Biology II Exam
When did life first appear on the planet?
3.5 billion years ago
How old is our planet Earth?
4.6 billion years old
The eastern meadowlark and the western meadowlark are two bird species that look very similar to each other. Why do biologists not consider them the same species?
All are correct
Which of the following is evidence for evolution in action?
All are evidence for evolution
Which of the following are considered fossils?
All of the above are considered fossils
Which of the following are lines of evidence that support the theory of evolution by natural selection?
All of these
What is an adaptation?
All of these are correct
Which of the following are examples of macro-evolution?
All of these are examples of macro-evolution
Which of the following was a scientists around the time of the Charles Darwin?
All of these were scientists
What is the leading hypothesis for what might have brought about the extinction of the dinosaurs?
An asteroid impact
According to this phylogenetic tree, which bear is most closely related to the American Black Bear?
Asiatic Black Bear
According to this phylogenetic tree, which bear is most closely related to the American black bear?
Asiatic Black Bear
What is the name for the study of the geographic distribution of species?
Biogrography
The approach that consists in comparing DNA sequences to find evidence of a shared evolutionary history is called ___.
Bioinformatics
What events can lead to offspring having a unique arrangement of their parents' genes?
Both crossing over
Certain traits will have been lost from the gene pool forever. This loss of diversity in a reduced population is called ___.
Bottleneck effect
Today, we are in the --- geologic era.
Cenozoic
Evolution can be best defined as ___.
Change in the gene pool of a population
Which of the following best defines microevolution?
Changes in genes within a population over time
Which classification grouping includes the greatest number of species?
Domain
Which grouping includes all of the protists?
Domain Eukarya
The four eras each represents an equal time of Earth's history?
False
What term describes the failure of one's species' sperm to fertilize the egg of a different species?
Gametic incompatibility
Which of the following processes is most likely to occur on this small population of humans?
Genetic Drift
The modern evolutionary synthesis of the 1930s ad 1940s melded together Darwin's findings with ---.
Genetics
What contribution did Charles Lyell make?
He provided the first evidence
What does fitness mean when speaking in terms of evolution?
How many offspring an individual produces
A weed exhibits resistance to an inhicide ___.
Inherited the gene that made it resistant to the herbicide
What defines a population in evolution?
Interbreeding members
What is the fundamental difference between the process of microevolution and macroevolution? Explain your reasoning
Micro-evolution changes with population. Macro-evolution changes within population over time
Can you inherit physical traits that your parents acquired during their lifetime?
No
Which process of evolution does not change the total number of species?
Nonbranching
How can the use of chemical control agents (antibiotics, herbicides, pesticides) lead to their decreased effectiveness? Explain your reasoning
Over time the bacteria evolves and learns how to combat antibiotics, herbicides, pesticides in order for it to grow and survive
All prokaryotes are in the domain ________.
Prokaryotes are in different domains.
If a changing environment increases rates of evolution, why do we see an increase in extinction rates following rapid global catastrophes?
Rapid global catastrophes happen at a quicker pace for the species to adapt, so the extinction rates increase
Which model is evolution closest to what was originally suggested by Charles Darwin?
The graduated model
Which of the following statement is correct regarding the phylogenetic tree above?
The polar bear and brown bear
What is the smallest unit that can evolve?
The population
What is radiometric dating?
The process of determining radioactive isotopes
A zombie apocalypse wipes out almost the entire human species...
The reduced genetic diversity
Based on the following phylogenetic tree, is the sun bear more closely related to the sloth bear or to the brown bear? Explain your reasoning
The sloth bear because its located right above it
Based on the following phylogenetic tree, is the sun bear more closely related to the sloth bear or to the brown bear? Explain your reasoning
The sloth bear because they are closed to each other on the tree
Class Reptilia includes all reptiles...
They share ancestors of the fossil age
What prompted Darwin to publish his book decades after he began writing it?
Wallace, a colleague, was about to publish a similar manuscript
Explain how a complex trait, such as eyes or the ability to fly, can evolve by incremental modifications over time.
can cause species to evolve and expand and it can cause them to survive and reproduce
Natural selection acts on ___, and ___ evolve.
individuals, populations
The oldest fossils are typically found in the sediment ___
located deep under the surface
The rapid diversification of species seen in the fossil record following by long periods of stasis is part of the ___ model of evolution?
punctuated equilibrium
Individuals with variations that make them best suited to their environments are, on average, more likely to ___.
survive and reproduce
If two organisms of different species share more similar DNA sequences with each other than with other species, we can conclude that ________.
these two species are very closely related
