Bio 2 Exam #3
Most reptiles are _____ and their fertilization is _______.
oviparous; internal
Gas exchange in terrestrial insects is accomplished through:
the use of trachea
Which is a characteristic of all annelids?
they have a segmented body
Class _______ includes mostly extinct species and a few current species such as feather stars and sea Lillies.
Crinoidea
Diploblastic animals, such as cnidarians and _______, have only two germ layers, ectoderm and ________.
ctenophores; endoderm
The lining of the digestive tube is formed from:
endoderm
What term describes how most sponges can produce both male and female gametes?
hermaphroditic
All echinoderms are found:
in marine habitats
The veliger larval form is unique to:
molluscs
Tunicates are ______ in the phylum _______.
urochordates; Chordata
Parapodia are characteristic of oligochaete T/F
False- polychaete
_____ is an anticoagulant used by leeches.
Hirudin
A member of subphylum Chelicerata is a spider T/F
True
What is the mode of nutrition for clams and oysters?
filter feeders
Metamorphosis occurs in which of the following vertebrate classes?
Amphibia
Which of the following statements about arthropods is FALSE?
Arthropods have an incomplete digestive tract
After embryonic development, members of the phylum Rotifera are incapable of:
cell division
In which group did the amniotic egg first evolve?
reptiles
What is the mode of nutrition for most Poriferans?
suspension/filter feeders
The anterior end of a tapeworm is known as the:
scolex
The head end of an animal is known as its:
anterior end
One true characteristic of all animals is that they:
are heterotrophs
Which statement about bilateral symmetry is FALSE?
bilateral symmetry evolved in cnidarians
Sponges have specialized cells, but those cells are not organized into:
tissues
The _____ are very common arthropod Paleozoic fossils, and are extinct today.
trilobites
How is a pseudocoelom different from a coelom?
A coelom is a cavity between two tissue layers.
Segementation is important in annelids as an aid in:
locomotion
In scyphozoans, the _____ is the dominant body form.
medusa
A true body cavity completely surrounded by ______ is called a coelom.
mesoderm
The _____ gives rise to muscles, bones, and the circulatory system.
mesoderm
Complete ________ reduces competition among insects within the same species.
metamorphosis
Lancelets are:
filter feeders
Which structure is used to help regulate buoyancy of fish?
swim bladder
Segmentation in arthropods differs from that of annelids because arthropod segments are:
more specialized
Which term can be applied to both monotremes and sharks?
oviparous
Which term describes an animal that lays eggs?
oviparous
The larvae of some cnidarians are known as _______ larvae.
planula
The first air-breathing land animals were:
arthropods
The first function of feathers was most likely:
as color displays in courtship rituals
In cnidarians, nemotocysts are housed within what type of specialized cell?
cnidocytes
Where does digestion in a sponge take place?
individual cells
Urochordates are off chordates, as typically only the ______ shows the basic chordate characteristics.
larva
Order _____ includes the turtles and tortoises.
Testudines
A nauplius larva is characteristic of:
crustaceans
Which is a unique adaptation in insects not found in any other arthropod?
wings
Which of the following is an adaptation that enables cephalopods to escape from their predators?
rapidly changing colors
Which statement about the development of coelom is FALSE?
It requires animals to have either two or three tissue layers.
Sharks that are _____ incubate their eggs within the mothers body.
ovoviviparous
One characteristic of class Bivalvia is that they:
possess two shells with a hinge
The ____ of an earthworm allows them to resist desiccation in terrestrial environments.
cuticle
Which of the following phyla is a deuterostome?
echinoderms
The body of a tapeworm consists of segments, each of which is called a proglottid T/F
True
Which of the following explains why fewer animals live in freshwater than in the ocean?
Freshwater is generally hypotonic to tissue fluids.
Which structure do numerous mollusks use to scrape algae off rocks?
radula
Spiny echidnas are unlike other mammals in that they:
do not have nipples
The epidermis of a nematode is derived from the:
ectoderm
Order ______ includes the snakes.
Squamata
Sponges are believed to have arisen from the choanoflagellates because they possess:
collar cells
Which arthropods have mandibles, gills, excretory glands, and statocysts?
crustaceans
The earliest mammals resembled small:
dogs
Which group of organisms display radial cleavage during development?
echinoderms
Within the chordate classes, the unique characteristic of the class Aves is:
feathers
Hagfishes are differentiated from lampreys and all other fishes in that:
hagfishes lack vertebrae
Which is critical to polychaete and oligochaete locomotion?
setae
A marine invertebrate placed into freshwater would have difficulty surviving because:
It would have difficulty with osmoregulation
Your abdominal cavity, which contains most of your major organs, is a:
coelom lined by mesoderm
Like the cnidarians, flatworms depend on ______ for achieving circulation and gas exchange.
diffusion
The diverse body plans seen in Animalia apparently developed during the:
Cambrian Period
Members of the phylum _____ are the simplest organisms with a separate mouth and anus.
