APES Unit 8 Quizziz

an experiment was carried out to determine the lethal dose of ammonium sulfate on mung bean germination. True statements about the experimental design include which of the following?

- the independent variable is the concentration of ammonium sulfate - the dependent variable is the number of seeds failed to germinate

if a country has a crude birth rate of 24 per 1000 and a crude death of 8 per 1000 the natural annual percent increases of its population is

1.6%

In a given ecosystem, producers convert solar energy into 15,000kcal of chemical energy stored in organic compounds. Which of the following is the most likely amount of energy available to secondary consumers?

1500

the graph shows how BOD and DO concentration change over the length of a stream. At which of the following locations in the stream was there most likely a discharge of excess organic matter into the water

B

the diagram illustrates a sewage treatment plan. the different processes at the plant are labeled A to D. This process results in the biological breakdown, of most of the organic matter in the sewage

C

the graph above shows the effect of sewage on BOD and DO in a flowing stream. the smallest fish population will most probably be found at point

C

The united states environmental protection agency has determinates that all four pesticides could have negative health consequences to humans if applied at high consequences to humans if applied at high concentration of 500 g/cm. Based on the data in the graph, which pesticide would be the most effective at that concentration

D

A point source discharges organic waste into a stream. Which of the following graphs best depicts the expected pattern for dissolved oxygen (DO) in this stream as a function of distance from the discharge point?

E

endocrine disruptors directly affect which of the following in an organism?

Hormones

which of the following best explains why top predators can have up to 60 times as much POP as their prey did up to 600 times as much of the pollutants are producers

POPS accumulate in the body, fat of living organisms. POPS increase in concentration as the move up the food chain

Smoke from forest fires is most likely to affect air quality over larger areas for many days when

a persistent atmospheric inversion exists in the region

All of the following are commonly used to deal with the side effects of eutrophication in lakes except

adding nitrates

the table below shows the oral LD50 values for various household substances. based on the ld50 values, which of the following best describes the toxicity level of the household substances shown in the table?

antifreeze is more toxic than aspirin

Based upon the data, what is the best description of this relationship?

as the concentration of an astrolabe increases the percent induction of breast cancer decreases

eutrophication results in the death of trout and other fish as a result of

asphyxiations from lack of oxygen

west nile virus was identified in the western hemisphere during the summer of 1999 and was associated with human, equine, and avian deaths. this virus was acquired by

being bitten by an infected mosquito

some toxic compounds are ingested and retained in the tissues. these pollutants pose special risks to humans and other organisms high on the food chain because of what process?

biomagnification

which of the following best describes the action of an endocrine disrupter?

blocks the receptor protein binding site of a hormone so that the cell cannot receive a signal

this pathogen infects the intestine and is spread through contaminated food or water

cholera

which of the following is the most likely route for mercury to enter the food web?

coal-burning emissions, deposition, ocean, plankton, fish

which of the following components, which are not shown on the diagram, are part of the tertiary treatment of wastewater?

disinfectants

Alligators in a Florida lake polluted by high levels of dioxins (chlorinated hydrocarbons) had low testosterone levels and failed to reproduce. Scientists came to the conclusion that the dioxins were acting as which of the following?

endocrine disrupters

An ecologist examining several different ponds discovers that in one pond all the frogs are female. Which of the following most likely led to the all-female population of frogs?

endocrine disruptors

if wastewater treatment plant effluent that contains nitrates and phosphates is allowed to flow into a body of water, which of the following may result?

eutrophication

of the following which is the best example of a point source of water pollution?

factory effluent

For a certain insecticide, the LD-50 dosage level for rats is determined to be 250 milligrams per kilogram of body mass. ON the basis of this information, which of the following is the best prediction regarding the consequences of receiving this dosage of the insecticide?

five hundred out of every one thousand rat's would die

Based on the diagram, which of the following is associated with the primary treatment of sewage

grit chamber

Critics of incineration of msw suggest that it may not be best solution for the future for which of the following reasons

incinerations contributes to air pollution

The release of a large amount of sewage and other organic wastes into a river would likely result in a sharp

increase the biological oxygen demand

which of the following is a common characteristic of lakes undergoing cultural eutrophication?

increased levels of plant nutrients

of the following, which is the primary method of waste disposal in the united states?

landfilling

the pathogen is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes and is found most often in sub saharan aftica

malaria

Poses a health risk to humans who eat large quantities of marine fish such as swordfish and tuna.

mercury

is a flammable gas produced by landfills

methane

chemical compound the can cause algal blooms and cultural eutrophication

nitrates

Although nuclear energy is considered a cleaner energy source than fossil fuels, some scientists argue this does not support the claim that nuclear energy is renewable. Which of the following claims best supports the argument that nuclear energy is a nonrenewable energy source?

nuclear energy is not renewable

which of the following is the best example of a point source pollution?

oil tanker spill

lakes that are characterized by high water clarity and low concentrations of dissolved nutrients are classified as

oligotrophic

in the US the largest single component of MSW is

paper

which of the following best describes a way that POP cause harm to the environment

persistent organic pollutants are soluble in fat

which of the following best describes a supporting ecological service provided by wetlands

provide a habitat for a variety of organisms

which of the following correctly orders the methods of solid waste management in terms of energy required

reduce reuse recycle

which of the following would best improve the validity of experiment?

repeating the experiment several times and comparing the results

waste from which of the following is an example of nonpoint source pollution

runoff from agricultural fields

Many synthetic chemicals, such as PCBs, act as estrogen mimics. In an ecosystem, these persistent chemicals would have the greatest effect on which of the following?

secondary consumers

information gathered by a scientist about the toxicity of chemical X and chemical y showed they had individual safe limits for fish at particular concentrations. but when they were used together at the safe concentrations, there were extensive fish kills. this is an example of

synergism

which of the following is the best description of bioaccumlation

the absorption of a substance by an organism at a rate greater than the rate of elimination

Why did the DO after one week decrease as the amount of waste increased?

the algae multiplied and then died and decomposed

the diagram shows a power plant designed to generate electricity for a nearby city. the water used in this type of power plant is often released back into a reservoir. which of the following effects could this release water have on the reservoir

the temperature of the dissolved water causes a decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen of the reservoir

the pathogen infects the respiratory system typically the lungs, and can spread through the air when a. person coughs sneezes or talks

tuberculosis