Biology Midterm Study Guide

A group of cells with a common structure and function is referred to as an organ . True or False

False

The bond between amino acids is referred to as an amino bond True or False

False

The interactions within a population and with other populations are referred to as an ecosystem. True or False

False

List the 4 elements that make up 96% of the human body.

Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen

All the ecosystem on the Earth are collectively known as the biosphere. True or False

True

The regulation of an organism's internal environment is known as homeostasis. True or False

True

The three parts which make up a nucleotide are: a sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogen base. True or False

True

When a chlorine atom gains an electron, it gains a charge of _________. a. -1 b. +1 c. stays neutral

a. (-1)

Which of the following is a compound a. H2O b. H2 c. O2 d. all of the above are compounds

a. (H2O)

Which of the following is not a statement associated with organic molecules? a. They always form through ionic bonds b. they are quite large and bond with many atoms c. they are associated with living organisms d. they always contain carbon and hydrogen

a. (They always form through ionic bonds)

The smallest part of an element that retains the properties of the element is a(n) a. atom b. molecule c. compound d. acid

a. (atom)

When breaking a polypeptide into smaller subunits, which of the following chemical reactions would be needed? a. hydrolysis b. isomeric reaction c. dehydration synthesis d. hydrophobic reaction e. hydrophilic

a. (hydrolysis)

An atom that has lost or gained electrons becomes a(n) ________. a. ion b. isotope c. electron

a. (ion)

Which of the following is not a function of proteins in living organisms? a. long term energy storage d. defense c. metabolism d. support e. transport

a. (long term energy storage)

The subunit of RNA and DNA are referred to as: a. nucleotides b. amino acids c. phospholipids d. monosaccharides e. phosphate groups

a. (nucleotides)

Which of the following protein structures is the least complex consisting of a linear sequence of amino acids? a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary

a. (primary)

Which of the following particles is found in the nucleus of an atom? a. protons and neutrons b. protons and electrons c. only electrons d. only electrons

a. (protons and neutrons)

The first shell of an atom can hold _______ electrons and the second can hold ______ electrons a. 8, 8 b. 2, 8 c. 2, 4

b. (2, 8)

A dog trainer is trying to evaluate how attentive a dog is to different whistle sounds. He observes his dog's responses to many different whistles of varying pitch and then decided which one is most effective. Assuming he uses a good experimental design in his selection, what is the independent variable? a. How quickly the dog reacted b. Different whistle sounds c. How accurate the dog's reaction was d. The dog's breed type

b. (Different whistle sounds)

Carbohydrates and proteins are two types of macro molecule. Which functional characteristic of proteins distinguishes them from carbohydrates? a. large amounts of stored, genetic information b. ability to catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions by making or breaking bonds c. efficient storage of usable chemical energy d. tendency to make cell membranes hydrophobic

b. (ability to catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions by making or breaking bonds)

The building blocks of proteins are called: a. monosaccarides b. amino acids c. phospholipids d. peptides e. nucleotides

b. (amino acids)

A water molecule can stick to other water molecules. This property of water is called ________. a. adhesion b. cohesion c. specific heat

b. (cohesion)

A(n) _______ forms when two atoms share electrons. a. ion b. covalent bond c. ionic bonds

b. (covalent bond)

All of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell are called: a. cells b. homeostasis c. metabolism d. cytoplasm e. heterostasis

b. (homeostasis)

Anything that has mass and takes up space is considered a. a solid b. matter c. an element

b. (matter)

A cell biologist was examining the chemical composition of the cell membrane. Which of the following would be found in the highest concentration? a. steroids b. phospholipids c. proteins d. cholesterol e. carbohydrates

b. (phospholipids)

A scientist who studies a group of mice and how they interact with one another would be studying a(n): a. biosphere b. species c. ecosystem d. population e. community

b. (species)

Regarding the scientific method, which statement is false? a. a theory repeatedly supported is sometimes called a law b. theories formed in everyday life carry the same validity as a scientific theory c. only one experimental variable is used in an experiment d. consistent observations about a hypothesis may lead to a theory e. published research should provide detail to allow anyone to repeat the experiment in the same manner

b. (theories formed in everyday life carry the same validity as a scientific theory)

