Bio Final
Ctenophores capture food by
a sticky mucus on their tentacles that capture small invertabrae
which of the following should be considered the most recent common ancestor of living tetrapods
a sturdy-finned, shallow water lobe-fin whose appendages had skeletal supports similar to those of terrestrial vertabrates
Altough corals can capture prey, they also depend on_____ for nutrition
a symbiotic relationship with the photosynthetic zooxanthellae
which of the following traits, if found in this organism, would allow the greatest certainty of identification
a water vascular system
A charcteristic seen only in mammals is
all of these
A coelom provides several benefits, including
all of these
hagfishes are differentiated from all other fishes in that
all of these
which of the following adaptations is associated with the ability of birds to fly
all of these
within the chordate classes, the unique charachteristic of the class Aves is
all of these
gd is a cold loving fungus. thus which charachteristics of abnormal bat behaviour or processes can be most expected to favor the growth of this fungus
all three of the options listed are correct
metamorphosis occurs in which of the following vertabrate classes
amphibia
the superclass tetrapods includes
amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals
which of the following does not charachterize arthropods
an incomplete digestive tract
if you are going to go fishing in freshwater you most likely will use members of which phylum and class as bait
annelida; oligochaeta
frogs are members of the order
anura
In deuterostomes the first opening develops into the
anus
Sponge larvave
are flagellated and able to swim
as adults___ are sessile crustaceans
barnacles
Ctenopheres exhibit
bilateral symmetry
the only living descendant of the dinosaurs are the
birds
which of the following are the only extant animals that descended directly from dinasours
birds
what type of bird is most likely to need air sacs to reduce its weight
birds that migrate long distances
which one of these, if found, should clear up any remaining doubt as to the identity of the orgainsm
blood vessels carrying oxygenated blood from both the skin and the functional lung to the heart
tapeworms
bodies consist of hundreds of reproductive segments
based on the accompanying figure, which of the following structures places this fish in the class actinopterygii
7
a fish with a cartilaginous skeleton and paired fins would be
Chondrichthyean
From an evolutionary perspective, true nerve cells are first seen in the phylum
Cnidari
IN Cnidarians, nematocysts are housed in specialized cells called
Cnidocytes
the diverse body plans seen in Animalia apparently developed during the
cambrian
arhtropods with mandibles, a single pair of antennae and two legs on most body segments are
centipedes
the most closely related animal to vertsbrates are the
cephalochordata
a closed circulatory system is found in the
cephalopoda
a spider would be much less harmful if it lacked
chelicerae
members of the subphylum___ lack antenna but possess unique mouthparts, which are not mandibles
chelicerata
sea cucumbers will _ when enviromental conditions become dangerous
eject their digestive tract, respiratory structures, and gonads
If it were possible, which of the following methofs would be the most effective at elliminating parasitic flukes
eliminate freshwater snails
the lining of the digestive tube is formed from
endoderm
we should expect the inner wall of the swim bladder to be lined with tissue that is derived from
endoderm
female birds lay their eggs, thereby facilitating flight by reducing weight. Which strategy seems most likely for a female bats to use to aceive the same goals
limit litters to a single embryo
The protostome coelmates are divided into two major groups, the
lophotrochozoa and ecdysozoa
the organism represented by number 8 are
mammals
most mollusks are
marine
The____ gives rise to muscles, bones, and the circulatory system
mesoderm
Pseudocoelmates have a body cavity that is not completely lined with___ these animals include____ and roundworms
mesoderm; rotifers
pwhich of these are amniotes
more than one of these are correct
sea stars eat
mostly bivalves
gd is a cold loving fungus. thus which charachteristics of normal bat behaviour or processes can be most expected to favor the growth of this fungus
much reduced metabolic rate during hibernation
you have a sample of cat emesis and find worms in the sample. The cylindrical worms are long and slender, pointed at each end, with no other distinguishing charchteristics. They are members of the phylum
nemertea
in addition to these, it will probobllay have which of the following charachteristics
no jaws
internal fertilization, leathery amniotic egg, and skin that resists drying are charachteristics of
nonbird reptiles
which of the following is an amniote
none of the these
Most representatives of the phylum Porifera gain nutrition as
none of these
Currently for an organism to be considered as an animal it must
not be an autotroph
the presence of a swim bladder allows the typical rey-finned fish to stop swimming and still
not sink
what distinguishes a polychaete from an oligochaete
number of bristles
some bird bones are hollow rather than honeycombed. the hollow bones mostly contain air sacs. the replacement of bone marrow with air sacs is properly understood as an adaptation to
only two of the options listed are corect
marsupials include the
opossum
Digestion in a sponge takes place in
osculum
extinct jawless fish include the
ostracoderms
what do all craniates have that earlier chordates did not have
partial or complete skull
regarding its position in the water column, the same thing that happens to a shark when it stops swimming also happens to a
physoclistus fish when it moves gas from the blood into the water
Within the phylum Cnidaria, corals are most closely related to
sea snemones
hermaphroditic earthworms reproduce sexually by connecting their bodies by their_this allows transfer of ____ from one worm to the other
setae; eggs
placoid scales of epidermal origin are found on
sharks
the earliest mammals resembled small
shrews
sharks may detect their prey using all of the following except
sight
which of these would a paleontologist be most likely to do in order to determine wheteher a fossil represents a reptile or a mammal
examine the teeth
examination of the fossils of archaeopteryx reveals that , in common with extantbirds, it had