Ctenophora
Which is a characteristic of tapeworms?
Tapeworms have bodies that consist of hundreds of reproductive segments.
How do leeches differ from other annelids?
They do not have setae or parapodia.
Which of the below are living descendants of dinosaurs?
birds
The common ancestor of all animals is/are the:
choanoflagellates
Which of the following is NOT an adaptation needed for living on land?
external respiratory surfaces
Because it is an enclosed compartment of fluid under pressure, the coelom can serve as a _______, which shapes the body of soft animals.
hydrostatic skeleton
Arthropods with mandibles, a single pair of antennae, and two legs on most body segments are:
millipedes
A grasshopper belongs in the Ecdysozoa clade because of its ability to:
molt
Marsupials include the:
opossum
What is the key characteristic that defines the Ecdysosozoa clade?
the animal molts
Echinoderms are unique because:
their larvae are bilaterally symmetrical while the adult is pentaradially symmetrical
Mammals descended from a ground of reptiles known as:
therapsids
Ctenophores capture food:
using adhesive glue cells that trap prey
Which characteristic best describes vertebrates?
vertebral column
The most unique feature of the echinoderms is their:
water vascular system
Annelids are segmented worms T/F
True
Snakes are closely related to:
reptiles
The intermediate host for a blood fluke is a:
snail
The first land animals likely moved onto land how long ago?
450 million years
What are the two clades of the protostomes?
Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysosozoa
Which arthropod has chelicerae, pedipalps, and silk glands?
spider
Adult tunicates resemble _____ and are _____.
sponges; filter feeders
Which of the following characteristic about animals is FALSE?
Animals cannot respond to stimuli
A fish with cartilaginous skeleton and paired fins would be in the group:
Chondrichthyes
From an evolutionary perspective, true nerve cells are first seen in the phylum:
Cnidaria
Which pair of words is incorrectly matched?
Coelom- no body cavity
A radula is a characteristic of certain members of phylum Platyhelminthes T/F
False- Mollusca
Cephalopods have an open circulatory system T/F
False- closed
Which animal phylum has asymmetrical body plan?
Porifera
How do protostomes differ from deuterostomes?
Protostomes undergo spiral cleavage during development.
Which are the animals with a crown of cilia that look like a spinning wheel?
Rotifers
If adult sponges are sessile, why can they still be classified as animals?
Sponge larvae are motile
The phylum name arthropoda refers to:
jointed appendages
The monotremes are an unusual group of mammals because they:
lay eggs
Sea stars eat:
mostly crustaceans and mollusks
In most protostomes, the blastopore develops into the:
mouth
Which of the following terms is associated with polychaete?
parapodia
Ribbon worms have a unique ________ that is used to capture prey.
proboscis
Deuterostomes are characterized by _____ and ______ cleavage.
radial; indeterminate
Malpighian tubules are used for excretion T/F
True
Salamanders are members of the order:
Caudata
Choanocytes are a characteristic of members of the phylum Cnidaria T/F
False- Porifera
A nematocyst is a type of stinging cell T/F
False- cnidocyte
What molecular evidence have been found in Cnidarians that is evidence to indicate cnidarians share a common ancestor with bilateral animals?
Hox genes
Which class of animals has the largest number of species?
Insecta
Which statement best supports why animals most likely evolved in the ocean?
Internal fluid and salt balance was easy to maintain
Which statement best describes a lophophore?
It is a ciliated ring of tentacles surrounding the mouth.
Which was the primary challenge animals faced in adapting to life on land?
The desiccating effect of the atmosphere
The first animals to show cephalization have several characteristics. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
These animals had a proboscis.
Which of the following is a major problem for sessile animals?
They are unable to escape unfavorable environmental conditions.
Which statement about echinoderms is FALSE?
They show evidence of segmentation
What is the purpose of protonephridia in flatworms?
To regulate fluid balance
In sponges, spicules are secreted by amoeboid cells T/F
True
Members of phylum Arthropoda have paired, jointed appendages T/F
True
Members of phylum Ctenophora are diploblastic but lack cnidocytes T/F
True
Members of the Ecdysozoa clade are characterized by having a cuticle. T/F
True
The tetrapods include:
amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals
Sea stars are primarily:
carnivores
You are told that the digestive tract of the animal you are studying developed an anus before a mouth. You realize that you may be looking at a:
cat
Most mollusks are:
marine