Autonomic Nervous System
Collateral Ganglia
-Anterior to the vertebral bodies; innervate tissues and organs in the abdominopelvic cavity.
Sympathetic Division
A branch of the autonomic nervous system and prepares the body for quick action in emergencies; fight or flight; busiest when frightened, angry, or aroused; increases heart rate, increases breathing rate, enlarges pupils, stops digestion; connects to all internal organs; sudden reaction
Autonomic Nervous System
A subdivision of the peripheral nervous system. Controls involuntary activity of visceral muscles and internal organs and glands.
Preganglionic Fibers
Axons of preganglionic motor neurons
Enteric Nervous System
Consists of a large network of neurons surrounding the digestive organs, helping to regulate processes such as smooth muscle contraction, fluid exchange, blood flow to digestive organs, and hormone release.
Splanchnic Nerve
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers that pass through sympathetic trunk ganglia to terminate in prevertebral ganglia are called __________.
Celiac Ganglion
The Greater splanchnic nerves synapse with their postganglionic neurons here; Innervates stomach, liver, pancreas, spleen
Adrenal Medulla
The inner region of the adrenal gland. The adrenal medulla is part of the sympathetic nervous system, and releases epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine into the blood when stimulated. These hormones augment and prolong the effects of sympathetic stimulation in the body.
Preganglionic Neurons
Visceral motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord that extend to ganglia.
Sympathetic Nerves
autonomic nerves that influence bodily functions involuntarily in times of stress
Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion
collateral ganglia that control the reproductive organs, blaadder, kidney, colon, and rectum
Sympathetic Activation
crisis; increased alertness, a feeling of energy and euphoria, increased cardiovascular and respiratory activity, general elevation in muscle tone, and mobilization of energy reserve.
Parasympathetic Division
rest or digest; A branch of the autonomic nervous system that maintains normal body functions; it calms the body ever conserves energy.
