APUSH Progressive Unit-People
Joseph Pulitzer
(New York World) mastered sensational reporting, called yellow journalism after his comic "The Yellow Kid."
William Randolph Hearst
(San Francisco Examiner) was also a yellow journalism editor and put together a newspaper empire made of a chain of newspapers.
PT Barnum
(who quipped, "There's a sucker born every minute," and "the public likes to be humbugged.") and James A. Bailey started the circus and adopted the slogan, "The Greatest Show on Earth".
James A. Bailey
(who quipped, "There's a sucker born every minute," and "the public likes to be humbugged.") and PT Barnum started the circus and adopted the slogan, "The Greatest Show on Earth".
Joseph Lister
Antiseptics; work helped move medicine from superstition to science. People now understood germs and life expectancy rose.
Mark Twain
Born Samuel Langhorne Clemens, He co-wrote with Charles Dudley Warner The Gilded Age (1873) that laid bare the questionable politics and business of the day.
Edwin L. Godkin
Editor of liberal magazine called Nation. It was read by intellectuals and thinker-types and was reform minded. It pushed for civil service reform (government jobs based on talent, not connections), honest government, and a mild tariff.
Horatio Alger
He wrote rags-to-riches stories, usually about a good boy that made good. They all championed the virtues of honesty and hard work that lead to prosperity and honor. His best known book was titled Ragged Dick.
Louis Pasteur
Pasteurization; work helped move medicine from superstition to science. People now understood germs and life expectancy rose.
Emily Dickinson
became famous as a poet after she died and her writings were found and published.
Ida Wells
black, led a nationwide push against lynching and helped start the National Association of Colored Women (1896).
Charles W. Chesnutt
black, wrote fiction, notably The Conjure Women (1899).
Paul Dunbar
black, wrote poetry, notably with "Lyrics of Lowly Life" (1896).
Henry James
brother of philosopher William James, usually wrote about innocent Americans, normally women, thrown amid Europeans. His best works were Daisy Miller (1879), The Portrait of a Lady (1881), and The Bostonians (1886).
Henry H. Richardson
designed buildings with his trademark high-vaulted arches in his "Richardsonian" style. His style was very ornate and reminiscent of Gothic cathedrals. The Marshall Fields building in Chicago was his masterpiece.
Booker T. Washington
developed a plan for bettering the lots of blacks. He developed the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. It was a normal school for black teachers and taught hands-on industrial trades.
William Dean Howells
editor of Atlantic Monthly, wrote about common people and controversial social topics.
Jane Addams
founded Hull House in Chicago (1889). It was a "settlement house"—immigrants came there for counseling, literacy training, child care, cultural activities, and the like.
Henry Adams
grandson of John Adams, wrote a history of the early U.S. and The Education of Henry Adams, his best known.
WEB Dubois
helped start the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) and called for the "talented tenth" of the black community to be given full access and equality.
James Naismith
invented basketball
Carrie Chapman Pratt
leader of National American Suffrage Association. She changed the argument from "women deserve to right to vote since they're equal" to "women deserve the right to vote in order to carry out their traditional roles and homemakers and mothers."
Clara Barton
led American Red Cross, also a famous Civil War nurse
Francis E. Willard
led Woman's Christian Temperance Union alongside Carrie A. Nation
Carrie A. Nation
led Woman's Christian Temperance Union alongside Francis E. Willard
James Whistler
lived an eccentric life. His best-known painting was of his mother.
Anthony Comstock
made it his mission to stop all moral threat. Armed with the "Comstock Law," he collected dirty pictures and pills/powders he said abortionists used.
Frank Norris
novels criticized corrupt business. The Octopus (1901) was about railroad and political corruption and The Pit was about speculators trading in wheat.
Boss Tweed
of the Tammany Hall district in New York City, pretty much ran the immigrants' lives.
George Inness
painted landscapes
John Singer Sargent
painted portraits of European nobility.
Thomas Eakins
painted realistically, as seen in his graphic surgical painting "The Gross Clinic."
