Biological Rhythms and Sleep Quiz

REM behavior disorder (RBD) may be reduced by drugs that prevent REM sleep. prevent stage 3 sleep (SWS) relax the body. reduce anxiety.

reduce anxiety.

A child wakes suddenly after sleeping for a couple of hours, is terrified and shows significant autonomic activity, such as a racing heart rate and dilated pupils. When questioned, the child cannot remember what frightened her. It is likely the child has just woken from _______ sleep. REM stage 1 stage 3 stage 2

stage 3

In humans, somnambulism usually occurs during _______ sleep. stage 1 REM stage 3 stage 2

stage 3

Slow, large-amplitude waves are seen in the EEG records of people who are in _______ sleep. stage 3 stage 2 stage 1 REM

stage 3

The cortical EEG pattern of the isolated forebrain animal is characterized by sustained SWS. ongoing arousal. alternating periods of arousal and sleep. intense seizure activity.

sustained SWS.

The sudden attacks of sleep that occur in narcolepsy are characterized by the lack of REM. the immediate onset of deep SWS. the immediate onset of REM. a usual pattern of SWS and REM sleep.

the immediate onset of REM.

Stage 3 sleep (SWS) is especially prominent during _______ of a night's sleep. the first 30 minutes the initial half the latter half the last complete cycle

the initial half

Which hormone has been especially implicated in informing the brain about daylight? Melatonin Serotonin Melanopsin Tryptophan

Melatonin

People diagnosed with sleep apnea show all of the following symptoms except an abundance of REM sleep. low oxygen levels during sleep. frequent awakenings. snoring.

an abundance of REM sleep.

The pattern of sleep in elderly people is characterized by increases in REM sleep. stage 3 sleep. stage 2 sleep. awakenings.

awakenings

The type of rhythmicity characterized by the regular, predictable onset of a particular behavior once a day is called a(n) _______ rhythm. ultradian infradian circannual circadian

circadian

The process by which an animal slowly shifts its circadian rhythm to synchronize with the time of sunrise each day is called entrainment. phase adjustment. zeitgeber. period adjustment.

entrainment

Stage 3 sleep (SWS) is characterized by the periodic appearance of spindles. slow waves with a frequency of 10 Hz. large-amplitude delta waves. low-voltage, high-frequency scalp EEG activity.

large-amplitude delta waves.

Research has shown that in the forebrain system, SWS is promoted through the actions of GABA on the _______, while in the brainstem system, the _______ projects axons to the brain, promoting wakefulness. tuberomammillary nucleus; locus coeruleus locus coeruleus; reticular formation tuberomammillary nucleus; reticular formation locus coeruleus; coeruleus

tuberomammillary nucleus; reticular formation

The stimulus (usually the light-dark cycle) that entrains circadian rhythms is called a(n) biological rhythm. oscillating cycle. phase marker. zeitgeber.

zeitgeber