BIO 112 Chapter 23

Which of the following is a characteristic of an Ascomycete?

An ascus forms to produce a diploid nucleus, which divides by meiosis to produce four haploid nuclei, which then divide by mitosis to produce eight ascospores.

Which of the following features are characteristic of fungi?

Cell walls, feeding by absorption, and usually filamentous bodies

Which polysaccharide is produced by both fungi and arthropods?

Chitin

Which fungal group produces swimming, flagellated spores?

Chytrids

Which of the following is a fungus that forms a zygosporangium?

black bread mold

The worldwide die-off of frogs has been traced to infection by

chytrids.

What part of the fungal body is typically visible to the unaided eye?

differentiated reproductive structures

Rusts and smuts are examples of

fungal plant diseases.

The antibiotic penicillin was originally derived from

fungi.

The interwoven mass of cells that forms large structures such as an earthstar or a mushroom is a

mycelium

Glomeromycete fungi form __________ with plants to create a beneficial relationship

mycorrhizae

Assume that while viewing a fungus microscopically, you notice that the hypha do not appear to be composed of individual cells. What would you expect to find associated with this elongated cell upon closer inspection?

numerous nuclei within each elongated cell

Mycorrhizae are symbiotic associations between

plant roots and a fungus

Molds easily contaminate foods because fungi

produce huge numbers of airborne spores.

Both bacteria and fungi digest food by

secreting enzymes and then absorbing the smaller molecules.

In ascomycetes, the ascus functions in

sexual reproduction

What is the principle way fungi reproduce?

spore production

A zygosporangium is produced by

the union of two haploid hyphae.

Single-celled fungi are known as

yeasts.

In which environment would you most likely find chytrids?

A warm swamp

If a strong fungicide is released and eliminates all the fungi in an ecosystem, which of the following is likely to happen?

An accumulation of dead and discarded plant and animal tissues

Which of the following is an example of a parasitic fungal disease?

Athlete's foot

How are lichens and mycorrhizae similar?

Both form symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic species

________ form beneficial symbiotic relationships with plant roots.

Glomeromycetes

Which of the following is an important characteristic of some members of the Zygomycetes fungi?

Haploid spores can be produced sexually or asexually.

Which of the following are among the first organisms to colonize barren habitats?

Lichens

How does a plant benefit from an association between the plant's roots and a fungus?

The fungus processes soil nutrients and minerals and passes those from soil to the root cells of the plant.

The photosynthetic component of a lichen is a(n)

alga or cyanobacterium

The specialized reproductive structures of sac fungi are called

asci.

The body of a fungus is generally composed of

hyphae