Art 109 midterm

Honoré Daumier, Nadar Raising Photography to the Height of Art, 1862 Lithograph, 10 3/4" x 8 3/4" Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

Huge proponent of photography Nadar is, so Daumier is making fun of his love for photography, (political cartoon of the era), idea that he has to be as high as art is, hat coming off head makes him look silly

Claude Monet, Les déchargeurs du charbon (The Colliers), c 1875

Depicts unglamorous part of this glamorous idea of railroad travel. Landscape and topography done with extreme care, layer colors so that when the light hits a certain way it looks sparkly. Same size, same shape of the figures, robotic works, no faces, all black, comment on the underside of what goes on in railroad travel.

Gustave Caillebotte, Paris: A Rainy Day, 1877 Oil on canvas, 6' 9" x 9' 9" The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago

Dual point perspective or two point perspective to give a sense of the building going into horizon -One of the impressionists who uses outlines with black that sets him apart -elegant dressed figures, but all dressed mostly the same with same umbrella -How people interact and don't is a effect of modernization -Depicts image with beautiful new city, etc. with all people to gather and talk, but people still remain isolated and do not

Joseph Mallord William Turner, The Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On), 1840 Oil on canvas, 2' 11 11/16" x 4' 5/16" Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

English painte, huge influence for the French painters, his use of light and atmosphere of conditions are a big part of the impressionist project He is an abolitionist Landscape and colors are taken a big tool Choppy water coming through Color bomb During the slave trade, insurance would not pay for people who came in sick, but it would claim them in they were lost at sea, so they would throw the sick and dying out of the ship to claim them as lost at sea Bringing light to a very dark issue

Edmonia Lewis, Forever Free, 1867 , 3' 5 1/4" high James A. Porter Gallery of Afro-American Art, Howard University, Washington, D.C.

Half African American and half Chipowa women, she went to college and was accused of murder and killing people, forever free was about the emancipation proclamation: emancipation of African American slaves during civil war, showing women fully clothed to show chain around waists of man and women, and chain broken, message to white audience, show that they have broken the chains and they aren't completely held back, show they have a lot of growing to do, technically free but continuously restrained

Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893 Tempura and pastels on cardboard, 2' 11 3/4" x 2' 5" National Gallery, Oslo

-Avant grade, line and shape distorted, reds and oranges alternating, sharp line in lower left corner cuts off bridge -agony and anxiety the shows him as a person -approaching figure (perspective) -why is he screaming? Ripples of screaming to ripples of the sky

Auguste Rodin, Burghers of Calais, 1884-1889 Bronze, 6' 10 1⁄2" high, 7' 11" long, 6' 6" deep Musee Rodin, Paris

-From 100 years war, the wealthier burghers volunteer saying "take us" and we will spare the rest of the town -one thing he did that was very unique, he intentionally brought figures down so that they were eye level so that we as viewers would have to confront the sacrifice that these people made

Paul Cézanne, Basket of Apples, ca. 1895 Oil on canvas, 2' 3/8" x 2' 7" The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago

-Modern painter -well known for apples that he paints -hated working with women -not much symmetry in image -has square brush stroke -mismatch of shape and color

Berthe Morisot, Villa at the Seaside, 1874 Oil on canvas, 1' 7 3/4" x 2' 1/8" Norton Simon Art Foundation, Los Angeles

-One of two impressionist (French) Morisot -at first glance image looks nice, and she is outside in huge dress, super hot, super uncomfortable, looks of plastic bag over face, porch looks super closed in compared to beach, obvious use of color and technique in dress to make it look heavy -Morisot critiques woman of this era, stuck in the interior space, the home life, child living

Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette, 1876 Oil on canvas, 4' 3" x 5' 8" Musée d'Orsay, Paris

-Renoir see's spaces as a way for people to gather, dance, drinks, and be merry -different hats to show all classes are allowed into these parties -very idealized and cheesy -mild contact and subject matter -very fascinated with light which is filtered through trees, patches of light throughout image to very much depict the effects of light and shadow as this image is shown outside -rosy cheeks, happy people always having a good time

Mary Cassatt, The Bath, ca. 1892 Oil on canvas, 3' 3" x 2' 2" The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago

-Shows a tenderness of motherhood, where the mother is depicted very fulfilled and tenderness of woman -warm colors

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, Point de vue du Gras, c. 1826 print from original heliograph

