Art Appreciation-Living With Art (Chapter 13), Living with Art Chapter 13, ART 110 - Ch 13
The keystone _________ of a rounded arch
supports the downward and outward thrust
Cement Gravel Water
Concrete is composed of
A ____________ results when barrel vaults are connected at right angles.
Groin vault
Where did the style of column in this image originate?
Japan
What is the primary drawback of post-and-lintel architecture?
Limitation to span relatively large open spaces
embellishes modern construction with classical decorative details is considered to be the advent of modern skyscraper construction
Louis Sullivan's Wainwright Building ________
Which type of construction is shown?
Round arch
Which is NOT a basic architectural structural system?
Stacking
bridges
Suspension techniques are most closely associated with the construction of ______
is a quintessential example of skeleton architecture
The construction of the Eiffel Tower ________________
coffering
The decorative ornament on the ceiling of a dome, which also serves to lessen the weight, is known as __________
create a healthier and less wasteful human habitat
The purpose of green architecture is to _____________
Ionic
This image of a classical Greek capital demonstrates the characteristics of the ___________ architectural order
barrel vault
This image represents a ____________ or an arch extended in depth
steel-frame
Used in building skyscrapers, ___________ construction uses a metal cage to support a decorative exterior of another material such as glass, masonry, or stone
Stone Wood
What are the two most common materials use in post-and-lintel constriction?
Indian
What culture is most closely associated with the use of corbelled architectural elements?
Groin vaults Barrel vaults
What elements are associated with Romanesque style?
Buttresses
What structural feature reinforces and supports the outward thrusts of arches from the outside?
weight; tensile strength
When deciding on the structural system for a building, ____ and _____ are the first considerations
Flying buttresses Rose windows Pointed arches
Which of the following architectural elements are characteristic of Gothic style?
Pointed arches
_______________ allow the height of a vault to be increased dramatically without necessitating a wider base
____ allow a height of a vault to be increased dramatically without necessitating a wider base
pointed arches
Green architecture is largely a response to
the unsustainable cost of industrialization
What is the significance of the portico?
to trick visitors into thinking they were visiting a post and lintel temple
The ____ is the essential geometric form in the construction and support of a geodesic dome.
triangle
Stacking
Which of the following is not a basic architectural structural system?
Stone Brick Adobe Ice blocks
Which type of materials are suitable in the construction of load bearing architecture?
steel-frame
_________ construction was developed to allow for the fabrication of tall buildings not possible using balloon-frame techniques
Adobe
____________ is the name for sun dried brick used as an architectural building material
What are the trademark buildings of frank lloyd wright architectural oeuvre?
prairie houses
Reinforced concrete construction is most similar to the ____ structural system
shell
corbelled domes
As shown in this illustration, _______ rely on rows of stones that extend over each other until the opening is bridged
What do we know about the Pont du Gard at Nimes, France?
- It is made up of three tiers of arcades - It once functioned as an aqueduct - It is solid and heavy, yet its weight-bearing capabilities appear effortless
The Great Friday Mosque in Djenne, in Mali, is an impressive example of what type of construction?
- Stacking and piling - Load-bearing
In Greek temple design, what are three basic elements of an entablature?
-cornice -frieze -architrave
The iconic style of greek architecture is classified by
-voluted capitals -stepped column bases
contained in more fragile outer layers and is generally not visible
In a skeleton-and-skin system, the support structure of a building is ______________
The architectural element that gaps the transition from a square base to a domed roof is known as a _____________.
Pendentive
What are the two main components of CAD/CAM?
digital technology and computer-driven technology
What elements are associated with Romanesque style?
- Groin vaults - Barrel vaults
What are the two most common materials use in post-and-lintel constriction?
- stone - wood
In the 1960s the link between design and manufacturing using computer technology was pioneered by which industries?
-electronics -aeronautic -automotive
Which of the following innovations made balloon frame possible?
-improved methods for mining lumber -mass-produced nails
groin vault
A __________, such as shown in this illustration, results when barrel vaults are connected at right angles
a hypostyle hall
A vast roofed space of post-and-lintel construction is called _____
It represents a _________________ or an arch extended in depth.
Barrel vault
What structural feature reinforces and supports the outward thrusts of arches from the outside?
Buttresses
cast iron
During the mid 19th century the experimental use of ________ as a building material allowed for breakthroughs in the development of the skeleton-and-skin structural system
tensile structures
Fabric structures are also known as
Reims Cathedral is a characteristic example of what style of architecture?
Gothic
This architectural work represents the elements of _____________ architecture.
Gothic
flying
Gothic style architecture is well-known for the use of ____________ buttresses that support the outward thrusts of soaring arches
To which culture are these styles of columns attributed?
Greek
What is a vast roofed space of post-and-lintel construction called?
Hypostyle hall
architrave
In Greek temple design, the __________ is the band of lintels immediately over the columns, and directly beneath the frieze
The frieze
In Greek temple design, what area of the entablature is generally ornamented with sculptural relief?
Frieze Cornice Architrave
In a Greek temple, what are the three basic elements of an entablature?
bay
In a vaulted church, each rectangular division of space, consisting of one groin vault, is called a _______
pushed, pulled
In architecture an element in compression is being __________, and element in tension is being ____________
A is a post and B is a lintel
In this illustration, what are A and B?
What is a drawback of load-bearing construction?
Inability to insert large openings, such as windows, in the walls
_____________ allow the height of a vault to be increased dramatically without necessitating a wider base.
Pointed arches
geodesic dome
R. Buckminster Fuller developed the _________
shell
Reinforced-concrete construction is most similar to the _________ structural system
What does the keystone do?
Supports the downward and outward thrust of the rounded arch
What is the ability for a building material to withstand stretching known as?
Tensile Strength
Industrial
The ____________ age ushered in the harnessing of steam, leading to the creation of the steam engine, the internal combustion engine, and the turbine
an ability to be molded into nearly any shape or form
The advantages of reinforced-concrete construction include __________
supports the downward and outward thrust of
The keystone, as shown in this illustration, _________ a rounded arch
Eiffel Tower
The skeleton of the ______________ ________________ was the aesthetic focus because it had no decorative embellishments
How does the Great Friday Mosque in Djenne, Mali demonstrate the demands of load-bearing construction?
The walls gently taper as they rise
Its limitation to span relatively large open spaces
What is the primary drawback of post-and-lintel architecture?
Ancient Egypt
Which culture's hypostyle halls were relatively dark with only the very top of the load-bearing walls pierced with small windows?
Stark linear emphasis Simple geometric forms
Which elements characterize International skyscrapers?
Mass-produced nails Improved milling lumber techniques
Which of the following innovations made balloon-frame construction practical?
Geodesic Domes
______________ _____________ are relatively lightweight, amazingly strong, and built with prefabricated module, all of which allows for quick and inexpensive construction
A vast roofed space of post and lintel construction is called
a hypostyle hall
The weight of a suspension bridge is primarily supported by
a series of steel cables
___ is the name for sun dried brick used as an architectural building material
adobe
The construction of the eiffel tower
is a quintessential example of skeleton architecture
The key to fabric architecture is
tension
