Art Appreciation-Living With Art (Chapter 13), Living with Art Chapter 13, ART 110 - Ch 13

The keystone _________ of a rounded arch

supports the downward and outward thrust

Cement Gravel Water

Concrete is composed of

A ____________ results when barrel vaults are connected at right angles.

Groin vault

Where did the style of column in this image originate?

Japan

What is the primary drawback of post-and-lintel architecture?

Limitation to span relatively large open spaces

embellishes modern construction with classical decorative details is considered to be the advent of modern skyscraper construction

Louis Sullivan's Wainwright Building ________

Which type of construction is shown?

Round arch

Which is NOT a basic architectural structural system?

Stacking

bridges

Suspension techniques are most closely associated with the construction of ______

is a quintessential example of skeleton architecture

The construction of the Eiffel Tower ________________

coffering

The decorative ornament on the ceiling of a dome, which also serves to lessen the weight, is known as __________

create a healthier and less wasteful human habitat

The purpose of green architecture is to _____________

Ionic

This image of a classical Greek capital demonstrates the characteristics of the ___________ architectural order

barrel vault

This image represents a ____________ or an arch extended in depth

steel-frame

Used in building skyscrapers, ___________ construction uses a metal cage to support a decorative exterior of another material such as glass, masonry, or stone

Stone Wood

What are the two most common materials use in post-and-lintel constriction?

Indian

What culture is most closely associated with the use of corbelled architectural elements?

Groin vaults Barrel vaults

What elements are associated with Romanesque style?

Buttresses

What structural feature reinforces and supports the outward thrusts of arches from the outside?

weight; tensile strength

When deciding on the structural system for a building, ____ and _____ are the first considerations

Flying buttresses Rose windows Pointed arches

Which of the following architectural elements are characteristic of Gothic style?

Pointed arches

_______________ allow the height of a vault to be increased dramatically without necessitating a wider base

____ allow a height of a vault to be increased dramatically without necessitating a wider base

pointed arches

Green architecture is largely a response to

the unsustainable cost of industrialization

What is the significance of the portico?

to trick visitors into thinking they were visiting a post and lintel temple

The ____ is the essential geometric form in the construction and support of a geodesic dome.

triangle

Stacking

Which of the following is not a basic architectural structural system?

Stone Brick Adobe Ice blocks

Which type of materials are suitable in the construction of load bearing architecture?

steel-frame

_________ construction was developed to allow for the fabrication of tall buildings not possible using balloon-frame techniques

Adobe

____________ is the name for sun dried brick used as an architectural building material

What are the trademark buildings of frank lloyd wright architectural oeuvre?

prairie houses

Reinforced concrete construction is most similar to the ____ structural system

shell

corbelled domes

As shown in this illustration, _______ rely on rows of stones that extend over each other until the opening is bridged

What do we know about the Pont du Gard at Nimes, France?

- It is made up of three tiers of arcades - It once functioned as an aqueduct - It is solid and heavy, yet its weight-bearing capabilities appear effortless

The Great Friday Mosque in Djenne, in Mali, is an impressive example of what type of construction?

- Stacking and piling - Load-bearing

In Greek temple design, what are three basic elements of an entablature?

-cornice -frieze -architrave

The iconic style of greek architecture is classified by

-voluted capitals -stepped column bases

contained in more fragile outer layers and is generally not visible

In a skeleton-and-skin system, the support structure of a building is ______________

The architectural element that gaps the transition from a square base to a domed roof is known as a _____________.

Pendentive

What are the two main components of CAD/CAM?

digital technology and computer-driven technology

What elements are associated with Romanesque style?

- Groin vaults - Barrel vaults

What are the two most common materials use in post-and-lintel constriction?

- stone - wood

In the 1960s the link between design and manufacturing using computer technology was pioneered by which industries?

-electronics -aeronautic -automotive

Which of the following innovations made balloon frame possible?

-improved methods for mining lumber -mass-produced nails

groin vault

A __________, such as shown in this illustration, results when barrel vaults are connected at right angles

a hypostyle hall

A vast roofed space of post-and-lintel construction is called _____

It represents a _________________ or an arch extended in depth.

Barrel vault

What structural feature reinforces and supports the outward thrusts of arches from the outside?

Buttresses

cast iron

During the mid 19th century the experimental use of ________ as a building material allowed for breakthroughs in the development of the skeleton-and-skin structural system

tensile structures

Fabric structures are also known as

Reims Cathedral is a characteristic example of what style of architecture?

Gothic

This architectural work represents the elements of _____________ architecture.

Gothic

flying

Gothic style architecture is well-known for the use of ____________ buttresses that support the outward thrusts of soaring arches

To which culture are these styles of columns attributed?

Greek

What is a vast roofed space of post-and-lintel construction called?

Hypostyle hall

architrave

In Greek temple design, the __________ is the band of lintels immediately over the columns, and directly beneath the frieze

The frieze

In Greek temple design, what area of the entablature is generally ornamented with sculptural relief?

Frieze Cornice Architrave

In a Greek temple, what are the three basic elements of an entablature?

bay

In a vaulted church, each rectangular division of space, consisting of one groin vault, is called a _______

pushed, pulled

In architecture an element in compression is being __________, and element in tension is being ____________

A is a post and B is a lintel

In this illustration, what are A and B?

What is a drawback of load-bearing construction?

Inability to insert large openings, such as windows, in the walls

_____________ allow the height of a vault to be increased dramatically without necessitating a wider base.

Pointed arches

geodesic dome

R. Buckminster Fuller developed the _________

shell

Reinforced-concrete construction is most similar to the _________ structural system

What does the keystone do?

Supports the downward and outward thrust of the rounded arch

What is the ability for a building material to withstand stretching known as?

Tensile Strength

Industrial

The ____________ age ushered in the harnessing of steam, leading to the creation of the steam engine, the internal combustion engine, and the turbine

an ability to be molded into nearly any shape or form

The advantages of reinforced-concrete construction include __________

supports the downward and outward thrust of

The keystone, as shown in this illustration, _________ a rounded arch

Eiffel Tower

The skeleton of the ______________ ________________ was the aesthetic focus because it had no decorative embellishments

How does the Great Friday Mosque in Djenne, Mali demonstrate the demands of load-bearing construction?

The walls gently taper as they rise

Its limitation to span relatively large open spaces

What is the primary drawback of post-and-lintel architecture?

Ancient Egypt

Which culture's hypostyle halls were relatively dark with only the very top of the load-bearing walls pierced with small windows?

Stark linear emphasis Simple geometric forms

Which elements characterize International skyscrapers?

Mass-produced nails Improved milling lumber techniques

Which of the following innovations made balloon-frame construction practical?

Geodesic Domes

______________ _____________ are relatively lightweight, amazingly strong, and built with prefabricated module, all of which allows for quick and inexpensive construction

A vast roofed space of post and lintel construction is called

a hypostyle hall

The weight of a suspension bridge is primarily supported by

a series of steel cables

___ is the name for sun dried brick used as an architectural building material

adobe

The construction of the eiffel tower

is a quintessential example of skeleton architecture

The key to fabric architecture is

tension