Art

"The terms we choose to label things often tell us more about our own attitudes and stereotypes than about the object under consideration." a) TRUE or b) FALSE

A. true

Art works are created in historical and cultural contexts

Art traditions and institutions

America's Most Wanted is an example of acquired appreciation (as presented in class). a) TRUE or b) FALSE

B. False

The artist who created the tea bowl (0.0.10) lived and worked in a society that valued individual ingenuity over tradition. a) TRUE or b) FALSE

B. False

According to Denis Dutton, it is better to replace a single definition of art with: a) a better definition b) no explanation c) a constellation of universal traits (cluster criteria) d) the opinion of experts e) excuses

C. a constellation of universal traits

Whenever art occurs, a means to appreciate and judge the artwork is also present.

Criticism

Old Man's Cloth (0.0.6) references the slave trade by: a) using empty sugar sacks b) illustrating the narratives of ex-slaves c) using traditional Ghanaian design d) using liquor bottle caps e) incorporating passages from the Emancipation Proclamation

D. Using liquor bottle caps

For Frederic Edwin Church, Niagara (0.0.2) was a way to: a) document the deceased journey to the afterlife b) document an historic flood c) celebrate the significance of a civil war battlefield d) allow viewers to feel the peaceful sensations of a fall day by a river e) celebrate the expansion and development of America

E. Celebrate the expansion and development of America

According to lecture, art can be defined solely by: a) appearance b) constituent materials c) choices made by the artist d) purpose e) none of the above

E. None of the above

Frederic Church, Niagara (0.0.2)

Esteem

. True or false: if an artist wanted to work on a painting over a number of days, blending and making changes, acrylic paint would be a good medium to use.

False

32. African masks hold their original value for their makers whether isolated in a museum or kept in the community. a) TRUE or b) FALSE

False

44. Robert Solso contends "there are no universal principles of perception and cognition that apply to all of us as we view and appreciate art." a) TRUE or b) FALSE

False

According to Denis Dutton, a difference between art and craft is that the artist knows beforehand the end to be achieved or the effect to be produced upon his/her audience. a) TRUE or b) FALSE

False

According to lecture, applied art addresses the symbolic or expressive functions of the art object rather than emphasizing the literal and utilitarian functions. a) TRUE or b) FALSE

False

The communication in Graphic Design (opposed to other visual arts) is intended to invite the viewer to consider and contemplate the meaning rather than to be instantaneous, clear, and direct. a) TRUE or b) FALSE

False

True or False: Leonardo da Vinci's sketched studies of a fetus in the womb, c 1510-13, was commissioned by the Catholic Church.

False

True or false: in the drawing Mutter und Kind, the artist uses only contour lines because it is impossible to create areas of value using black Conte' crayon.

False

True or false: the Egyptians were the only ancient civilization to create load-bearing constructions.

False

. Seeing this image as a glossy, black cylindrical object is characteristic of which level of comprehension? a) Level 1 (first stage/nativistic perception) b) Level 2 (second stage/directed perception) c) Level 3 (third stage)

Level 1 (first stage/nativistic perception)

As presented by Robert Solso, during which stage of perception do we see a work of art "like no other person sees it?" a) Level 1 (the first stage) b) the stage involved with nativistic perception c) the stage involved with "bottom-up" processing d) Level 2 (the second stage) e) a and c

Level 2 (the second stage)

Faith Ringgold, Tar Beach (2.6.17)

Love/Belonging

In varying degrees of naturalism, art objects imitate real or imaginary experiences of the world

Representation

Botticelli, Birth of Venus (4.9.5)

Self-actualization

The Wheel Chair Ballet by Sue Austin

Self-actualization

Art objects and performances are typically separated/bracketed off from ordinary life.

Special focus

35. According to Ellen Dissanayake, the arts are usually concerned with biologically important subject matter. a) TRUE or b) FALSE

True

36. According to Dr. Semir Zeki, the visual system of our brain is older and more perfect (better) at communicating beauty than the linguistic (verbal) system. a) TRUE or b) FALSE

True

Watching movies with sad or tragic stories can make us feel happy. a) TRUE or b) FALSE

