is inappropriate for adults (B) it is based on a negatively skewed distribution (C) its norms are no longer appropriate (D) it has a gender bias (E) it produces unreliable test results among rural children

(A) it is inappropriate for adults

Henry took an intelligence test and scored lower than he thought he should. He kept retaking the test, but he kept getting about the same score each time. This series of events indicates that the test was (A) reliable (B) valid (C) standardized (D) normed (E) predictive

(A) reliable

Which of the following statements is most consistent with Benjamin Whorf's concept of linguistic determinism? (A) The languages of nearly all cultures contain the same basic sounds and root meanings. (B) Language shapes the way an individual thinks and interprets experiences. (C) The human nervous system is predisposed to the acquisition and use of language. (D) If an individual is not exposed to language during a critical period, language acquisition will be impaired. (E) The development of cognitive schemas precedes language development.

(B) Language shapes the way an individual thinks and interprets experiences.

Ms. Reagan, who is a teacher, agrees more with Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence than Charles Spearman's theory of intelligence. Which of the following scenarios would she most agree with? (A) Ms. Reagan's student Shuri is excellent at math, so she concludes that Shuri must also have high verbal ability. (B) Ms. Reagan thinks that her students exhibit more than one type of intelligence. For example, she notices her student Noel plays well with others as well as alone. (C) Ms. Reagan thinks that her students exhibit three specific types of intelligence. (D) Ms. Reagan observes that her student Lenny is practical, creative, and analytical, so she concludes that Lenny must be the most intelligent person in her class. (E) Because Jenny can memorize every book she reads, Ms. Reagan concludes that she must have a high IQ.

(B) Ms. Reagan thinks that her students exhibit more than one type of intelligence. For example, she notices her student Noel plays well with others as well as alone.

Maria is a thirteen-year-old congenitally deaf child who was born to hearing parents living in a remote, rural area. Since birth her parents have provided love, nourishment, educationally enriching toys, and developed their own hand signals to communicate with her about basic necessities. However, Maria did not begin to learn sign language until she was twelve and the family moved to a city and encountered members of a deaf community. Maria has found it very difficult to learn sign language, no matter what her instructors try. Which of the follow concepts best explains Maria's difficulty learning sign language? (A) latent learning (B) a sensitive period (C) cognitive science (D) maslow's hierarchy of needs (E) egocentrism

(B) a sensitive period

A test that is labeled an achievement test is most likely to be given to (A) predict an individual's ability to succeed in a particular job (B) allow a student to be exempted from a college course (C) assess the mental age of a gifted eight-year-old (D) determine whether a person is an extrovert or an introvert (E) investigate an individual's cognitive style

(B) allow a student to be exempted from a college course

A test that measures a student's potential ability is (A) an achievement test (B) an aptitude test (C) an intelligence test (D) a personality inventory (E) an interest inventory

(B) an aptitude test

A female student was rejected by a college because her score on a test used by the college to predict performance there was below the college's cutoff score. An influential alumnus of the college intervened on the student's behalf and the student was admitted. Four years later the student graduated with honors. The most likely explanation of this outcome is that the test (A) contained some degree of bias against women (B) had less than perfect validity (C) was a partly an achievement test (D) was not standardized (E) had less than perfect reliability

(B) had less than perfect validity

Which of the following types of validity is established by demonstrating that there is a correlation between scores on a test and later academic performance? (A) content (B) predictive (C) face (D) concurrent (E) test retest

(B) predictive

A test is administered to 1,000 fourth graders across the country, and then it is readministered to the same children 90 days later. The test-retest results will yield an evaluation of the test's (A) validity (B) reliability (C) cross cultural fairness (D) factor analysis (E) goodness of fit

(B) reliability

A student's test score of 86 is at the 42nd percentile. This means that this student has (A) received the 42nd highest score (B) answered 86 percent of the test items correctly (C) scored the same as 42 of her fellow students (D) scored the same as or higher than 42 percent of her fellow students (E) scored the same as or higher than 58 percent of her fellow students

(D) scored the same as or higher than 42 percent of her fellow students

A psychologist has just developed a new test that he hopes will be a good measure of intelligence. At the surface level, the questions appear to be the types of puzzles and problems that would provide an intellectual challenge and give insight into someone's intellectual abilities. Unfortunately, when he distributes the test to a classroom of college students, it does not appear to perform similarly to existing measures of intelligence. The test does not predict student GPAs and in fact is better at predicting performance on a measure of anxiety than intelligence. Which of the following characteristics does the new intelligence test possess? (A) Construct validity, because the psychologist has demonstrated that the test measures what it is intended to measure. (B) Discriminant validity, because the psychologist has demonstrated that the test is related to a test that measures anxiety. (C) Face validity, because the test looks like it should measure intelligence. (D) Convergent validity, because the test predicts performance on other tests. (E) Predictive validity, because the test predicts future academic performance.

