BA 475 Chapter 9
Which statement best summarizes the components of empowerment as defined by the authors? A) Leaders delegate leadership and decision making down to the lowest level possible and equip followers with the resources, knowledge, and skills necessary to make good decisions. B) Leaders articulate a vision and specific goals and hold followers responsible for achieving them. C) Followers act as entrepreneurs and owners who question rules and make intelligent decisions. D) Empowerment is a bottom-up approach that focuses on intelligent risk taking, growth, change, trust, and ownership.
Leaders delegate leadership and decision making down to the lowest level possible and equip followers with resources necessary to make good decisions
In the context of the factors affecting motivation at work, which of the following statements is true of the operant approach? A) A shortcoming of the operant technique is that situational factors can overwhelm the effectiveness of a reward program. B) In the operant technique, noncontingent rewards and punishments are associated with particular behaviors. C) Leadership practitioners should create perceptions of inequity when administering individually tailored rewards. D) Leadership practitioners should limit themselves to administering organizationally sanctioned rewards and punishments.
A shortcoming of the operant technique is that situational factors can overwhelm the effectiveness of a reward program
Which of the following would most likely result in consistently higher effort and performance? A) assigning goals that are both specific and difficult B) having goals that are very difficult to achieve C) assigning "do your best" goals D) having multiple goals
Assigning goals that are both specific and difficult
In the context of the fundamental needs that affect motivation, which of the following statements is true of the work of Daniel Pink? A) Pink believed that followers need to be paid lower than market rates. B) Millennials, Gen Yers, Gen Xers, and Baby Boomers have nothing in common when it comes to autonomy, mastery, and meaning. C) Pink maintained that rewards and punishment work well for motivating employees doing routine and assembly line work. D) One critical aspect of autonomy is providing followers with feedback on skill development or task progress.
Pink maintained that rewards and punishment work well for motivating employees doing routine and assembly line work
In the context of team and organizational effectiveness, which of the following refers to people systematically overestimating their own performance in areas where they lack competence and readily dismissing any information to the contrary? A) the Pygmalion effect B) the Dunning-Kruger effect C) the Golem effect D) the Autler-Townes effect
The Dunning-Kruger effect
According to McClelland, differences in achievement orientation are a key reason why people differ in the levels of effort they exert to accomplish assignments, objectives, or goals.
True
Motivation, learning, and stress are the three macro psychological components of empowerment.
True
Studies suggest that if firms could get almost 4 percent more work out of each employee, the GDP in the United States would increase by $355 billion.
True
Which statement about empowerment and the operant approach is most likely true? A) A concerning situation can almost always be fixed, and followers are the only variable important in the performance equation. B) By changing a particular situation, leaders can enhance followers' motivation, performance, and satisfaction. C) Restructuring work processes and procedures generally has little effect on follower's motivational levels. D) Most followers enjoy the challenge of doing things in new ways and feel immediately empowered.
By changing a particular situation, leaders can enhance a follower's motivation, performance, and satisfaction
Which of the following statements about goals is most likely false? A) Determining just how challenging to make goals creates a dilemma for many leaders. B) Goal commitment is likely to increase with follower participation in goal setting. C) Followers exert the greatest effort when goals are accompanied by feedback. D) Easily attainable goals result in higher levels of effort and performance.
Easily attainable goals result in higher levels of effort and performance
Which of the following involves making judgments about the adequacy of behavior with respect to certain criteria such as work group or organizational goals? A) reliability B) responsiveness C) performance D) effectiveness
Effectiveness
Which of the following is the most powerful determinant of task behavior according to Locke and Latham? A) values B) goals C) abilities D) needs
Goals
Which of the following is not a macro psychological component that underlies empowerment? A) motivation B) influence C) learning D) stress
Influence
Which of the following most likely occurs when leaders articulate high expectations for followers? A) the Hawthorne effect B) the Pygmalion effect C) the Golem effect D) the Hierarchy effect
The Pygmalion effect
A firm with a pay-for-performance culture that distributes bonuses and commissions for results obtained is most likely using the empowerment approach to motivate employees.
False
According to Daniel Pink, rewards and punishment are unhelpful in motivating employees doing routine, assembly line work but work well when it comes to performing complex tasks or creating new products.
False
According to research, a strong correlation exists between the amount of money an organization spends on motivational programs and motivational speakers and its revenues, profitability, and market share.
False
According to the Pygmalion effect, leaders who have little faith in their followers' ability to accomplish a goal are rarely disappointed.
False
Employee engagement is the extent to which people enjoy coming to work or are happy with their pay and benefits, and job satisfaction is the extent to which people are absorbed with, committed to, and enthusiastic about their assigned work tasks.
False
In the context of the operant approach, noncontingent rewards or punishments are administered as consequences of a particular behavior.
False
Leaders that use operant principles to motivate workers should limit themselves to administering organizationally sanctioned rewards and punishments.
False
Performance differs from effectiveness in that performance generally involves making judgments about the adequacy of behavior with respect to certain criteria such as work group or organizational goals.
False
The second component of a performance management cycle is planning that includes tracking follower performance, sharing feedback on goal progress, providing needed resources and coaching, and the like.
False
In the context of factors that affect worker motivation, which of the following is a macro psychological component that underlies empowerment? A) meaning B) influence C) learning D) competence
Learning
