ART110 - Ch 12
Which was an innovation of the ancient Egyptian Chair of Hetepheres?
It was portable with armrests
When did artists working in traditional "craft" media begin to claim their place in the fine arts world?
1960s
This ivory vessel from Sierra Leone combines ________ and _________ forms and imagery.
- African - European
How was this Chinese bowl made?
Potters wheel
Lacquer is made from tree _____________.
sap
What was the 19th century movement that promoted the handmade object and held exhibitions of pottery, textiles, and woodworking?
Arts and Crafts movement
To shape a hollow glass vessel, an artist can dip a long metal tube into molten glass, and then do what?
Blow air into the tube to create a bubble in the glass
The technique of melting metal to a liquid state and pouring it into a mold is called _____________.
Casting
Jade is known for which property?
Extreme hardness
True or False: All cultures make finite distinctions made between art and craft.
False
True or false: This bowl is representative of "Olumeye" bowls in Yoruba culture more generally.
False
When a metal is shaped through hammer blows, it is called ________________.
Forging
How can you tell pomegranate juice was held in this ancient Egyptian glass vessel?
Glass was a luxury item, and pomegranate juice was symbolically important
Which metals may be forged cold?
Gold
What historical even threatened the future of handmade craft objects?
Industrial Revolution
This "Aquamanile," which holds water for priests to wash their hands, can trace its roots back to which region?
Iran
what culture is best known for focusing a great deal of aesthetic attention on the production of carpets and rugs?
Islamic
Produced in Greece during the 16th century BCE this "Rhyton" is a metal that can be manipulated in what way?
It can be worked at room temperature
This Ardabil carpet from 16th century Persia was labor-intensive because it used the _________ technique, in which segments of wool were tied to a woven ground.
Knotting
Why do artists using lacquer need to exercise great patience?
Lacquer requires many layers to make a solid coat
When glass is heated, it becomes _________________ or melted.
Molten
When clay is mixed with water and becomes moldable and cohesive, it becomes ________________.
Plastic
What is fiber?
Pliable, threadlike strand
For the ancient Olmecs, what was jade?
Represented plant life and rainwater
What does the coiling technique involve?
Rope-like strands of clay that are joined together
European cathedrals built during the 12th and 13th centuries are famous for their __________ glass, an example of which can be seen in this image of the rose window and lancets in France's Chartres Cathedral.
Stained
What are sheets of colored glasses joined together with strips of lead called?
Stained glass
Which types of artwork does decorative arts describe?
Textiles, ceramic, and metalwork
Where were jade, ivory, and lacquer prized by numerous cultures?
Their rarity
What is one task of a designer?
To translate technological advances into aesthetically pleasing objects
True or False: If we no longer know the original context in which an object was created, we can still appreciate it as a work of art.
True
True or False: Scientists in the 19th and 20th centuries dug up graves, disturbed sacred sites and human remains in pursuit of their research into indigenous cultures.
True
For what is jade the common name?
Two minerals, nephrite and jadeite
Referring to ceramics, textiles, metalwork, and woodwork as applied arts suggests that these objects are merely __________.
Utilitarian
Which form of fiber art involves placing two sets of parallel fibers at right angles and interlacing one set with the other?
Weaving
Because ______ is renewable, available, and easily carved, almost all civilizations, old, and new, have made objects from it.
Wood
According to Gustav Stickley, in industrial design, the role of a(n) ______________ is to design an object that can be made by industrial methods.
artist
How was the Chinese lacquer snuff bottle carved?
In high relief
How was this Chinese jade basin carved?
In high relief
What do we know about this late 15th or early 16th century ivory vessel?
- Created by sculptor of the Sapi culture in the present day Sierra Leon, West Africa - Resembles a large European drinking glass, a goblet - Designed to hold salt
What aspects does this Library table constructed in Gustav Stickley's Craftsman Workshop
- Has simple, straightforward lines - An example of "Democratic art"
What about this Bracelet from Roman Empire indicates that it was made for a wealthy individual?
- It has an elaborate design - It contains emeralds, sapphires, and pearls - Gold is an expensive material
In what ways does being hollow help a ceramic object?
- It is hard to fire solid clay, which might explode in the kiln - Most ceramics are meant to hold things
What were the results of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990?
- It prohibited the digging up of native graves and sacred sites - It required the return of sacred objects collected in the past
Which of the following is true of the ivory trade?
- It severely impacted the world's elephant population - It was a global network that once moved ivory around the globe
For what reasons have artists and patrons adopted ivory as a material?
- Luxury material - Resilient material - Easy carve intricate designs in ivory
Of what materials is this Japanese writing box made?
- Mother of pearl - Red lacquer - Gold
What aspects does Merete Rasmussen's "Twisted Red Form" show?
- Non-representational sculptural form - Made using the coiling technique
What are considered vegetable fibers?
- Raffia - Cotton - Flax
For what reasons can we assume that only a small fraction of the wooden objects created over time still survive?
- Susceptible to insects - An organic material - Susceptible to water - Susceptible to fire
What do we know about this piece made by Pueblo potter Maria Martinez?
- The color scheme is due to the firing process - It is made through coiling
What facts do we know about the Olumeye bowl?
- The material in which the bowl was sculpted - Name of the sculptor who constructed the bowl
To where is lacquer unique?
East Asia
Who was the most prominent advocate for the Arts and Crafts movement in the United States?
Gustav Stickley
When clay is fired in a kiln, it is no longer _____________.
plastic