True

Gaman, a Japanese term meaning "enduring the seemingly unbearable with patience and dignity," was used in class to illustrate which of Maslow's needs? a) Esteem b) Self-Actualization c) Physiological d) Love and Belonging e) Safety

a) esteem

. This earthwork, constructed by the prehistoric inhabitants of North America, is located in Ohio. a. Great Serpent Mound b. Old Faithful c. Cahokia Mounds d. Pyramid of the Moon e. Pyramid of the Sun

a. Great Serpent Mound

Defining a work of art by how realistic it is, is an example of which of the following ways to define art? a) Honorific b) Classificatory c) Open

a. Honorific

This architect, who pioneered the use of steel in architecture, is sometimes called the "father of Modernism". a. Louis Sullivan d. Joseph Paxton b. Walter Gropius e. Frank Lloyd c. Gustave Eiffel Wright

a. Louis Sullivan

Taking four years to complete, the Sistine Chapel ceiling was painted by this artist in sections using the buon fresco method. a. Michelangelo d. Leonardo b. Raphael e. Bronzino c. Giotto

a. Michelangelo

The binding agent in the spotted-horse paintings at Pech Merle is ________ a. saliva d. linseed oil b. egg yolk e. gum arabic c. milk casein

a. Saliva

. When Raphael was preparing to paint his fresco, The School of Athens, he did a large drawing called _______________to help place the design on the wall. a. a cartoon d. an intonaco b. a layout e. an arrezzo c. a sketch

a. a cartoon

. In order to create an interior space, an architect must design a distance between two supports called a. a span d. an elevation b. a stretch e. a flat c. an overlay

a. a span

. This contemporary painting medium uses polymer resin as a binder. a. acrylic d. tempera b. oil e. ink c. encaustic

a. acrylic

Artists who model forms using soft, pliable materials, such as clay or wax, sometimes employ this kind of support when creating their work. a. an armature d. a patina b. a kiln e. a chisel c. calipers

a. an armature

What method of sculpture is the artist using when he or she gathers objects and fabricates them into an artwork? a. assemblage d. bending b. casting e. repousse' c. carving

a. assemblage

The sculptural process in which the artist carves only in shallow depth is called _________ a. bas-relief d. free-standing b. high relief e. pinch c. in the round

a. bas relief

. Japanese wooden architecture uses a series of cross-and counter-_____to support the elaborate curved roofs of early temples. a. beams d. posts b. lintels e. gabbards c. braces

a. beams

Which of these is not an additive process of sculpting? a. chiseling d. constructing b. casting e. earthworks c. modeling

a. chiseling

These windows are set high above the nave in order to allow light into large open areas, such as the interior of the Hagia Sophia. a. clerestory d. transom b. stained-glass e. jalousie c. casement

a. clerestory

. An artist who is using brush and ink will often control the value of ink by ______ a. diluting with water b. using different values of ink c. changing the drawing tool d. using different values of paper e. scratching the surface of the paper

a. diluting with water

36. Sculptures created using this method often require the movement of large amounts of soil from one location to another. a. earthworks d. chiseling b. casting e. readymades c. constructing

a. earthworks

The binding agent for tempera paint is __________ a. egg d. oil b. milk e. gum arabic c. beeswas

a. egg

When creating his silverpoint drawing, Heads of the Virgin and Child, Raphael employed ____________, a process in which the artist uses closely arranged parallel lines to create value. a. hatching d. scratching b. arriccio e. sgraffito c. intonaco

a. hatching

. Another name for a free standing sculpture is _________. a. in the round d. dynamic presence b. bas-relief e. modeling c. high relief

a. in the round

. A sculpture intended by the artist to move is called ________________ sculpture. a. kinetic d. a fluted b. an armature e. a motion-detector c. a swivel

a. kinetic

The name of this bronze-casting process relies on a modeled original form made from a pliable material. This method is know as _____________ a. lost-wax casting d.cotton stretching b. clay bonding e. gobbing c. gum molding

a. lost-wax casting

The Taj Mahal features four towers, each 162 ft. high, called _______, a characteristic feature of Islamic architecture. a. minarets b. qiblas c. minbars s. mihrabs e. sahms

a. minarets

. This is the large central space of a Romanesque or Gothic cathedral. a. nave d. crossing b. aisle e. ambulatory c. apse

a. nave

Paint in its most basic form is composed of __________and a liquid binder. a. pigment d. beeswas b. glaze e. tempera c. impasto

a. pigment

In free-standing sculpture, the artist entices the viewer to move around the work by creating a series of changing _____ a. planes d. ideas b. colors e. materials c. textures

a. planes

. The ancient Romans perfected this type of arch and often used it in their architecture. a. rounded d. segmental b. corbeled e. staggered c. pointed