feathers
what is the single unique charachteristic that distinguishes extatn birds from others extant vertebrates
feathers
Lancelets are
filter feeders
bivalves are
filter feeders
if a physoclistus fish removes gas from its swim bladder, this fish's density cannot actually change until that gas arrives at the
gills
members of the class bivalia
have a broad foot used for locomotion
annelids
have a segmented body
all cephalic organisms
have bilateral symmetry
members of the clas___include blood sucking parasites
hirudinea
the gd mat on the fur of the bats should be expected to consist of
hyphae
your abdominal cavity, which contains most of your major organs
ia a coelom lined by mesoderm
which class of animals has the largest number of species
insecta
the first function of feathers was most likely
insulation
which of the following is not an adaptation of reptiles for life in a terrestrial habitat
internal fertilizations
why is the amniotic egg considered an important evolutionary breaktrough
it allows desposition of eggs in a terrestrial enviroment
Which statement best describes a lophophore
it is ciliated ring of tentacles surrounding the mouth
if a marine invertabrae were placed into freshwater it would have difficulty surviving because
it would have difficulty with osmoregulation
which extant chordates are postulated to be most like the earliest chordates in appearance
lancelets
urochordates are odd chordates, as typically only the ___ shows the basic chordate charachteristic
larva
the monotremes are an unusual group of mammals because they
lay eggs
one adaptation of insects that is specific to only this group among all arthropods is
specialized mouthparts
the adult form of which of the animals is not capable of locomotion
sponges
adult tunicates resemble____ and are_____
sponges; filter feeders
which taxon is not included in the class amphibia
squamata
in order for the four chambered hearts of birds and mammals to be homologous, which other organisms would have to have had four chambered hearts
stem reptiles
chordate pharyngeal slits appear to have functioned first as
suspension-feeding devices
Snakes are most closely related to
synapsids
which of the following belongs to the lobe-fin clade
tetrapods
which of the following is a craniate animal
10
wich number represents the birds,
10, if it were at the end of a branch emerging from the dinasaurs
In the accompanying figure, which structure is used to help regulate buoyancy of the fish
14
rank the fish from most to least amount of energy
321 chondrichthyan, physostomus, physoclistus
Arrange these taxonomic termsfrom most inclusive to least
34152 gnathostomes, osteichtyans, lobe-fins, tetrapods, amphibians
At which point did lungs evolve
4
At which point did the amniote egg evolve
5
vertabrates and tunicates are
a notochord and a dorsal hollow nerve chord
a trichinella infection is most common in individuals who
eat undercooked pork
to which of the following aare the scales of chondrichthyans most closely related in a structureal sense
chondrichthan teeth
jaws occured in which extant group of fishes
chondrichthyans
their scales most closely resemble teeth in both structure and origin
chondrichthyans
which of the following animals has an open circulatory system
clams
Sponges are beleived to have arisen from the choanoflagellates because they possess
collar cells
which of the following arthropod groups is almost exclusively aquatic in habitat
crustacea
biramous appendages in arhtropods are only present in
crustaceans
like the cnidarians, flatworms depend on _____ for acheiving circulation and gas exchange
diffusion
which of the following is n adaptation that enables cephalopods to escape from their predators
poisonous salivary secreations
which animal phylum has an asymetrical body plan
porifera
which feature of some carinates has the same effect on weight as the presence of air sacs
presence of carina
68. which of the following if observed should help them arrive at a conclusive answer
presence of lungs
Determinate cleavage takes place in___and is charachterized by a pattern of development where the ultimate fate of each cell is___
protostomes; fixed early in the developmental process
Deuterostomes are charchterized by______ and______ cleavage
radial ; inderterminate
whoch of the following are the most abundant and diverse of the extant vertebrates
ray-finned fishes
if the mystery organism has laso become adapted to a fossorial lifestyle , though its ancestors moved about on the surace, then which structures should one expect to find upon dissecting the organism
reduced or absent pelvic and or pectoral girdles
animals with a crown of cilia that looj like a spinning wheel are the
rotifers
Comb jellies move by
rows of cillia
the anterioir end of a tapeworm is known as the
scolex
horseshoe crabs belong to
the class merostomata
which of these charachteristics added most to vertebrate success in reletively dry enviroments
the shelled, amniotic egg
there is evidence that ray-finned fishes evolved
the swim bladder from a lung
gas exchange in terrestrial insects is acomplished through
the use of tracheae
echinoderms are unique because
their larvae are bilaterally symmetrical while the adult is pentaradially symmetrical
what do cnidarians and flatworms have in common
they are acoeloomates
which of the following is a major problem for sessile animals
they are unable to escape unfavorable enviromental conditions
if the inner lining of te air sacs is neither tin nor highly vascularized, then what can be inferred about the air sacs
they cannot be sites of gas exchange between air and blood
one of the disadvantages of exoskeletons in arthropods is that
they must be shed when the animal grows
if flatworms lacked protonephridia
they would have difficulty with fluid balance
which of the following is not a charachteristic shared by all chordates at some point in their life cycle
three primary cell layers
the heart of ampibians has ____chambers. The hearts of birds and mammals have ___chambers
three;four
the____are very common arthropod Paleozoic fossils, and are extinct today
trilobites
which of the following describe echinoderms
tubefeet provide motility in most species
free-living flatworms belong to the class
turbellaria
which features allows hibernating bats to conserve heat without using calories
two of the options listed above are correct
the most unque feature of the echinoderms is theri
water vascular system
