AS 120 - Final Exam
Who is credited with making the first heavier than air glider flight in history?
10-year old son of one of Sir George Cayley's servants
Which airplane did the Wright Brothers describe in the drawings for their patent?
1902 glider
Which timeframe is considered to be the most innovative period in aviation history due to the many improvements in commercial airliners?
1930s
What is the standard pressure at sea level?
29.92 inches of mercury
What are the visibility and cloud ceiling requirements to fly under Visual Flight Rules?
3 miles visibility and 1,000 foot ceiling
The number 32 and 14 painted on a runway indicates that the runway is oriented approximately:
320 and 140 magnetic
What is the standard temperature at sea level?
59 degrees Fahrenheit
When computing weight and balance for an aircraft, pilots have to remember to multiply the number of gallons of fuel onboard by ________ in order to get the weight and moment of the fuel in the tanks.
6 lbs per gallon
What did Sir George Cayley discover with his whirling arm experiments?
A curved lifting surface generates more lift than a flat lifting surface
What is an ornithopter?
A machine that attempts to fly by flapping
Microbursts
Abrupt downdrafts up to 6,000 feet per minute
What did the "tower jumpers" contribute to the knowledge of aerodynamics?
Absolutely nothing
Controls roll
Aileron
Which legislation set airmail rates based on space available for mail rather than the weight of mail to favor the development of large aircraft?
Air Mail Act of 1930
Which of the following is classified as a super-jumbo jet or very large aircraft?
Airbus 380
Who provides aircraft performance charts?
Aircraft manufacturer
What was Sir George Cayley's most important discovery?
Airfoil
Class C Airspace
Airspace over Daytona Beach International
The pitot system provides impact pressure for which instrument?
Airspeed Indicator
Who is considered the "Father of Airline Deregulation"?
Alfred Kahn
What is the primary reason a pilot must learn how flight instruments work? Recognize errors and malfunctions Be able to operate the flight instrument Be able to interpret the information provided All of the above
All of above
Who is considered the "Father of Flying Models"?
Alphonse Penaud
What form of electricity is usually preferred for aviation use?
Alternate current (AC)
Which pair is an example of a legacy air carrier and a low cost carrier?
American Airlines and Southwest Airlines
What is a prohibited area?
Area established for national security
What has the most predominant effect on aircraft performance?
Atmosphere (pressure and temperature)
What is the definition Vy?
Best time to altitude
taxiway edge
Blue
Fuselage
Body of the airplane
Which was the first airliner to combine all-metal construction, retractable landing gear, and variable pitch propellers?
Boeing 247
Which of the following is history's best selling airplane?
Boeing 737
What is a front?
Boundary layer between two types of air masses, for example, a warm or cold front
Which of the following is NOT one of the four factors that affect aircraft performance?
Ceiling
Who were Langley and the Wrights "Mechanicans"?
Charles Manly and Charles Taylor
Which country has the earliest legends of flight?
China
Who is credited with being the first person in history to be carried aloft?
Chinese soldier in a man-carrying kite during the 12th century
In the northern hemisphere, what is the wind pattern around a high pressure area?
Clockwise
What is the word "contrail" short for?
Condensation trail
Who operates Airbus?
Consortium of French, German, Spanish, and U.K. companies
In the northern hemisphere, what is the wind pattern around a low pressure area?
Counter-clockwise
For pilots, what are the most dangerous clouds?
Cumulonimbus
On what date did the Wrights made the first successful manned, controlled, powered flight in history?
December 14, 1903
What is the purpose of the fuel mixture knob?
Decrease the amount of fuel in the mixture to compensate for decreased air density
What is the standard lapse rate in the troposphere?
Decreases at a rate of 2° Centigrade or 3.5° Farenheit per 1,000 feet
What is a medical danger associated with long range flights?
Deep vein thrombosis
Landing Gear
Device that allows an airplane to roll down a runnway
Rearward force created by the disruption of airflow
Drag
How can you tell a military airfield at night?
Dual white and green beacon
How can a pilot ensure that the correct aviation grade gas is currently in the fuel tanks?
Dyes are added to the fuel to help identify the type and grade
What is the phonetic alphabet pronunciation for the letter "E" ?
Echo
Controls pitch
Elevator
When is the only time a pilot may deviate from an ATC instruction?
Emergency
Who invented the hot-air balloon?
Etienne and Joseph Montgolfier
Leonardo Da Vinci's research (drawings) were ahead of their time. Some of his inventions were an ornithopter, a personal jet pack and a parachute. T or F?
False
Signed into law in October 1978, the Airline Deregulation Act introduced unrestricted fare and route competition. The airline industry was re-regulated in 2001. True or false.
False
The engine will stop if the Master Switch is turned off in flight. True or False?
False
Who publishes the Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge?
Federal Aviation Administration
What was the Gossamer Condor's achievement?
First successful human-powered flight
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of pressurized aircraft?
Fly over the weather
Who finally proved that humans do not have the muscle power to fly by flapping their arms?
Giovanni Borelli
What is a subsidy?
Government grant to a company to assist an enterprise advantageous to the public
What was the pilot qualification requirement to attempt the first successful airplane flight in history?
Guess correctly with a flip of a coin
Every physical process of weather is accompanied by, or is the result of:
Heat exchanges
For aviation purposes, what is a cloud ceiling?
Height of the lowest layer of clouds reported as being broken or overcast
Class A Airspace
High altitude always located here
Arm
Horizontal distance from the datum to the CG of an item
Per mythology, who flew too close to the sun and plunged to his death when his wings melted?
Icarus
Datum
Imaginary line from which all measurements are taken
What is spatial disorientation?
Incident in flight where pilot fails to sense his correct body position
Which of the following was NOT an objective of the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB)?
