ap world history chapter 23 key terms

women's rights convention

An 1848 gathering of women angered by their exculsion from an international antislaery meeting. they met at Seneca Falls, New York to discuss women's rights.

Abolitionists

Men and women who agitated for a complete end to slavery. Abolitionist pressure ended the British transanatlantic slave trade in 1808 and slavery in British colonies in 1834. In the United States the activities of abolitionists were on factor leading to the Civil War (1861-1865). Women in abolitionists movements used the experience to work for women's rights.

Jose Maria Morelos

Mexican priest and former student of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, he led the forces fighting for Mexican independence until he was captured and executed in 1815. (See also Hidalgo y Costilla, Miguel.) (p. 626)

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

Mexican priest who led the first stage of the Mexican independence war in 1810. He was captured and executed in 1811. (p. 625)

personalist leaders

Poliical leaders who rely on charisma and their ability to mobilize and direct the masses of citizens outside the authority of constitutions and laws. Nineteenth century examples include Jose Antonio Paez of Venezuela and Andrew Jackson of the United States. Twentieth century exanples include Getulio Vargas of Brazil and Juan Peron of Argentina.

Benito Juarez

President of Mexico (1858-1872). Born in poverty in Mexico, he was educated as a lawyer and rose to become chief justice of the Mexican supreme court and then president. He led Mexico's resistance to a French invasion in 1863 and the installation of Maximilian as emperor.

Acculturation

The adoption of the language, customs, values, and behaviors of host nations by immigrants

underdevelopment

The condition experienced by economies that depend on colonial forms of production such as the export of raw materials and plantation crops with low wages and low investment in education.

Simon Bolivar

The most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America. Born in Venezuela, he led military forces there and in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.

Andrew Jackson

1st president to be born in humble circumstances. he was popular among frontier residents, urban workers, and small farmers. he had a successful political career as a judge, general, congressman, senator, and president. After being denied the presidency in 1824 in a controversial election

Caste war

A rebellion of the Maya people against the government of Mexico in 1847. It nearly returned the Yucatan to Maya rule. Some Maya rebels retreated to unoccupied territories where they held out until 1901.

development

In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the economic process that led to industrialization, urbanization, the rise of a large and prosperous middle class, and heavy investment in education.

Confederation of 1867

Negotiated union of the formerly separate colonial governments of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. This new Dominion of Canada with a central government in Ottawa is seen as the beginning of the Canadian nation.

Tecumseh

Shawnee leader who attempted in organize an Amerindian confederacy to prevent the loss of additional territory to American settlers. He became an ally of the British in War of 1812 and died in battle.

Jose Antonio Paez

Venezuelan soldier who led Simon Bolivar's cavalry force. He became a successful general in the war and built a powerful political base. He was unwilling to accept the constitutional authority of Bolivar's government in distant Bogotá and declared Venezuela's independence from Gran Colombia in 1829.