A solution that is a strong acid may have a pH of _______. a. 7 b. 11 c. 2

c. (2)

how many atoms are in NH3? a. 1 b. 3 c. 4

c. (4)

The basic unit of structure and function of all life is the: a. Atom b. Molecule c. Cell d. Organ e. Organism

c. (Cell)

A possible explanation for a natural event before run experiment a. an observation b. a conclusion c. a hypothesis d. testing e. data collection

c. (a hypothesis)

Members of the same species found within a particular area are referred to as: a. a community b. an ecosystem c. a population d. an organism e. a biosphere

c. (a population)

Tortoises which eat mostly shrubs have notches in their shell that allow their necks to extend upward, while tortoises which eat ground-level vegetation have no notches. The notch is an example of a. growth b. reproduction c. an adaptation d. acquisition of materials and energy e. organization

c. (an adaptation)

Without this part of an experiment, a scientist would have no way of knowing if the treatment worked or not: a. conclusion b. testing c. control group d. hypothesis e. observation

c. (control group)

To convert two monosaccarides into a disaccaride, which of the following reactions would be needed? a. hydrolysis b. isomeric reaction c. dehydration synthesis d. hydrophobic reaction e. hydrophilic reaction

c. (dehydration synthesis)

the diversity of living organisms on our planet can best be explained by which a. natural selection b. metabolism c. evolution d. homeostasis e. reproduction

c. (evolution)

A carbon atom has 6 electron. How many bonds can carbon form? a. one b. two c. four

c. (four)

Which sequence represents the correct order of increasing complexity in living things? a. cell, molecule, organ, tissue b. organ, tissue, cell, molecule c. molecule, cell, tissue, organ d. cell, organ, tissue, molecule e. molecule, tissue, cell, organ

c. (molecule, cell, tissue, organ)

A chemist is in the lab studying a large organic molecule with many subunits. Which of the following terms would best describe the molecule that he or she is studying? a. monomer b. isomer c. polymer d. hydromer e. hydrophilic

c. (polymer)

Human pupils contract in bright light. This is an example of a. growth b. reproduction c. response to stimuli d. acquisition of materials and energy e. organization

c. (response to stimuli)

Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living organism? a. respond to stimuli b. adaptation c. sexual reproduction d. regulation of internal environment e. acquisition of energy

c. (sexual reproduction)

Carbon forms covalent bonds. Because carbon only has four electrons on its outer shell, carbon must: a. gain four electrons to complete its outer shell b. lose four electrons to become stable c. share four electrons to complete its outer shell d. share two electrons to complete its outer shell e. gain or lose two elctrons depending on what it is bonding with

c. (share four electrons to complete its outer shell)

A chemist is studying organic molecules in her lab. Which of the following molecules would she be least interested in? a. carbohydrates b. proteins c. water d. nucleic acids e. lipids

c. (water)

Which of the these is an example of homeostasis? a. birds, bats, and butterflies all have wings b. venomous coral snakes and harmless scarlet king snakes both have bands of red, yellow, and black c. when a dog feels hot, it hangs its tongue out and pants d. hummingbirds prefer to feed on nectar from red flowers e. a shark can detect even minute quantities of blood in the water

c. (when a dog feels hot, it hangs its tongue out and pants)

Which of the following polysaccharides is used by animals as the storage form of glucose? a. chitin b. cellulose c. peptidoglycans d. glycogen e. collagen

d. (glycogen)

An isotope of iodine would have a different number of _________ than the typical iodine atom. a. bonds b. electrons c. protons d. neutrons

d. (neutrons)

Which term and definition mismatched? a. Data - factual information b. conclusion - indicates whether the results support or do not support the hypothesis c. Hypothesis - the idea to be tested d. Theory - supported by a broad range of observations, experiments, and data e. All of these are properly matched

e. (All of these are properly matched)

In metabolism, which of the following molecules would be used for an immadiate and quick source of energy? a. protein b. nucleic acids c. lipids d. water e. carbohydrates

e. (carbohydrates)

Which of the following levels of organization is not included within the level of organism? a. Organ b. Cell c. Tissue d. organ system e. population

e. (population)

Which of the following is not a step in the scientific method? a. conclusion b. hypothesis c. observation d.experiment e. scientific law

e. (scientific law)