a. rounded

In the gestural drawing Muscular Dynamism by Umberto Boccioni, the artist used chalk and charcoal to depict the undulating surface of ___________ a. the human body d. a landscape b. machinery e. a cityscape c. architecture

a. the human body

. All sculptures have this characteristic in common. a. they exist in three-dimensional space b. they are made of solid materials c. they are meant to last for many years d. they are created for beauty e. all of these answers

a. they exist in three-dimensional space

This is a ceiling based on the structural principles of the arch. a. vault d. peaked b. cove e. drop c. flat

a. vault

This painting medium is transparent, applied to a paper surface and has a gum arabic binder (the French version uses honey.) a. watercolor d. bister b. soot ink e. sepia c. gall ink

a. watercolor

What was the artist's intention in creating Portraits of Cigar Store Owners (2.10.11)? a) To reveal the aesthetic qualities of the sculpted forms. b) To reveal hidden or unconscious racial biases. c) To promote the tobacco companies who sponsored the exhibition. d) To celebrate Native American culture. e) To satisfy the need for Love and Belonging as identified by Abraham Maslow.

b) To reveal hidden or unconscious racial biases.

Each of us views art (and all of life's experiences) through a personal prism by which we mean a dominant personality trait that interprets experiences. This is called a/an: a) canonic representation b) personal schema c) aesthetic conflict d) directed perception e) mirror neuron

b) personal schema

According to this type of definition, we would be more likely to find works of art in an art museum rather than a hardware store. a) Honorific b) Classificatory c) Open

b. Classifictory

Samples of this drawing medium have been dated back to 30,000 BCE. a. silverpoint d. color pencil b. charcoal e. pastel c. pencil

b. charcoal

. In which country was paper invented by Cai Lun, who made it out of macerated plant fibers suspended in water? a. India d. Japan b. China e. Turkey c. Korea

b. china

Islamic and Renaissance artist often used tempera in conjunction with oil and this material, which adds a rich appearance to the work. a. wax d. marble dust b. gold leaf e. chalk c. polished stones

b. gold leaf

This is not a traditional paint binder. a. beeswax d. gum arabic b. lye e. walnut oil c. egg yolk

b. lye

The French Impressionist Edgar Degas used this dry drawing medium when he created The Tub, in 1886. a. Conte' crayon d. sanguine b. pastel e. silverpoint c. charcoal

b. pastel

According to Solso, which Level of Comprehension is characterized by the following statement: "It is 'as if' the painting understood you and was reading your mind. It is 'as if' the music was playing you, not you playing the music. In athletics, it is 'as if' the physical activity (such as a 'perfect' dive or dance step) was in control of your body, not you." a) Level 1 b) Level 2 c) Level 3

c) Level 3

A ____________________ is a "central" or archetypal view of a given concept or class of things based on memories that best represent that concept or class. a) nativistic perception b) personal schema c) canonic representation d) visual dissonance e) none of the other answers

c) canonic representation

Isabella d'Este influenced art production in Italy during the Renaissance by a) what she wrote as an art critic b) what she created as an artist c) funding artists d) making suggestions to her husband who was a prominent art dealer e) encouraging the looting of ancient Roman tombs

c) funding artists

37. "We try in art, as we do in normal practice and in the individual sciences, to discover the nature of the world with which we have to deal and how we may best ________________ it." a) appreciate b) manipulate c) survive in d) communicate e) commemorate

c) survive in

During what period of history, in Europe, did people begin to make a distinction between applied art (such as crafts) and fine art? a) the 20th century (Modern Period) b) the Classical Period (ancient Greece and Rome) c) the Renaissance d) the Middle Ages e) the Enlightenment (17th and 18th centuries)

c) the Renaissance

As discussed by Daniel Pink (and viewed in lecture) what utilitarian object did the renowned architect Michael Graves design for Target? a) cell phone covers b) soup can labels c) toilet brush d) table ware e) office furniture

c) toilet brush

What is the meaning of the following line from the poem The Chicago Picasso by "Gwendolyn Brooks? But we must cook ourselves and style ourselves for Art, who is a requiring courtesan." a) we need to dress appropriately when visiting art galleries b) we need to develop a personal style c) we need to learn something about art in order to appreciate it d) we need to satisfy the lower needs in Maslow's hierarchy first e) we need to preheat the oven and set the temperature at 425 degrees

