ASB 222 FINAL
The second human diaspora, when humans colonized much of the planet, including Australia, and the Americas, occurred when?
10-50 kya
When do biologically modern humans appear in the archaeological record?
200 kya
Agriculture has changed the environment by causing
A Deforestation B Erosion C Loss of species diversity ALL OF THE ABOVE
A social archaeologist, such as Dr. Smith, would be most interested in:
A commoner's house
Which of the following technologies were widespread among Homo Sapiens during the last glaciation?
A. Control of fire B. Specialized weapons C. Built shelters ALL OF THE ABOVE
The goals of archaeology include:
A. Discovering evidence of the human past B. Reconstructing cultural history around the world C. Reconstructing past lives and societies ALL OF THE ABOVE !!
Archaeological theories
A. Explain and describe the past B. Provide a broad explanatory framework for material evidence C. Are based on existing evidence and research ALL OF ABOVE
The centers of Maya cities usually included:
A. Plazas B. Temple pyramids C. Palaces D. Ballcourts E. ALL OF THE ABOVE
Who was left after the Maya collapse?
A. Puuc Maya culture in the Yucatan B. Highland Maya communities C. Villages on the edge of the Southern Maya Lowlands D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
Ohio Hopewell people
A. Were fairly mobile year to year B. Lived in small, dispersed hamlets C. Were agriculturalists ALL OF THE ABOVE
What tool tradition, featuring standardized bifaces, was produced by Homo erectus?
Acheulean
You are an archaeologist on a team excavating an ancient site. You find evidence of elite and commoner classes, large public buildings, and a group of people who earned their living making pottery. This evidence suggests the site was____
An early state-level society
Environments and ecosystems that have been heavily impacted or even created by human activity are generally called
Anthropogenic
The earliest ceramics in the world are found in
Asia
Chaco persisted as a political entity influencing a smaller region after moving to:
Aztec
Periodic markets in the Hohokam area are thought to follow:
Ballgames at ballcourt structures
The beginning of the Neolithic coincides with the end of the Younger Dryas, which was a short period of
Cooling
Anthropologists argue that construction of Hopewell mounds
Created a stronger sense of community
Differences in oxidation between the core of a pot sherd, and the exterior of that sherd allow archaeologists to infer:
Duration of firing
Which of the following did NOT contribute to the Maya collapse?
Epidemic disease
When making ceramics, clay does not need to be processed after it is harvested from the clay source.
False
Which of the following is an example of a low-density tropical city?
Great Zimbabwe
Typically, domesticated plants differ from their wild relatives in that domesticated plants:
Have larger and/or more fruits Have impaired seed-dispersal mechanisms that allow humans to harvest their fruits Require humans to help them reproduce ALL OF THE ABOVE
Scholars debate whether the Mayan site of Tikal qualifies as a real city because:
It had very low population density
Of the following, what were the two main challenges people had to overcome in colonizing the Americas?
Living in subarctic environments and traveling from Alaska to the rest of the American continents
Hohokam can be considered a major civilization because it had
None of the above--the Hohokam were not such a civilization
The earliest states that developed through local processes are called
Primary States
____ is the location of an artifact in an archaeological site.
Provenience
Hohokam ceramics were sourced by
Studying thin sections and using the microprobe
You are an archaeologist excavating a site and you find an artifact of a type you've never seen before. Which method would NOT help you figure out what the artifact was used for in the past?
Survey
Mohenjo-daro, an Indus Valley culture, is unique among the state societies we covered in this module because:
The existence of social stratification is not clear given the evidence currently available.
The geology of the phoenix basin allowed for archaeologists to source pots produced in different areas. This allowed archaeologists to reconstruct
The movement of pots on the landscape and trade networks
The two major hypotheses explaining the origins of modern humans are
The multiregional model vs the out-of-Africa model
The idea that pre-contact groups in the New World did not change their environment is termed:
The pristine myth
Phytoliths are plentiful in the archaeological record because:
They are made of silica and resist decay
Archaeology applies scientific methods and theories to the material remains of past cultures to understand human behavior.
True
Where was the Anu Ziggurat located
Uruk
Archaeologists that live in other cultures to learn about how artifacts are are made and used are called:
ethnoarchaeologists
After the Urban Revolution, most societies have communal ownership of land, animals and other resources.
false
Aztec commoners, such as those at Cuexcomate and Capilco, were poor and oppressed.
false
Human sacrifice was the greatest concern and dictated all the activities of the average Aztec person.
false
People chose to practice agriculture because it afforded them more free time and a more regular supply of food.
false
Radiocarbon dating can date things that lived up to 500,000 years ago.
false
The Hohokam pottery economy was very simple; every site produced its own pottery and there was little trade.
false
The geographic area of the Hopewell culture is limited to modern day Mississippi
false
Tripartite Hopewell earthworks probably never took more than five years to complete
false
Flotation of archaeological sediments is aimed towards the recovery of:
human remains
Archaeology without excavation
is a hypothesis
Four methods for chronometrically dating the past are Potassium-Argon dating, Radio Carbon dating, Historical documents, and
lithics ... or survey.. probably lithics
A practice that is sustainable when the local scale is taken into consideration, may not necessarily be sustainable at the global scale
true
A preexisting civil war among the Inka made things much easier for the Spanish conquerors.
true
Evidence presented suggests that the Tiwanaku Empire expanded as far San Pedro Atacama in modern Chile
true
Human evolution is not a straight line but rather has many evolutionary dead ends and branches.
true
Stratigraphy is a relative chronology method where objects are dated in relation to each other by which layer with which they are associated.
true
The Egyptian state differed from those in Mesopotamia, in that it lacked a market economy
true
The advent of agriculture is associated with an increase in dental caries (cavities) in skeletal remains.
true
The archaeological remains of bands and tribes are generally more difficult to find than that of chiefdoms and states.
true
The hominins that exited Africa during the first out of Africa migration were anatomically modern humans.
true
When an archaeologist attempts to find sites with a conservation goal in mind, s/he is trying to identify the potential damage of a proposed project by finding any archaeological sites in its path.
true
The Andean practice of sending out satellite communities to collect resources from other ecological zones in order to maintain self-sufficiency is called:
verticality