(C) Face validity, because the test looks like it should measure intelligence.

Martin has been heavily influenced by the work of Lewis Terman. Which of the following perspectives on intelligence would Martin most likely have? (A) Intelligence is not fixed but rather is a dynamic and changing capacity. (B) Intelligence is not fixed and can be cultivated through education. (C) Intelligence is primarily a biologically based capacity. (D) Creativity is the most predictive sign of intelligence. (E) Memory is the most predictive sign of intelligence.

(C) Intelligence is primarily a biologically based capacity.

Which of the following is the best example of fluid intelligence? (A) Reciting the names of all the continents in the world without looking at a map (B) Identifying the author of a very famous novel (C) Using cubes to figure out the solution to a previously unseen puzzle (D) Giving an adequate definition of a difficult word (E) Recognizing a piece of classical music

(C) Using cubes to figure out the solution to a previously unseen puzzle

Charles Spearman's concept of g is most accurately defined as (A) a specific type of performance that is affected by intelligence (B) one of seven fundamental abilities that determine behavior (C) a single, underlying intellectual capacity measured by intelligence tests (D) the ability to create novel solutions to complex situations (E) the storehouse of knowledge and facts that we accumulate during our adult years

(C) a single, underlying intellectual capacity measured by intelligence tests

The component of intelligence described by Raymond Cattell as involving the ability to understand logical relationships, reason abstractly, and learn quickly is related to which of the following? (A) mental age (B) intelligence quotient (C) fluid intelligence (D) emotional intelligence (E) crystalized intelligence

(C) fluid intelligence

Alfred Binet's efforts to measure intelligence were directed at (A) testing the worth of various theoretical definitions (B) operationally defining one theory of intelligence (C) predicting children's success in school (D) selecting workers for successful job performance (E) establishing the learning potential of French military recruits

(C) predicting children's success in school

Colleen likes to have others do things for her and is quick to criticize other people for being dependent and lazy. This demonstrates which defense mechanism? (A) displacement (B) regression (C) projection (D) rationalization (E) sublimation

(C) projection

Michael, who has an IQ of 60, is able to do complex calculations in his head, regardless of the size of the numbers. When he is with his family and friends, he does not engage socially; he focuses on his numerical calculations. Which of the following best describes these characteristics? (A) phenylketonuria (PKU) (B) giftedness (C) savant syndrome (D) antisocial personality disorder (E) down syndrome

(C) savant syndrome

On individual intelligence tests such as the Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales, an IQ of 100 indicates that the test taker (A) correctly answered all of the items on the test (B) obtained the highest scores in the standardization sample (C) scored at the average level for test takers of the same (D) scored above the level of the average American adult (E) took as long as the average test taker to answer the test items

(C) scored at the average level for test takers of the same

According to Benjamin Whorf's linguistic relativity hypothesis, which of the following is true? (A) Individuals have a natural predisposition to learn language. (B) Individuals learn positive instances of concepts faster than they learn negative instances. (C) Children learn their first language from their relatives and their peer group. (D) Different languages predispose those individuals who speak them to think about the world in different ways. (E) Children learn quantifying words such as "more" and "further" sooner than they do absolutes such as "every" and "all."

(D) Different languages predispose those individuals who speak them to think about the world in different ways.

General intelligence test scores obtained during adolescence best predict which of the following? (A) The probability that a qualified jobholder will perform that job satisfactorily (B) The efficiency of interpersonal skills (C) Quality of personal adjustment (D) Grades in school (E) The job or profession at which a person would be happy

(D) Grades in school

The intelligence quotient (IQ) has traditionally been based on the relationship between an individual's mental age and his or her (A) stage of cognitive development (B) level of psychological development (C) reading ability (D) chronological age (E) quantitative aptitude

(D) chronological age

All of the following are reasons for requiring clearly specified procedures for the administration and scoring of assessment measures, such as standardized tests, EXCEPT to (A) allow comparisons among scores of various test takers (B) reduce the possible effects of extraneous variables on scores (C) increase the reliability and validity of the test scores (D) decrease the amount of time needed to administer the test (E) increase the objectivity of the scoring procedures used

(D) decrease the amount of time needed to administer the test

Two-year-old Jia tells her grandmother that she "sweeped" the floor yesterday. The scenario illustrates that children (A) cannot learn grammatical rules during the first two years of life (B) learn language primarily through operant conditioning (C) will model only words used by adults in their environment (D) overgeneralize the use of grammatical rules (E) are not born with an innate language acquisition device

(D) overgeneralize the use of grammatical rules

The performance of the group on which an IQ test is standardized sets the (A) method of administration most suitable for the test (B) extent to which IQ is determined by environment (C) criteria for the diagnostic significance of intelligence (D) degree of validity of the IQ test (E) norms against which the performance of later test takers can be evaluated

(E) norms against which the performance of later test takers can be evaluated