Autonomic Nervous System
What is the Autonomic nervous system? What is it connected to?
-Regulates and supports many different internal processes; often outside of a person's conscious control - Part of PNS
What are the 2 parts of the Nervous System?
1. Central Nervous System- Brain and spinal cord 2. Peripheral Nervous System- All the neurons outside of the central nervous system
What neurotransmitter is involved in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways?
Acetylcholine is involved in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways.
What are the subsystems of ANS? Explain how they help the body?
Sympathetic- neurons prep body to react to something in the environment Ex-Increase heart rate to prepare for a person to escape danger - Fight or flight Parasympathetic- neurons mostly regulate bodily functions when a person is at rest Ex- When we are resting
Explain the major divisions and subdivisions of the Nervous system ?
The central nervous system is connected the Peripheral. Which is split into 2 sections: 1- Sensory (afferent) (voluntary/ you choose to do it) -Somatic: General touch, pain, pressure, etc SPECIAL- hearing and vision -Visceral: stretch, pain, temp, chemical changes, etc SPECIAL: Taste, smell 2- Motor (efferent) (involuntary/ we don't control it) -Somatic: skeletal muscle movement -Visceral- motor innervation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands: then split into Parasympathetic and Sympathetic
What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
The parasympathetic nervous system mostly regulates bodily functions when a person is at rest, such as when we are sleeping.
What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?
The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body to react to something in the environment, such as increasing heart rate to prepare for a person to escape danger. It is also responsible for the fight or flight response.
What is the function of the endocrine pancreas?
controls blood glucose levels by secreting the polypeptide hormones insulin and glucagon.
What is the major glucocorticoid in humans?
he major glucocorticoid in humans is cortisol
What physiological changes are brought about by glucocorticoids?
increase blood glucose due to increased gluconeogenesis, inhibit protein synthesis and increase proteolysis, and have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.
What physiological changes does epinephrine bring about when released into the bloodstream?
increased heart rate and blood flow, faster breathing, raised blood sugar levels, and increased strength and physical performance
What is the function of the exocrine pancreas?
responsible for the secretion of digestive enzymes, ions, and water into the duodenum of the gastrointestinal tract