Mary Cassat
painted women and children, as with her "The Bath" showing a mother bathing a small girl.
Emma Lazarus
poet whose words were inscribed on the bottom of the Statue of Liberty: "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to be free,..."
Charles Darwin
published On the Origin of Species in 1959. His theory of evolution argued that higher forms of life had evolved from lower forms of life via random mutation and survival-of-the-fittest.
Charlotte Perkins Gilman
published Women and Economics, a classic of feminism. She (1) shunned traditional femininity, (2) said there were no real differences between men and women, and (3) called for group nurseries and kitchens to free up women.
Tennessee Claflin
published a periodical that shocked proper, Elizabethan society. Woodhull announced her belief in free love, they both pushed for women's propaganda, and charged that respectable Henry Ward Beecher had been having a long affair. (TC)
Victoria Woodhull
published a periodical that shocked proper, Elizabethan society. Woodhull announced her belief in free love, they both pushed for women's propaganda, and charged that respectable Henry Ward Beecher had been having a long affair. (VW)
Edward Bellamy
published the novel Looking Backward. It's character fell asleep and awoke in the year 2000 to an ideal society. His solution was that the government had taken over all business, communist/socialist-style, and everything was rosy.
Walt Whitman
revised his classic "Leaves of Grass." He also wrote "O Captain! My Captain!", inspired by Lincoln's assassination.
Augustus Saint-Gaudens
sculptor, made the Robert Gould Shaw (leader of 54th black regiment in the Civil War) memorial in Boston Common. Music made steps with symphonies in Boston and Chicago and New York's Metropolitan Opera House.
Mary Baker Eddy
started the Church of Christ, Scientist (AKA "Christian Science"). The main belief of Christian Science was healing through prayer, not through medical treatment.
Dwight Lyman Moody
started the Moody Bible Institute and pushed for Christian charity and kindness. His goal and achievement was connect biblical teachings and Christianity to modern city life.
George Washington Carver
studied the peanut, sweet potato, and soybean there and came up with many uses for them: shampoo, axle grease, vinegar, and paint.
Charles W. Eliot
was named president of Harvard. Symbolically, he changed Harvard's motto from Christo et Ecclesiae (for Christ and Church) to Veritas (Truth).
Winslow Homer
was perhaps the most "American" painter. He typically painted scenes of daily New England life and the sea. Homer's topics included schoolhouses, farmers, young women, sailors, and coastlines.
Theodore Dreiser
was the champion of realism with his novel Sister Carrie (1900). Carrie moved in with one man then eloped with another (who was already married), then left them both for a career on stage. It morality of the novel was shocking to proper society.
Buffalo Bill Cody
wild west show, best known for Annie Oakley, who shot holes through tossed silver dollars.
Robert LaFollette
wisconsin governor, implement direct primary election, progressive taxation and rail regulation, help led the way for progressive states
Gen. Lewis Wallace
wrote Ben Hur: A Tale of the Christ. It countered Darwinsm with faith in Christ and sold 2 million copies.
Upton Sinclair
wrote Jungle about the horrors of meatpacking industry
Henry George
wrote Progress and Poverty which examined the relationship between those two concepts. His theory was that "progress" pushed land values up and thus increased poverty amongst many.
Harlan F. Halsey
wrote about 650 dime novels and became rich.
Jack London
wrote about the wilderness in The Call of the Wild (1903), White Fang, and The Iron Heel.
Stephen Crane
wrote brilliantly and realistically about industrial, urban America in Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (1893). It told of a girl-turned-prostitute and then suicide.
Henry James
wrote influentially on psychology with books like Principles of Psychology and Pragmatism (saying America's contribution to any idea was its usefulness, or not).
Bret Harte
wrote of the West in his gold rush stories, especially "The Luck of Roaring Camp" and "The Outcasts of Poker Flat."
Kate Chopin
wrote openly about adultery, suicide, and the ambitions of women in The Awakening (1889).