APES Midterm Review

Soil sample permeability:

10% clay, 10% silt, 80% sand

A population has a growth rate of 2%, how many years will it take to double?

35 yrs

A PH of 4, is how many times as great as a pH value of 7?

7-4=3 1,000 times greater

Annual growth rate 2%, population doubling:

70/2=35 years

If an area was originally forested and then went through development which shows the most effects on the water cycle?

A.) evaporation-> down runoff-> up and groundwater recharge-> down

Which of the following represents a positive feedback loop in the Arctic that is associated with anthropogenic climate change?

Arctic Ocean Ice melts>Ocean Surface water temps increase> More ice melts

Area where new crust is being created at a divergent plate boundary:

B.) Mid Atlantic Ocean Ridge

Distance downstream:

C smallest/lowest amount of fish present

Storm water runoff from a new construction site leads to:

Destruction of fish habitats from increased turbidity

Population growing exponentially

Does not experience limiting factors

Which letter represents an area with Island Arcs?

E.) Philipines

High sea surface temps are due to:

El Nino

Total fertility of a society:

Fertility decreases as a society progresses through the demographic transition

The presence of high levels of fecal coliform bacteria indicate that the water:

Has been contaminated by animal waste.

Which of the following indicates that a body of water is contaminated by human waste water?

High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, high BOD (biological oxygen demand)

Stats that indicate high quality of life:

High life expectancy and low infant mortality

What is true about stratosphere?

Highest concentration of naturally occurring ozone

Nitrogen based fertilizers in the midwest contribute to:

Hypoxia in the gulf of mexico

What reduces exposure of farm workers and residents to toxic pesticides?

IPM= integrated pest management

Most of earth's freshwater is in:

Ice caps and glaciers

Releasing sewage/ organic waste into a river causes:

Increase in biological oxygen demand

Pesticide treadmill:

Increased use of pesticides to eradicate genetically resistant pests

Which of the following is true of thee Ogallala Aquifer?

It underlies the high plains (midwest) in the United States

Graph demonstrating a populations biotic potential:

J curve

Which of the following is 'fixed' from the atmosphere by bacteria?

Nitrogen

Subduction zones tend to produce deep undersea trenches due to:

One tectonic plate forced to bend under another

Increased skin cancer in Australia is caused by:

Ozone depletion in stratosphere

What influences the flow of water through soil?

Permeability

Which of the following is the most likely cause of recent algae blooms in lake Erie?

Phosphorus contained in agricultural run off

The sun's radiation provides energy for all of the following except:

Plate Tectonics

What are government policies or practices that are used to promote fertility?

Public housing priorities for families w/ more than 2 children

Low anchovy catch in 1998 was a result of:

Reduction in ocean upwelling along the coast (Peru, sea surface temperature)

Which process converts saltwater to freshwater?

Reverse Osmosis

Graph demonstrating a populations carrying capacity:

S curve

Overuse of groundwater in a coastal region leads to:

Saltwater Intrusion

Based on the data table above which site most likely has a construction site immediately upstream from it?

Site C (highest water temp and highest turbidity)

Which of the following surfaces has the highest albedo?

Snow

Farmer observes higher concentration of a pesticide is needed to combat a particular pest:

Some individual insects are more likely than others to survive and reproduce due to their inherited traits

Region where the protective ozone layer is located:

Stratosphere

Crude growth rate is:

Subtracting CDR from CBR

Phytoplankton are most abundant in the upper few hundred feet of most bodies of water because:

Sun light does not reach greater depths of water.

Layers of earth's atmosphere are indicated by:

Temperature

The best example of the tragedy of commons is:

The over-harvesting of fish from publicly owned lakes.

What stage do Population growth rates peak?

Transitional stage (birth rates are high death rates drop)

The region where climate change occurs:

Troposphere

What best describes the process of leaching?

Water percolation through the soil, dissolving some of its material

An effective, short-term remediation strategy to fix an acidic pond is:

add calcium carbonate to water

Pourous water saturated levels of sand, gravel, and bedrock that groundwater flows through in known as:

an Aquifer

What compound does not deplete stratospheric ozone?

carbon dioxide

Rule of 70 (doubling time)

divide 70 by percent growth rate to approximate doubling time on years

Birth rate drops and death rate drops:

industrial stage

Primary Producer

main function of photosynthesis is to make glucose (ATP) for energy

R-selected species:

reach sexual maturity quickly

Waste from which of the following is an example of nonpoint source pollution:

runoff from an agricultural field

Most grain in the United States is used:

to feed livestock