ART 111 Week 6

gestalt unity

A German word for "form or shape" refers to something in which the whole seems greater than the sum of its parts

using variety to unify

Even while using a variety of different shapes, colors, values, or other elements, an artist can create visual harmony

form

an object that can be defined in three dimensions (height, width, depth)

Disney's Finding Nemo is an example of a series of computer-generated images played in rapid succession. This medium is called ________.

animation

abstract

art imagery that departs from recognizable images from the natural world

bioart

art that is created with living, changing organisms

kinetic art

art that moves (different text definition)

If an artist painted a street scene with one large building on the left-hand side, and two smaller buildings on the right-hand side, this would be an example of ________ balance.

asymmetrical

________ balance is achieved when two halves of a composition are not mirror images of each other.

asymmetrical

Creating visual weight and counterweight is part of an artist's use of the element of ________ in creating a work of art.

balance

conceptual art

cohesive expression of ideas within a work of art. ideas can come to us in haphazard and unpredictable ways. sometimes the expression of these ideas may not look organized, but an artist can still communicate them effectively by selecting images that conjure up a single notion.

gestalt

complete order and indivisible unity of all aspects of an artwork's design

The three kinds of unity are:

compositional, conceptual, gestalt

Disparate visual elements can be linked together with a common idea. This is ________ unity.

conceptual

compositional unity

created when an artist organizes all visual aspects of a work

time-based arts, such as film, embody six basic attributes or time which are

duration tempo intensity scope setting chronology

variety to unify

even while using a variety of shapes, colors, values, or other elements, an artist can create visual harmony.

If Alexander Calder's Untitled mobile was powered by a small motor, rather than air currents, it would not be an example of actual motion.

false

The elements of time and motion are not applicable to the art of photography.

false

stroboscopic motion

When we see two or more repeated images in quick succession, they tend visually to fuse together

cubism

a 20th century art movement that favored a new perspective emphasizing geometric forms

style

a characteristic way in which an artist or group of artists uses visual language to give a work an identifiable form of visual expression

3-D modeling

a computer-generated illusion that emulates an object in three-dimensions; it can be modified to show visual movement.

motif

a design or color repeated as a unit in a pattern

implied line

a line not actually drawn but suggested by the positions of elements in the work, for example, an aligned series of dots.

the passage of time

a linear method used by artists, comic-book writers, and designers as a story-telling device and a way of expressing the passage of time

grid

a network of horizontal and vertical lines; in an artwork's composition, the lines are implied

mandala

a sacred diagram of the universe, often involving a square and a circle

still life

a scene of inanimate objects, such as fruits, flowers, or dead animals

Op art

a style of art that exploits the physiology of seeing in order to create illusory optical effects

Op art

a style of art that exploits the psychology of seeing in order to create illusion optical effects

zoetrope

a technology in which a serious of drawings are placed in a slotted cylinder. When spun, a moving a repeating image is revealed through a slot on the cylinder.

performance art

a work involving the human body, usually including the artist, in front of an audience

preformance art

a work involving the human body, usually including the artist, in front of an audience

collage

a work of art assembled by gluing materials, often paper, onto a surface. From the French coller, to glue

surrealist

an artist belonging the the movement in the 1920's and later, whose art was inspired by dreams and the subconscious.

temporal art

an artist's image or action that is transitory, existing in a passage of time

Futurism/futurist

an artistic and social movement, originating in Italy in 1909, that violently rejected traditional forms in favor of celebrating and incorporating into art the energy and dynamism of modern technology; futurists were artist working in this style.

surrealism, surrealist

an artistic movement in the 1920s and later; its works were inspired by dreams and the subconscious

futurist/futurism

an artistic social movement, originating in Italy in 1909, passionately in favor of everything modern.

found image or object

an image or object found by an artist and presented, with little or no alteration, as part of a work or as a finished work of art in itself

axis

an imaginary line showing the center of a shape, volume, or composition

Tibetan Buddhist monks create colored sand images with a radial design. This representation of the universe is called a ________.

mandala

Compositional Unity

organizing all the visual aspects of a work appears harmonious without being boring

installation

originally referring to the hanging of pictures and arrangement of objects in an exhibition, installation may also refer to an intentional environment created as a completed artwork

________ balance is achieved when all elements in a work of art are equidistant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way from side to side and top to bottom.

radial

gestalt unity

refers to something in which the whole seems greater than the sum of its parts

Joseph Cornell created boxes that contain compositions of ________ objects.

found

The German word that refers to something in which the whole seems greater than the sum of its parts is ________.

gestalt

Romare Bearden's work The Dove uses an underlying ________ reflecting the city streets to create a sense of order.

grid

Variety can ________ a design.

invigorate

variety

is a collection of ideas, elements, or materials that are fused together into one design. It strives to bring in uniqueness and diversity.

radial balance

is achieved when all elements in a work are equidistant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way from side to side and top to bottom. sometimes used in religious symbols and architecture where repetition plays an important role in the design. a Mandala is an example of a radial balanced religious/sacred artwork.