1820 and 30's photography began to come together William Henry Fox Taboot, 2 French men work independently and together to create image Settled in Puter or cover with chemical inside obscura and you get some sort of image, artists are experimenting with different types of chemicals, trying to work out what works Call this a heliograph, draw by light without using his hands draftsmanship

Camera Lucida

19th century, light room, but no room or chamber involved, small portable instrument made of glass, wrenched to the table and resembles large magnifying glass, the prism creates a large image of what you are trying to draw, it is a drawing aid, but you do need some sort of skill to make it look real

2. Jacques-Louis David, The Death of Marat, 1793 Oil on canvas,. 5' 5" x 4' 2 1/2" Musées Royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, Brussels (neoclassism)

Anarchy period between French Revolution is about 17 years Charlotte's name written on paper he's holding Marat soaks in a bath and writes because he is known to have some sort of skin condition Stabbed while in the bath tub David dhows him very neoclassic and died down

Jean-François Millet, The Gleaners, 1857 Oil on canvas, 2' 9" x 3' 8" Musée d'Orsay, Paris

Colors are more saturated Jean paints how in his eyes are realistically seen Local Color- a natural color of a thing in ordinary daylight Optical Color- mixing is created through our perception of color. When one looks at two small amounts of different colors laid down side by side the two appear to create a different color. This color is usually something similar to the result when the two are mixed in pigment. Gleaning-Wages were so low people these people pick up left over blades of wheat to make bread for their families Draws attention to figures without diminishing them

Germain Boffrand, Salon de la Princesse, painting by Charles-Joseph Natoire, sculpture by J. B. Lemoine Hôtel de Soubise, Paris, France, 1737-1740

In a garden, but not in a garden. Using of chandeliers for an illusion of being outdoors Silly, nothing serious, playful, labels (showing off) conspicuous conception (Rococoo)

Jacques-Louis David, Coronation of Napoleon, 1805-1808 Oil on canvas, 20' 4 1/2" x 32' 1 3/4" Louvre, Paris (neoclassism)

Napoleon visits David in prison and basically gives him a ultimatum either he can rot in prison or paint for Napoleon Napoleon moves back into the Louvre David works on this painting for three years, Napoleon is already crowned but the crown of his wife Josephine is being put on Elaborate affair

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Grande Odalisque, 1814 Oil on canvas, approx. 2' 11 7/8" x 5' 4", Louvre, Paris (neoclassicism)

Neoclassical Treatment of a Romantic subject. Romanticism in Britain -comes from east -concubine in here of a sultan -neoclassical treatment of a romantic subject -a parisian woman in the role that she would never had been in yet in the eastern setting

William Hackwood for Josiah Wedgwood, "Am I Not a Man and a Brother?", 1787 Black and white jasperware, 1 3/8 " 1 3/8"

Sent to members of the abolitionist movement -Connected England and the americas with growing movement Georgian Silver, 1767- 1802

Camera Obscura

Small portable camera obscura created 1788 , trace these things to make things look really detailed

Jacques-Louis David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784 Oil on canvas, approx. 10' 10" x 13' 11" Louvre, Paris (neoclassism)

Won the Priv de Rome (fellowship) where he gets to study in Rome of the antique and architecture Super-well known painting Why he is depicting this? He is disgusted with the Rococo, he is part of the republicans, the absence of the nobility and leadership when the economy is crashing, etc. This sparks the revolutionary fire, where he wants to paint something that means something What he does? He depicts scenes of roman antiquity( eras of greece/rome), that have an allegorical connection between what is actually happening in France The three men are swearing an oath to their father (liberty, freedom, and holiness) that over their individual interest they will fight for the good of the state The women and sisters are mourning as the Horatti are going out to war he color palette is a strong palette blues, reds, and yellows Loyalty and commitment to the cause David separates the men and women almost always The importance of who is going to do what in the revolutionary effort. ( the soldiers need to go fight the war and the women need to stay to raise the children to be good French)

Eugène Delacroix, Death of Sardanapalus, 1827 Oil on canvas, 12' 1 1/2" x 16' 2 7/8" Louvre, Paris (neoclassicism)

•Delacroix's works were products of his view that the artist's powers of imagination would in turn capture and inflame viewers' imagination. •Literature of imaginative power served Delacroix as a useful source of subject matter. •The Death of Sardanapalus, inspired by Lord Byron's 1821 narrative poem "Sardanapalus," is an erotic and exotic orgy of death and destruction conceived as grand drama.