c) we need to learn something about art in order to appreciate it

8. Quills are a common tool used for ink drawing. They were originally made from___________. a. rocks d. metal tubes b. tree branches e. plastic c. bird feathers

c. bird feathers

The essence of graphic design is: a) emotional expression b) intellectual challenge c) communication d) complex symbolism e) creating a visual statement that has multiple interpretations

c. communication

This painting process relies on freshly applied lime plaster to hold the pigment in place. a. casein d. tempera b. encaustic e. oil c. fresco

c. fresco

This painting technique was used by the prehistoric cave painters of Pech Merle, France, and is still used by contemporary graffiti artists. a. broken stroke d. glazing b. scumbling e. impasto c. spray paint

c. spray paint

The material on or from which an artist chooses to make a work of art is/are called _______. a) a material b) art supplies c) art substances d) a medium e) a compound

d) a medium

An organization or individual who sponsors the creation of works of art is called ______. a) an art lover b) a connoisseur c) a curator d) a patron e) none of the above

d) a patron

Artemisia Gentileschi created Judith Decapitating Holofernes (4.10.6) in response to _____. a) an interest in exploring new themes in art b) her occupation as a social worker c) the work of other artists she admired d) a sexual assault she suffered e) her experience in a military campaign

d) a sexual assault she suffered

39. According to Dr. Semir Zeki, viewing beautiful works of art stimulates the release of __________________ a neurotransmitter responsible for the experience of pleasurable feelings (like falling in love). a) antihistamine b) acetaminophen c) artamine d) dopamine e) viewing art does not stimulate pleasurable feelings

d) dopamine

According to Daniel Pink: "In an age of abundance, appealing only to rational, logical, and ________________ needs is woefully insufficient." a) aesthetic b) spiritual c) emotional d) functional e) technological

d) functional

Discovered in the 1990s, these brain cells enable us to experience (without "thinking" about it) the activities and emotions depicted in works of art. a) sympathy cells b) nerve cells c) optical neurons d) mirror neurons e) dopamine

d) mirror neurons

The remarkable load-bearing Maya pyramid Temple I at Tikal can be found in this modern country. a. Iraq b. Mexico e. China c. Egypt d. Guatemala

d. Guatemala

. The transparency of oil paint allows a painter to use a process called glazing in order to add a high degree of ____________ to a painting. a. sgraffito d. luminosity b. saturation e. impasto c. value

d. luminosity

Painting that integrates many different painting media and materials is classified as ______________ a. alternative d. mixed-media b. performance e. time-based c. crazy

d. mixed-media

44. This architectural construction method consists of two uprights and a crossbeam. a. dome b. load-bearing c. arch d. post-and-lintel e. vault

d. post-and-lintel

According to Ellen Dissanayake, making art gives us "the ability to shape and thereby exert some measure of control over the untidy material of everyday life." This was used to illustrate which of Maslow's needs? a) Love and Belonging b) Self-actualization c) Physiological d) Esteem e) Safety

e) safety

According to the web link (from the PowerPoint) we listened to in lecture, what does "choosing to be the good guy in video games" allow us to do (in terms of human needs)? a) satisfy physiological needs b) satisfy safety needs c) satisfy the need for maintaining a predictable, orderly environment d) satisfy the need to maintain homeostasis e) satisfy the need to self-actualize

e) satisfy the need to self-actualize

When confronted by art that does not meet our expectations (new, different, or difficult imagery), we experience ____________________________. a) nativistic perception b) personal schemas c) canonic representation d) directed perception e) visual dissonance

e) visual dissonance

Architects consider this when designing a building. a. the site b. engineering c. materials d. The needs of the user e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Which of these materials can be used to create a sculpture? a. wax d. ice b. stone e. all of the above c. plastic

e. all of the above

Sticks of chalk, pastel, and crayon are all made by combining pigment with ______ a. turpentine d. sawdust b. water e. binder c. chalk

e. binder

. Styles of art and architecture that were inspired by the Greeks and Romans are referred to as _______ a. Preraphaelite d. Mannerist b. Rococo e. Classical c. Impressionist

e. classical

. This is the practice of drawing from a live model or other actual objects. a. fantasy drawing d. genre drawing b. gesture drawing e. life drawing c. contour drawing

e. life drawing

. This painting tool can be used to apply thick encaustic paint. a. arrezzo d. intonaco b. airbrush e. palette knife c. impasto

e. palette knife

The Portland vase represents

symmetry

The artwork tea bowl represents

without pretense, natural and simplicity