The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla illustrated the rapid movement of a dog running on a leash by painting a series of ________ in order to give the impression that we are seeing motion as it happens.

repeating marks

If a figure in an artwork has drapery billowing out behind it, and appears to have multiple feet in different positions, the viewer might assume that this figure is ________.

running forwards

The kind of motion that is created by showing a series of static images in quick succession is called ________.

stroboscopic motion

mobile

suspended moving sculptures, usually impelled by natural air currents

________ balance is achieved when both sides of a composition look exactly the same.

symmetrical

Kinetic art/sculpture

three-dimensional art that moves, impelled by air currents, motors, or people

Traditional visual arts, such as painting, are inherently static, but artists have always found inventive ways of conveying the elements of ________ and ________.

time . . . motion

the attributes of time

time-based arts, such as film, embody six basic attributes of time: duration, tempo, intensity, scope, setting, and chronology.

the illusion of motion

Artists create an illusion of motion through visual tricks Our eyes are deceived into believing there is motion as time passes, even though no actual motion occurs

illusion of motion

Artists create this illusion through visual tricks that deceive our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes, even though no actual motion occurs

symmetrical balance

If a work can be cut in half and each side looks exactly (or nearly exactly) the same can seem very natural and we can make natural connections to it commonly used in religious art around the world symmetry can also communicate order which is relevant to certain art forms or context in which art is used.

value

The lightness or darkness of a plane or area

This inventor co-created the film Fred Ott's Sneeze, which was one of the first American movies.

Thomas Edison

actual motion

We perceive actual motion when something really changes over time seen in performances and in kinetic art

unity

the appearance of oneness or harmony in a work of art: all of the elements appearing to be part of a cohesive whole

elements of art

the basic vocabulary of art - line, shape, form, volume, mass, texture, value (lightness/darkness), space, color, and motion and time

conceptual unity

the cohesive expression of ideas in an artwork

space

the distance between identifiable points or planes

variety

the diversity of different ideas, media, and elements in a work

motion

the effect of changing placement in time

When an artist creates a work that deceives our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes, this is called ________.

the illusion of motion

unity

the imposition of order and harmony on a design

Medium (plural media)

the material on or from which an artist chooses to make a work of art, for example canvas and oil paint, marble, engraving, video, or architecture

medium (plural media)

the material on or from which an artist chooses to make a work of art, for example canvas and oil paint, marble, engraving, video, or architecture

composition

the overall design or organization of a work

principles

the principles, or "grammar" of art - contrast, unity, variety, balance, scale, proportion, focal point, emphasis, pattern, and rhythm - describe the ways the elements of art are arranged in an artwork.

positive-negative

the relationship between contrasting opposites

Asymmetrical Balance

this applies when the elements on the left and right sides are not the same, but the combination of elements counters each other.

cubism, cubist

twentieth-century movement and style in art, especially painting, in which perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned and use was made of simple geometric shapes, interlocking planes, and, later, collage; the cubists were artists who formed part of the movement. "cubist" is also used to describe their style of painting.

What element describes the imposition of order and harmony on a design?

unity

Compositional unity strikes an interesting balance between the monotony of too much similarity, and the chaos of too much ________ in a work of art.

variety

with an illusion... when it is implied...

we are FOOLED we can TELL its not really moving, while taking in the suggestion.

actual motion

we perceive actual motion when something really changes over time.

radial balance

when all elements in a work are equidistant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way from side to side and top to bottom

symmetrical balance

when an artwork may be cut in half and each side looks exactly/nearly the same.

asymetrical balance

when artists organize a composition they often use different visual "weights" on each side of the composition also called dynamic balance applies when the elements on the left and right sides are not the same, but the combination of elements counter one another. can still be balanced

implied motion

when we do not actually see the motion happening, but visual clues tell us that it is a key aspect of the work.

narrated time

work we experience in a linear way, processing a clear beginning,middle, and end.

spatial media

work we get to experience all at once

the Taj Mahal

•Commissioned by a grieving Shah Jahan as a memorial to his wife •The pure visual symmetry unites all the elements, just as the couple felt united in their love for each other •Opposite sides mirror each other, creating perfect balance

Balance in the Taj Mahal

•Radial balance exists in both the main building and the adjacent charbagh (Mughal garden) •Each design element is repeated equidistant to a central point •The multiple repetition of balance in the design is an affirmation of the depth of Shah Jahan's love

Artwork: Phenakistoscope

•This device, meaning "spindle viewer" was invented in 1832 •Features a series of drawings placed on one side of a disc •Viewer looks through a slotted disc while the illustrated disc is spinning to see images appear to move and repeat

symmetry in the Taj Mahal

•Uses bilateral and radial symmetry •All areas of the complex, including the central tomb building, can be bisected to reveal identical components on the opposite side