Insure competition between the airlines
What did the Wrights consider to be the most important item on the "to do" list to invent the airplane?
Invent light weight engine and propeller
What is commonly accepted definition of a Very Light Jet (VLJ)?
Jet aircraft weighing less than 10,000 pounds certificated for single pilot operations
Who built a tiny steam engine that powered the first engine-driven model airplane?
John Stringfellow
Why did the Wrights succeed while Langley did not?
Langley did not experiment with a full-scale model
Upward force produced by the dynamic effect of the air on the wing.
Lift
Who is considered the first person to make a witnessed descent with a parachute?
Louis-Sebastien Lenormand
Which of the following is NOT one of the four unfulfilled promises of flight?
Military jets
What is the purpose of the induction system?
Mixes air from the outside with fuel and delivers the mixture to the cylinder
What is the definition of Vx?
Most altitude gained per distance traveled
Where is Kitty Hawk located?
North Carolina
What is load factor?
Number of passengers aboard an airliner as a percentage of seats available
Who published in 1894 the first history of aviation entitled Progress in Flying Machines?
Octave Chanute
Who is considered the first successful aviator with over 2,000 glider flight?
Otto Lilienthal
What is the primary legal source for a FAA-approved weather briefing?
Phone call to a Flight Service Station
Who was the first person in history to go aloft in a hot-air balloon?
Pilatre de Rozier
What is the type of navigation where the aircraft is navigated solely by using an aeronautical chart and reference to visible landmarks?
Pilotage
Center of Gravity
Point at which airplane would balance if suspended at that point.
The four components of DR navigation are:
Position, direction, time and speed
What is the purpose of the carburetor heat knob?
Preheat air before it enters the carburetor.
Moment
Product of a item weight multiplied by it's arm
Which of the following is NOT one of the four-strokes of a reciprocating engine?
Recycle
Runway edge
Red
What is a temporary flight restriction (TFR)?
Restricts aircraft from operating within a defined area on a short-term basis
Which of the following is NOT a process by which contrails are formed?
Rising air cools causing water vapor to condense into droplets
Controls yaw
Rudder
Who is credited with making the first successful, sustained, flight of a powered flying machine?
Samuel Langley
Who is credited with discovering the four forces of flight?
Sir George Cayley
What is the commonly accepted definition of a Regional Jet (RJ)?
Small jet with less than 70 seats
Trim Tab
Small, moveable portion of the elevator, rudder, or aileron
CG Limits
Specified points within which CG must be located during flight.
Which was the world's first scheduled airline?
St. Petersburg-Tampa Airboat Line
What kind of weather is generally associated with a high pressure system?
Stable air, light winds, and clear skies
To get a complete weather briefing for a planned flight, what should the pilot request?
Standard briefing
What is hypoxia?
State of oxygen deficiency in the body
What is the definition of an airfoil?
Structure designed to obtain a reaction from the air through which it moves
Wind Shear
Sudden change in wind speed and/or direction
What is the purpose of a magneto?
Supply electrical current to the spark plugs
Class B Airspace
Surrounds nation's busiest airports
Class D Airspace
Surrounds smaller airports with operational control tower.
Which cockpit gauge is direct indication of engine and propeller power?
Tachometer
Empennage
Tail assembly
If a pilot has improperly loaded or balanced an airplane, during which phase of flight will poor or unsafe performance normally occur?
Takeoff
Regarding runway incursions, the most common error is:
Taking off without clearance
What is dew point?
Termperature at which the air can hold no more moisture
How did the US government financially support the first airlines?
Through airmail contracts
How was government sponsorship and regulation inextricably bound with the growth of U.S. airlines?
Through airmail contracts
Force produced by propeller or jet engine
Thrust
What is the purpose of a business jet?
Transport business people at a time convenient to their needs
A pilot can control the location of an airplane's Center of Gravity. True or False?
True
After the Wrights flew in 1903, the next public US flight was not made until 1908 by Glenn Curtiss. True or False?
True
Density altitude is defined as pressure altitude corrected for variations from standard temperature, pressure and humidity. True or False
True
Even a barn foor will fly if it has enough power. True or False?
True
Fate dictated that Da Vinci's research had virtually no impact on the development of flight. True or False?
True
In a gravity-feed fuel system, the fuel tanks are physically located above the carburetor. True or False?
True
Langley made two attempts at flying before the Wright Brothers even attempted their first flight. True or False?
True
Lilienthal's last words were, "Sacrifices must be made." True or False?
True
Moist air is less dense than dry air. True or False?
True
The Wrights considered their work on propeller design to be their greatest analytical achievement. True or False?
True
The advent of jetliners in the late 1950s changed the face of air travel more than any other single technological innovation since the Wright Brothers. True or False.
True
When the air temperature is within 5 degrees of the dew point and the spread is decreasing, expect fog and/or low clouds. True or False?
True
Convective currents
Turbulent air when flying at low altitudes during the summer
What kind of weather is generally associated with a low pressure system?
Unstable air, increasing cloudiness, and rain
Which items are included in the empty weight of an airplane?
Unusable fuel and undrainable oil
Who was the dominant figure that shaped the early course of US commercial air transport?
Walter F. Brown
What tends to accelerate technology?
War
What does it mean when an airport's rotating beacon is operated during daylight hours?
Weather at the airport is below VFR minimums
Downward force produced by airplane, crew, fuel, and baggage load
Weight
While flying North in your trusty Cessna 172, you are advised by ATC that you have "Traffic at 9 o'clock, same altitude." Where do you look?
West , same altitude
What does a fully extended windsock indicate?
Wind direction and 15 knot wind velocity
Wings
airfoils attached to each side of the fuesalage
Airspeed Indicator
displays aircraft's speed relative to airmass aircraft is flying in.
Runway Edge
white
